Property rights protection and access to bank loans

Poor protection of private property has limited the access to bank loans by private enterprises in developing and transition economies. Under those circumstances, private entrepreneurs have resorted to various ways of enhancing the de facto protection of private property. Using a dataset of 3,073 private enterprises in China, this paper empirically investigates the impact of political participation and philanthropic activities – informal substitutes for the lack of formal protection of private property – on the access to bank loans.     

企业家人力资本产权的内涵、结构与功能

企业家是经济生活中最为稀缺的人力资本资源。企业家人力资本既不同于非人力资本资源,也不同于一般的人力资本资源,在经济增长和社会进步的过程中扮演着不可替代的角色,发挥着举足轻重的作用。借助于西方人力资本理论和产权经济学理论,较为系统地分析了企业家人力资本产权的内涵、结构与功能,得出关于企业家人力资本产权的3个重要结论。     

对智能建筑规范化操作的思考

作通过对数项目程中的弱电工程的监理经验总结，提出了对智能建筑实行规范化操作的具体建议。     

A Semiparametric Method for Valuing Residential Locations: Application to Automated Valuation

This paper is motivated by automated valuation systems, which would benefit from an ability to estimate spatial variation in location value. It develops theory for the local regression model (LRM), a semiparametric approach to estimating a location value surface. There are two parts to the LRM: (1) an ordinary least square (OLS) model to hold constant for interior square footage, land area, bathrooms, and other structural characteristics; and (2) a non-parametric smoother (local polynomial regression, LPR) which calculates location value as a function of latitude and longitude. Several methods are used to consistently estimate both parts of the model. The LRM was fit to geocoded hedonic sales data for six towns in the suburbs of Boston, MA. The estimates yield substantial, significant and plausible spatial patterns in location values. Using the LRM as an exploratory tool, local peaks and valleys in location value identified by the model are close to points identified by the tax assessor, and they are shown to add to the explanatory power of an OLS model. Out-of-sample MSE shows that the LRM with a first-degree polynomial (local linear smoothing) is somewhat better than polynomials of degree zero or degree two. Future applications might use degree zero (the well-known NW estimator) because this is available in popular commercial software. The optimized LRM reduces MSE from the OLS model by between 5 percent and 11 percent while adding information on statistically significant variations in location value.     

自然资本代际配置研究--可持续发展的产权制度设计

自然资本配置不仅涉及当代人利益,也涉及后代人利益,即涉及代际利益问题。现代产权理论,对于说明市场机制配置资源产生帕累托最优效率,提供了反传统的论证,但是缺乏代际利益均衡理念,无法令人信服地说明可持续发展框架下的自然资本的最优配置问题。本文以罗尔斯的代际正义论为伦理基础,提出自然资本代际产权理论,以期对现代产权理论加以修正并对可持续发展进行产权制度设计。     

新形势下高校房产管理改革的探讨

通过对高校后勤改革中存在的不足及工作偏差进行研究，分析了房产改革在高校后勤工作中的重要性和迫切性，指出了其中的纰漏和弊端，以及没有充分完善的地方。针对现有的弊端，提出了相应的一些解决办法和措施。高校房产管理改革重在提高房屋的使用效率及经济效益。     

从会计双重属性看会计的国际化和国家化

会计具有双重属性 ,一是自然属性 ,二是社会属性。自然属性要求作为技术手段的会计采用国际先进的处理方法 ,国际贸易和国际资本市场发展及跨国公司在全球的活动使会计趋于国际化。社会属性源于会计的经济后果 ,会计信息作为执行各种契约的依据 ,会导致产权的变动 ,各国会根据会计环境制定有利于自身的会计准则。各国社会环境的差异使具有社会属性的会计长期保持国家化特色。     

怎样看待西方产权经济理论

要实现社会主义制度与市场经济的机结合,在实践上借鉴利用西方产权经济理论为我国经济建设服务,继承和发展马克思主义经济学,有必要从理论上弄清西方产权理论的本质、贡献及其局限性。     

论商业秘密的知识产权保护

随着我国市场经济的快速发展及后WTO时代国际经济商事交往的密切,我国既有法律体系的缺陷与商业秘密法律保护之间的矛盾日益凸显。本文从比较法的视觉指出,当前我国商业秘密的法律保护应充分适应并借鉴TRIPs协议等相关国际条约的规定,明确商业秘密的知识产权性质,以切实有效地保护我国各类民事主体的商业秘密权利,促进社会经济发展。     

网络环境下知识产权现状与对策

互联网的日益发展导致知识产权的保护也受到了一定挑战,网络环境中知识产权出现了新的特征,因此对其保护也应该提出新的策略。