浅析国内主要城市标准化工作激励政策

文章从区域分布、内容、评价方式等方面介绍了周内主要城市标准化工作的激励政策,并对典型城市进行了案例分析,以期对各地出台新的激励政策提供借鉴和启示。     

用好国外贷款推进节能减排的实践探讨

推进中小城市节能减排,资金是关键,也是瓶颈。利用国外贷款,是解决中小城市节能减排资金难题的重要途径。文章以山东海河流域污染治理利用亚行贷款项目为例,探讨了用好国外贷款推进中小城市节能减排的基本经验和主要问题,并提出了发挥国外贷款最大效益、深化国际金融合作、加快中小城市公用事业市场化改革的相关建议。     

基于生态视角下的城市交通生态规划探讨

针对现代城市的交通现状及所遇到的问题,并结合现代城市逐渐趋向建设生态城市的形势,探讨城市交通的生态规划,并对城市交通生态规划的原则与实施进行研究。     

近十年来中国城市行政区划格局的变动与影响

近十年来,中国行政区划基本格局出现了以地级建制城市与市辖区数量进一步增多、并伴随着基层乡镇规模整合导致乡镇数量减少的发展特征。其影响在于进一步促进了中国城市化进程的发展,消除了大城市、特大城市规模扩张进程中的体制性障碍,为降低城市行政运行成本提供了新的体制保障条件。城市发展过程中的历史包袱,城市权益管治空间架构的传统惯性,各种相关利益盘根错节,使得城市地区行政区划调整所面临的任务将进一步加重。超前研究,统筹谋划,警惕利用行政区划调整机制来借机扩充政府班子、增设行政管辖机构的行为倾向,是行政区划要关注的主要命题。     

Capability accumulation,innovation, and technology diffusion: Lessons from a Base of the Pyramid cluster

Although research on industry clusters has made many valuable contributions, a dearth of empirical evidence and theoretical reflection about the characteristics of Base of the Pyramid (BOP) clusters has persisted. Consequently, the literature still lacks a framework that incorporates the context, challenges, and dynamics encountered in such clusters. Drawing from clusters, capability accumulation, and innovation literatures, we develop a theoretical framework that provides a more fine-grained understanding of the dynamics encountered in BOP clusters, the role of support organizations, the importance of capabilities accumulation in firms, and the challenges associated with technology development and diffusion within such settings. We use case study research method conducted in a traditional granite-mining cluster in Brazil, based on 154 interviews with key informants between 1999 and 2011. Our findings suggest that BOP clusters present different dynamics when compared to clusters elsewhere, because of the existence of idiosyncrasies such as additional barriers to technology diffusion, especially when coupled with a lack of coordination and misaligned policy approaches. We contribute to the literature by arguing that the process of technology diffusion in BOP clusters is hindered by these barriers, and that technology development without wide diffusion within BOP clusters can become a source of social exclusion and wealth concentration. Moreover, in large emerging economies, global pipelines are not necessarily the only path for BOP clusters to achieve competitive advantage and sustainable growth, as suggested in the clusters literature.     

Solving the income fluctuation problem with unbounded rewards

This paper studies the income fluctuation problem without imposing bounds on utility, assets, income or consumption. We prove that the Coleman operator is a contraction mapping over the natural class of candidate consumption policies when endowed with a metric that evaluates consumption differences in terms of marginal utility. We show that this metric is complete, and that the fixed point of the operator coincides with the unique optimal policy. As a consequence, even in this unbounded setting, policy function iteration always converges to the optimal policy at a geometric rate.     

Spillovers among CDS indexes in the US financial sector

By employing the robust cross-correlation function approach proposed by Hong (2001), and conducting pre-tests for structural breaks in the variances as well as removing the causality-in-mean effects in the causality-in-variance tests, we investigate volatility and mean transmissions between the credit default swaps (CDS) indexes of three US financial sectors. We use daily series on five-year banking, insurance, and financial services sector CDS indexes at the sector level from January 2004 to December 2011. We find evidence of significant causality-in-mean effects running from the banking sector to the insurance and financial services sector CDS indexes and from the financial services to the insurance sector CDS indexes, suggesting the leading role of the banking and financial services sectors in terms of price discovery. Moreover, we find significant causality-in-variance effects from the financial services sector CDS index to that of the banking sector, implying the existence of information transmission and contagion from the former, the least regulated of the three. The implications of these findings on traders and policymakers are also provided.     

Impact of macroeconomic surprises on the Brazilian yield curve and expected inflation

This study investigates how unexpected announcements in Brazilian and U.S. macroeconomic indicators affect the term structure of nominal interest rates, as well as implicit inflation expectations and real interest rates. Using daily data from March 2005 to December 2012, we employ an extended Vector Error Correction Model to take into account nonstationarity and the long-term equilibrium among different maturities of those curves. We found empirical evidence that macroeconomic surprises, domestic (Brazilian) and external (U.S. American), which lead the market to believe that there might be a higher risk of inflation or an overheated economy, raise nominal interest rates, implicit expected inflation and real interest rates. Surprisingly, in relation to the efficient-market hypothesis, we found that some macroeconomic surprises have a lagged effect on the yield curves. We also tested the impact of the global financial crisis of 2007–09 and found that the crisis affected significantly the direction and magnitude of the responses to macroeconomic news.     

浅谈提升中小城市酒店服务质量的对策

近几年中小城市酒店业发展势头迅猛,但其服务质量却与大城市中小酒店的服务存在较大的差距。文章从提升服务质量对中小城市酒店发展的重要性入手,分析了顾客对中小城市酒店服务质量的要求和中小城市酒店服务质量存在的问题及原因,提出了建立完善的酒店服务制度、明确酒店工作流程和服务标准、创新酒店服务类型、优化服务过程、加强酒店培训、完善酒店质量监控体系等措施,以提升酒店服务质量和酒店管理水平。     

金融危机对中小企业融资问题的影响与对策

文章分析了金融危机下中小企业融资难的现状及其问题产生的原因,并针对这些原因,探询解决中小企业融资难问题的有效对策。