增值税会计理论初探

"财税合一"的会计模式不能适应我国会计理论建设的需要,不能适应税收国际协调的需要。解决问题的方法是建立"财税适度分离"的增值税会计模式,或执行收付实现制,或执行权责发生制。全面实行权责发生制比全面实行收付实现制具有更多优越性。笔者认为全面采用权责发生制以利增值税会计未来发展。     

Unusual operating cash flows and stock returns

The current financial reporting of cash flows from operations does not present individual sources of these cash flows, making it difficult for investors to assess a firm’s future performance. I hand-collect individual cash flows from unusual operations and examine their characteristics for predicting future cash flows. The results show that the unusual individual cash flow items contain a significant incremental predictive ability for future cash flows. Additional return tests show that stock prices fail to fully reflect their predictive value, suggesting that the current reporting practice may mislead investor perceptions of a firm’s cash generating ability and investors could benefit from a more explicit presentation of cash flows from operations.     

我国中小股份制银行流动性管理研究

目前，我国中小股份制银行在流动性管理上存在的主要问题是难以平衡规模扩张、追求高盈利与流动性之间的关系，规模扩张对流动性管理提出了更高的要求，如何管理好筹资渠道、制定合理的资产配置方案以及确定最优的现金资金持有量都是中小股份制银行面临的重要课题。该文将结合我鞫筹资渠道分配、流动性监管等宏观环境因素，借鉴企业财务管理对流动性资产持有量的决策方法，探索在当前市场环境下我国股份制银行实现高效的流动性风险与管理思路和方法。     

MIRR: A better measure

Over the past 60 years Net Present Value (NPV) and the Internal Rate of Return (IRR) have emerged from obscurity to become the overwhelming choices for the quantitative measurement of investment attractiveness in modern corporations. Despite their current popularity, neither NPV nor IRR was designed to deal effectively with the vast majority of investment problems, meaning those where periodic free cash flows are generated between the time of asset purchase and the time of sale. NPV assumes that periodic cash flows can and will be reinvested at the NPV discount rate, either at the cost of capital or another risk adjusted discount rate; IRR assumes reinvestment at the IRR. Neither assumption is usually realistic. In addition, when evaluating projects in terms of their financial attractiveness, the two measures may rank projects differently. This becomes important when capital budgets are limited. Finally, a project may have several IRRs if cash flows go from negative to positive more than once. The Modified Internal Rate of Return (MIRR), discovered in the 18th century, does account for these cash flows. This article explains the problems with NPV and IRR, describes how MIRR works, and demonstrates how MIRR deals with weaknesses in NPV and IRR.     

现金股利政策:法律保护的结果还是法律保护的替代——来自我国上市公司的证据

与LLSV横向研究不同,本文从纵向检验了现金股利法律保护替代模型与结果模型在我国的适用性。首先,纵向分阶段的回归分析和差异检验表明:两模型在我国的适用性呈现出阶段性特征,在法律保护较弱的阶段,法律保护替代模型具有一定的适用性,随着法律保护程度的提高,法律保护结果模型对我国上市公司的现金股利政策更有解释力。其次,检验了我国交叉上市公司与无交叉上市公司现金股利支付率的差异,进一步证明了现金股利法律保护结果模型的适用性。同时,我们也发现一个有趣的问题,现金股利支付率与每股收益显著负相关,与增长机会不具有显著负相关性,说明公司的现金股利政策不是根据盈利状况和增长机会做出的。     

Managing competitive software component supplier relationships

This study addresses purchasing challenges faced by companies buying commercial software components. The purpose is to find out how we can understand the purchasing challenges in software component business. First we develop pre-understanding based on knowledge on competitive supplier relationships and competitive bidding. This is elaborated empirically through a qualitative case study. We contribute to prior literature by concluding that the nature of software component supplier relationships is influenced by the object and costs of exchange. We also argue that, in markets like software component business, it is essential to pay attention to the development of the whole supply market.     

Cash Marketing Styles and Performance Persistence

Much agricultural economics research has been dedicated to determining the best time for producers to sell their commodities. Unlike this past research, we look at how producers actually sell commodities. The extent to which producers display an active or mechanical marketing style is measured using individual farmer sales. The activeness of a producer's marketing strategy is measured by how much the timing of their strategy varies from year to year. Results show no relationship between activeness and net prices received. Furthermore, the results show no evidence of performance persistence by individual producers.     

大股东控制、市场化程度与公司现金持有水平

运用2003～2008年我国所有非金融类A股上市公司的样本数据,从大股东控制视角出发,重点关注第一大股东持股比例、实际控制人性质和公司所在地区市场化程度对于公司现金持有水平的共同作用。结果表明,第一大股东持股比例与公司现金持有量水平正相关,实际控制人为国有的比非国有的上市公司的现金持有量高;公司外部治理环境的改善,有助于减轻由第一大股东持股比例以及实际控制人性质对公司现金持有量造成的负面影响。     

现金余额型职业养老金计划及其对我国的启示

现金余额型养老金计划是美国职业养老金近年衍生出的创新模式之一,作为混合型计划的一种,其兼具确定给付型和确定缴费型养老金制度的特点。本文运用比较法分析了现金余额型养老金计划的运行机理,进而在分析我国目前职业养老金面,临的困境的基础上,指出现金余额型养老金计划对我国职业养老金建设的借鉴意义,具体包括：DC计划不是职业养老金...     

终极股东控制与债务期限决策——来自中国上市家族企业的证据

现有研究证实企业普遍存在终极股东,本文利用我国303家上市家族企业2007～2009年面板数据检验了终极股东控制和债务期限结构的关系.研究发现:存在终极控制的上市家族企业,随着终极控制权和现金流权分离程度的增加,更愿意采用负债融资,以获取更多可控制资源,实现其控制权私利,并且我国上市家族企业不倾向于短期债务,而更愿意采用长期债务,来实现其非金钱收益,这是因为短期债务能够减少自由现金流量,并具有外部监督效用,限制了终极控制人获取私利的机会.