Towards a complete real-time electricity market design

The general design for the real-time electricity market presented in this paper optimizes and prices both real and reactive power simultaneously in an AC setting, where all assets—generation, load and transmission—are allowed to bid and are financially settled at the locational price times energy consumed or produced. The result is that transmission lines are compensated for both capacity and admittance, providing incentives for efficient operation of transmission-related assets such as FACTS devices, if price-taking behavior is assumed. Losses are incorporated into the design and become an operating cost for transmission. The market design is shown to be revenue neutral and, under some assumptions, nonconfiscatory.      

Forecasting category sales and market share for wireless telephone subscribers: a combined approach

The ability to forecast market share remains a challenge for many managers especially in dynamic markets, such as the telecommunications sector. In order to accommodate the unique dynamic characteristics of the telecommunications market, we use a multi-component model, called MSHARE. Our method involves a two-phase process. The first phase consists of three components: a projection method, a ring down survey methodology and a purchase intentions survey. The predictions from these components are combined to forecast category sales for the wireless subscribers market. In the second phase, market shares for the various brands are generated using the forecast of the number of subscribers that are obtained in Phase 1 and the share predictions from the ring down methodology. The proposed methodology produces the minimum Relative Absolute Error for each market as compared to the forecasts from each individual component in the first phase. The value of the proposed model is illustrated by its application to a real world scenario. The managerial implications of the proposed model are also discussed.     

印度股票市场改革的经验与启示

印度股票市场改革对中国的启示主要在于,作为一个转型经济国家在发展金融市场尤其是股票市场的过程中出现某些消极问题在某种意义上是可以的,关键在于改革者要在既定的约束条件下完善相关的制度和规则,从而引导相关利益主体的行为以实现效率改进,同时在制度移植和模仿方面要注意有关的适用条件,在改革方式上宜快则快。     

Market structure and profitability in the international tourist hotel industry

This paper adopts Hsiao (1986) panel data techniques, with metropolitan-level panel data from Taiwan, to examine how the market structures of various related service markets and hotels’ locations affect hotels’ profitability. The empirical results indicate that: (1) market concentration in rooms could significantly improve international tourist hotels’ profitability, while concentration in the food and beverage markets have positive but insignificant effects, and (2) the locations of the international tourist hotels significantly affect their profitability.     

A note on the decomposition (at a point) of aggregate excess demand on the Grassmannian

This paper analyzes the properties of aggregate excess demand functions for economies with an arbitrary finite set of N commodities where agents face trading restrictions of a general, abstract form: their budget set is defined by K-dimensional planes in ^N. It is shown that, if there are at least K agents in the economy, the only general property satisfied by the value of aggregate excess demand and its derivative, at any arbitrary point, is Walras Law. The result is established by considering an economy where agents' preferences are of a ‘generalized Leontief' type.     

市场拥挤、财政支出和税后资本平均产出关系分析

税后资本平均产出的高低对私人部门投资决策产生重要影响,但是我国自1994年分税制改革以来,税后资本平均产出处于不断下降趋势,与此同时,财政支出规模呈不断扩大趋势。本文在财政支出解决市场拥挤框架下分析了财政支出对税后资本平均产出的影响,在理论分析中,说明财政通过增加支出缓解市场拥挤来影响税后资本平均产出,其影响程度由税率、财政支出的产出弹性、市场拥挤程度决定。在实证分析中,计量检验了世界范围内和中国地方政府财政支出对税后资本平均产出的影响,并结合现实对计量结果给予解释。     

我国城乡耐用消费品市场用户构成差异的研究——一个创新扩散的视角

创新扩散理论按照用户采用新产品的时间先后顺序将市场细分为创新者、早期采用者、早期大多数、晚期大多数和落后者五种类型。本文在扩散经典理论和中国市场特征的基础上,提出城镇市场和农村市场耐用消费品用户构成差异的假设。研究结果证实了全部假设:城镇的创新者比例显著高于农村,农村的早期采用者比例显著超过城镇,而各类型采用者的采用持续时间农村全面长于城镇。这些结论为更加深入地了解二元经济结构下中国市场的特征提供了有益启示。     

新兴市场国家的汇率波动与出口:一个经验分析

现有的中外文献已经对发达国家间的汇率波动与贸易之间的关系做了很多相关分析，但就汇率波动与贸易之间的关系没有取得一致性的结论。本文利用协整分析和误差修正模型，针对新兴市场国家的汇率波动与出口的关系进行了经验分析，结论是：汇率波动会在一定程度上抑制新兴市场国家的出口，但对某些新兴市场国家出口的影响并不明显，其影响程度随一国经济发展水平、经济规模和开放度的差异而有所区别。     

具有网络效应的产品的价格竞争分析

具有网络效应的产品是指消费者在消费这种产品时所获得的效用会随着购买这种产品的其他消费者数量的增加而不断增加的产品。本文通过建立一个有两个厂商的离散动态决策模型，研究在分散决策的市场经济中生产具有网络效应的产品的厂商的价格决策对产品市场占有率的影响，价格决策影响产品市场占有率的动态演化的过程，以及市场均衡的务件和特征，包括产品不占有市场、占有部分市场以及上有今都市场的价格条件。     

完全与不完全资产市场理论的一致性

本文通过建立一个包含完全市场与不完全市场的统一经济模型,从理论上阐述了不完全市场与完全市场的联系、区别及效率性。提出现实生活中如何把不完全市场转化为完全市场,从而使市场的效率增加。最后,针对现实的不完全市场,提出三种与之相应的制度安排。