Measuring and forecasting retail trade in real time using card transactional data

We build big data retail trade indicators for Spain using high-dimensional card transaction data from one of the country’s biggest banks. The resulting indicators replicate the dynamics of the Spanish retail trade indices (RTI), regional RTIs (Spain’s autonomous regions), and RTI by retailer type (distribution classes) released by the Spanish National Statistics Institute. The new indicators not only have a higher frequency (daily data) and higher geographical and sectorial breakdown but are also shown to improve nowcasting and forecasting power for the official RTI, making them key variables to monitor consumption.     

房地产企业适应市场竞争的核心能力探析

形成现代房地产企业核心竞争力的因素有人才、品牌、土地等，但其制胜点是适应市场竞争的核心能力。文章从科学的资本运作能力、消费群体个性化需求的准确把握能力、快速适应市场变化的能力、策划与现代营销的运用能力等几个方面对这一问题进行了探索。     

市场经济条件下博物馆商店经营模式的构建

博物馆旅游业的兴起，博物馆商店的建设逐渐成为文博旅游业的重要组成部分。博物馆商店应突出自己的文化性，市场经营应针对消费心理需求进行分析，运用科学、合理销售策略，构建有自己特色的经营模式，形成有一定规模的商业活动。     

Attributions and behavioral intentions of inexperienced salespersons to failure: An empirical investigation

The goal of this research was to determine how inexperienced sales representatives (rookies) interpret and respond to their sales failure situations. The authors studied 296 rookie financial services sales representatives'performance attributions for a previous unsuccessful sales interaction and their intended behaviors for a future, similar selling situation. This provided the authors the opportunity to compare their results with Dixon, Spiro and Jamil's (2001) findings for experienced sales representatives (veterans). In the event of a sales failure, rookies'responses do not parallel those of veterans. The results suggest that rookies are likely to engage in several inappropriate behaviors in response to failed sales encounters. Implications for managers and directions for future research are discussed. Andrea L. Dixon (Andrea. Dixon@uc.edu) (Ph.D., Indiana University) is an assistant professor of marketing at the University of Cincinnati. Her research focuses on selling behaviors, team selling, integrating technology and personal selling, and the role of developmental relationships in enhancing creativity and productivity in the sales division. The primary focus of her research is improving the performance of sales representatives and the sales organization or unit. She has published in theJournal of the Academy of Marketing Science, theJournal of Marketing, and theJournal of Personal Selling and Sales Management. She currently serves on the editorial review boards of theJournal of the Academy of Marketing Science and theJournal of Personal Selling and Sales Management. Dixon is the vice chair for conference programming of the Selling and Sales Management Special Interest Group of the American Marketing Association. Rosann L. Spiro (spiro@ indiana.edu), Ph. D., is a professor of marketing and chairperson of the Marketing Department at Indiana University in Bloomington, Indiana, where she teaches Sales Management, Personal Selling, International Marketing, Business-to-Business Marketing Strategy, and Managerial Research in Marketing. Her research interests focus on sales strategy, sales management, and personal selling. Her work has appeared in numerous publications, including theJournal of Marketing Research, theJournal of Marketing, theJournal of Consumer Research, theJournal of Business, and theJournal of Personal Selling and Sales Management. She currently serves on the editorial review boards of theJournal of Personal Selling and Sales Management andMarketing Management. She is also a coauthor of a leading sales management text,Management of a Sales Force (11 th ed.). She formerly served as the chairperson of the Board of the American Marketing Association. Curtently she serves on an Advisory Board for the Univted States Bureau of Census and is the chair of the Selling and Sales Management Special Interest Group of the American Marketing Association. Lukas P. Forbes (Lukas.Forbes@wku.edu) is an assistant professor of marketing in the Gordon Ford College of Business at Western Kentucky University. He received his B.S. from the United States Military Academy at West Point, his M.B.A. from worcester Polytechnic Institute, and is completing his Ph.D. at the University of Kentucky. His research interests include personal selling, services, and product development. He has previously published in the American Marketing Association Educators and Frontiers in Services conference proceedings.     

盈亏临界点分析在企业多产品经营战略中的运用

利用本量利分析法可以判断盈亏临界点,使生产经营决策科学合理。当企业管理者面对多品种产品的决策时,在考虑企业综合固定成本和产品个别固定成本的前提下,按边际贡献率的大小来安排生产和销售的先后顺序,能够确定出更加精确的盈亏临界点。     

基于批零系数的城市化阶段探讨

批零系数是指同一时期批发销售额与零售销售额的比值,其变化反映了生产企业产品流通渠道长短的变化。在城市发展的初期,随着城市化率的不断提高,批零系数也不断提高;当城市化率达到一定的高度,批零系数会呈下降趋势;而到城市发展到成熟阶段,社会经济基本达到稳定的状态,批零系数也逐渐达到一个相对稳定的状态。由于城市功能、区位条件等的不同,不同的城市批零系数与城市化率的具体对应关系也有所区别。     

Organizational antecedents to and consequences of service business orientations in manufacturing companies

Although various manufacturing companies have developed into total solution providers, no research addresses their service orientations. Building on the literature on organizational service climate, this study explores the organizational parameters and service business orientations that explain relative product sales and service volume of manufacturing companies. Following an exploratory study involving in-depth interviews, the authors conducted an empirical survey of 137 companies in The Netherlands, Belgium, and Denmark. The study assesses the effects of organizational parameters on the implementation of service business orientations and validates the important distinction between services in support of the client’s actions (SSC) and services in the support of the product (SSP). The findings demonstrate that services in support of the client’s action leverage relative product sales, while services in support of the product generate service volume. In addition to the main effects, the moderating effects of the organizational parameters are discussed.

网络商务声誉博弈——基于网络欺诈模型的数理分析

网络商务声誉的研究对于现代商务交易的繁荣和进步具有紧迫性和战略性的意义。文章试图建立一个基于网络商务欺诈动机条件的数理模型,并通过该模型的分析,定量给出一种临界条件,以确保在线销售者不会出现欺诈而始终保证诚信行为,同时利用这种较好的声誉获取更高的利润,进而促使互联网在线交易商得以获取较好的战略声誉博弈结果。     

名特优水产苗种经营中的销售服务

本文通过对名特优水产苗种经营中的销售行为进行分析，阐述了销售服务的重要性，指出了服务在销售过程中的作用，为水产苗种企业在经营管理中如何赢得客户、赢得市场提供了必要的参考。     

Critical sales events and salesforce attitudes

A new family of explanatory variables — critical sales events (CSEs) — is described. The impact of CSEs and past performance on the satisfaction and loyalty of industrial sales reps is explored. Controlling for sales experience and gender, performance, and two types of recent events (loss of a major customer and success at making a big sale) were generally significantly linked to salesforce satisfaction (with pay, advancement, the work itself corporate performance, and the sales manager) and to loyalty (affective organizational commitment and intentions to stay). The results suggest the value of understanding the effect of critical sales events for both sales management theory and practice.