试论农村剩余劳动力转移中的政府行为

文章首先分析了自改革开放以来我国城乡差距的扩大,并指出了随着农业生产力的提高,我国农村出现了大量的剩余劳动力。接着结合实际提出了转移农村剩余劳动力的任务,并从几个方面分析了转移过程中的困难及制约因素,最后指出了政府在解决大量农村剩余劳动力转移时的作用。     

The European Union's aging population: Challenges for human resource management

The European Union (EU)'s aging population is leading to a workforce that is rapidly aging and gradually beginning to shrink. Businesses will have to prepare for an older workforce that will have different priorities compared to the historically younger workforce. In this article, we examine the aging population of the EU and analyze how organizations can best manage the transition to a workforce that is rapidly aging. We explain how the changing demographic outlook translates into challenges for acquiring and retaining talent, and how employers can best manage this transition. We provide examples of organizations that have implemented human resource policies to make their workplaces more elderly friendly and their workforces more efficient. We conclude by pointing out some steps that organizations can take to better integrate older workers and help make their aging workforces more productive.     

Role of consumption values in the luxury brand experience: Moderating effects of category and the generation gap

This study examined how the consumption values of luxury brands lead to their patronage. We examined the effects of functional, symbolic, experiential, and zero-moment-of-truth (ZMOT) values on patronage intention through the emotional response process of flow and compatibility using the stimulus–organism–response framework. Furthermore, latent mean analysis of the moderating effects of different groups was conducted. The findings demonstrate that experiential, functional, symbolic, and ZMOT values influence emotional reactions to luxury brand experiences, and these reactions vary among groups. Marketers should increase the value of the luxurious consumption experience and create different values for various consumer groups and categories to expand luxury brands.     

The new generation of millennial entrepreneurs: A review and call for research

Entering the third decade of the new millennium, the millennial generation is stepping into their most productive stage of life. We have witnessed a number of exemplary millennial entrepreneurs, such as Mark Zuckerberg, founder and CEO of Facebook. The world’s economy is evolving fast and presenting distinct entrepreneurial opportunities to millennials across the globe. It is critical that scholars of international entrepreneurship explore the new breed of millennial entrepreneurs and contrast them across generations and countries. Regrettably, the extant literature comes up short in fully addressing the new generation of entrepreneurs. We call for immediate scholarly attention on millennial entrepreneurs as they are in substantive ways unlike all earlier generations. We urge researchers to explore the unique characteristics of millennial entrepreneurs, their influence on entrepreneurial motivation, orientation, opportunity discovery and exploitation process, and the global ambition of their entrepreneurial ventures.     

Tiered expatriation: A social relations approach to staffing multinationals

This article applies a social relations discourse to examine the use of expatriates in Chinese multinational companies (MNCs). Expatriates are analyzed based on two sets of social relations: the social functions of expatriates (which include the global function of capital and the collective function of labor) and the pathways of expatriation (which include intra‐ and interfirm transfers). In particular, the framework incorporates the collective function of labor into the analysis of expatriation, which has received limited attention in the existing international HRM literature. Conceptually, the social relations discourse allowed us to frame staffing in an open system in which HR practices involving expatriation are shaped by the intersections between the choices of MNCs, the actions of workers, and the mediation of institutional players. Empirically, this article presents three case studies of Chinese MNCs in Europe to illustrate the tiered expatriation of managerial staff, technicians, and operational workers from interchangeable sources of labor. The HR policy implications suggest greater diversity in the formation of international staffing for MNCs.     

农村剩余劳动力转移的思考与对策

加快我国农村剩余劳动力转移对农民致富、提高农村人口的消费水平具有重要意义。应走出农村剩余劳动力转移的误区,形成统一的认识框架,推行政府主导型发展模式,并在此框架下实施财税体制改革、农村产权制度改革、劳动社保制度改革,以及户籍等相关配套制度改革,缓解城乡二元经济结构的矛盾,促进农村剩余劳动力有效转移,保证社会的和谐。     

新生代员工工作价值观对越轨创新的影响机制：标新立异还是阳奉阴违

基于基本心理需求理论,聚焦343个新生代员工样本数据,全面探析新生代工作价值观对越轨创新的影响机制。结果表明,新生代员工工作价值观对越轨创新具有正向作用,而心理授权在此影响过程中具有中介效应;新生代员工情绪智力和任务互依性分别在工作价值观与心理授权、心理授权与越轨创新的关系中发挥调节作用。这不仅拓展了价值观和基本心理需求理论,还为破解新生代员工越轨创新的动因和改进组织创新管理提供了多样化视角。     

Four Mexican dreams: What will drive the Mexican millennial to invest?

The American Dream is a well-researched concept, but what would be its equivalent for Mexico? We investigate the Mexican Dream for young adults (25 to 35 year old Mexicans). The aim of the study is to develop an understanding of the core values of young Mexican adults reflected in their consumer behavior in the financial sector. We implement a cross-cultural consumer behavior framework by David Luna, in order to consider factors like culture, and value systems to uncover the Mexican Dream for young Mexican adults. In order to gather data for this study, six focus group discussions of key informants were carried out in specific areas, such as consumer behavior, futures images and Mexican culture among others. The results suggest that the core drivers of the Mexican Young adults, known as Generation Y, differ from the traditional cultural values in several ways. The results are used to create four images of the future in order to understand the young Mexican adults core drivers for the future: 1) Following the North Americans image describes a future based on the traditional Mexican values updated with a modern twist; 2) The Muddling Through image describes a future where the most important aspects of life go wrong; 3) the Telenovela combines positive and negative aspects in an image of the future; and 4) the Going European image strives for a civilized individualism within a welfare state.     

A rolling planning horizon heuristic for scheduling agents with different qualifications

This paper presents an optimization model for the tour scheduling problem for agents with multiple skills and flexible contracts in check-in counters at airports. The objective is to minimize the total assignment costs subject to demand fulfillment and labor regulations. In order to solve this problem we develop a rolling planning horizon-based heuristic. Our heuristic is robust and provides near-optimal schedules within reasonable computation time for real-world cases, although the parameter selection is important to its performance. In addition, we discuss the impact of the skill distribution on the scheduling costs for several instances.     

Do Single Mothers Face Greater Constraints to Workforce Participation in Non-Metropolitan Areas?

Increasing workforce participation among single mothers is the primary goal of recent welfare reform measures. This article shows that increased workforce participation in the mid to late 1990s led to improvements in the economic well-being of non-metropolitan and metropolitan area families headed by single mothers. Differential benefits and costs of workforce participation of single mothers in non-metropolitan and metropolitan areas are then examined. Single mothers are found to face lower costs to workforce participation and receive lower hourly earnings in non-metropolitan areas than in metropolitan areas. Young children do, however, raise workforce participation costs more in non-metropolitan areas.