“合六巢”区域旅游资源整合开发研究

区域旅游整合开发是现代旅游业发展的必然趋势。全面整合旅游资源,联合开发出一个特色鲜明、文化深厚、可游性强的区域性旅游圈,对提高区域旅游竞争力,实现旅游经济可持续发展具有重要意义。本文首先分析了"合六巢"区域旅游资源整合可行性的基础上,提出了"合六巢"区域旅游资源整合的具体措施。     

我国城市轨道交通发展TOD模式研究

我国已迈入城市轨道交通大发展时期,然而国内城市轨道交通几乎整个行业均存在不同程度亏损。本文针对我国城市轨道交通发展面临的突出问题,借鉴国际先进城市轨道交通TOD模式发展的成功经验,提出了促进我国城市轨道交通TOD模式发展的建议。     

美国武器装备发展的“委员会+工作组”组织模式

通过解读梳理美国国防部最新的2015年版采办指令、采办指南中关于决策的政策和程序,并以美国在研的重大国防采办项目———第三代全球定位系统为实例,重点考虑关于决策体系的三个方面的问题：谁来决策？谁提供意见？谁提供证据？详细考察美国国防采办项目发展过程中的决策指挥链及决策支持体系,总结美国武器装备发展中决策体系的构成及决策特点。研究发现,美国武器装备发展管理采取了“以里程碑决策官为核心的委员会+工作组”决策体系,该体系主要包括四个要点：一是每个型号项目指定一个里程碑决策官作为此项目的唯一的最终决策人;二是在里程碑决策官领导下组成采办指挥链;三是里程碑决策官在重大里程碑决策点通过委员会的方式听取不同意见;四是里程碑决策官采取集成产品组的工作组方式获得决策支持。并提出对我国的武器装备发展决策的一些启示。     

新疆县域城乡发展差距探讨

经过多年发展,新疆县域经济取得了较大发展,已成为新疆国民经济的基础层次,在新疆经济社会的全面健康发展中起到了重要的作用。但新疆县域城乡发展差距却在不断扩大,表现在城乡经济增长速度、居民收入水平、居民消费水平等方面。因而,应通过加快农村社会事业的发展、加快解决县域农村剩余劳动力、推进城市化进程等措施进一步统筹新疆城乡协调发展。     

电子装备设计制造一体化技术综述

本文介绍了先进制造技术的发展方向之一－－设计制造一体化技术的产生背景、市场需求、概念、关键技术以及在电子产品行业中应用的主要方向。     

Towards an Integrated Statistical System at Statistics Netherlands*

Changes in circumstances put pressure on Statistics Netherlands (SN) to redesign the way its statistics are produced. Key developments are: the changing needs of data‐users, growing competition, pressure to reduce the survey burden on enterprises, emerging new technologies and methodologies and, first and foremost, the need for more efficiency because of budget cuts. This paper describes how SN, and especially its business statistics, can adapt to these new circumstances. We envisage an optimum situation as one with a single standardised production line for all statistics and a central data repository at its core. This single production line is supported by generic and standardised tools, metadata and workflow management. However, it is clear that such an optimum situation cannot be realised in just a few years. It should be seen as the point on the horizon. Therefore, we also describe the first transformation steps from the product‐based stovepipe‐oriented statistical process of the past to a more integrated process of the future. A similar modernisation process exists in the area of social statistics. In the near future both systems of business and social statistics are expected to connect at pivotal points and eventually converge on one overall business architecture for SN. Discussions about such an overall business architecture for SN have already been started and the first core projects have been set up.     

Site selection to test an integrated approach to agricultural research for development: combining expert knowledge and participatory Geographic Information System methods

The sub-Saharan Africa challenge programme is designed to address the problems of failures of agricultural markets, inappropriate policies and natural resource degradation, that contribute to the continuing deterioration of livelihoods and food security in the region. It is seeking to do this by redefining the roles of scientists and farmers through collaborative learning processes, addressing questions about the level, timing, type and formof participation, as well as themost effective approaches andmethods to foster them. The research domains of the programme deal with sustainable intensification of smallholder agriculture, the sustainable management of natural resources, the development of efficient markets, and the promotion of enabling policies. One question that was addressed in designing the initiative was deciding where to work so as to maximize the chances of successful testing of this new approach, so that it would lead to significant reductions of rural poverty. A participatory process was put in place to design a framework to accomplish this site selection, and then to apply it in west, east and southern Africa. A mixture of spatial data analysis and expert knowledge on spatial and non-spatial factors was used, and one primary site in each region was identified to form the basis for the next phase of the challenge programme. Several lessons were learnt from the process, including the importance of adapting themethods to actual conditions, the increased utility of targetting when the quantitative and the qualitative are freely combined, and the continued need for baseline spatial and non-spatial data to improve the targeting of research in the future that is designed to alleviate poverty in sub-Saharan Africa.     

Pandemic risk disclosure in integrated reports: after COVID-19 is hindsight 2020?

We examine whether, and to what extent companies disclosed pandemic risk and likely impact as part of their key risks or material matters immediately prior to 2020. The integrated/annual reports of 489 companies from six global regions were examined, finding that despite clear warnings from multiple fronts that highlighted the inevitability and imminence of a global pandemic, only 15.5 percent of companies disclosed anything related to pandemic risk. Of these, 71.1 percent were boilerplate in nature, providing minimal useful information to stakeholders. This study contributes to our understanding of integrated reporting, specifically regarding the adequacy of the disclosure of material risks.     

A framework to measure integrated risk

A framework underlying various models that measure the credit risk of a portfolio is extended in this paper to allow the integration of credit risk with a range of market risks using Monte Carlo simulation. A structural model is proposed that allows interest rates to be stochastic and provides closed-form expressions for the market value of a firm's equity and its probability of default. This model is embedded within the integrated framework and the general approach illustrated by measuring the risk of a foreign exchange forward when there is a significant probability of default by the counterparty. For this example moving from a market risk calculation to an integrated risk calculation reduces the expected future value of the instrument by an amount that could not be calculated using the common pre-settlement exposure technique for estimating the credit risk of a derivative.     

Institutional structures of financial sector supervision,their drivers and historical benchmarks

This paper studies institutional structures of prudential and business conduct supervision of financial services in 98 high and middle income countries over the past decade. It identifies possible drivers of changes in these supervisory structures using the panel ordered probit analysis. The results show that (i) more developed, small open economies with better public governance tend to integrate their supervision, especially the prudential one; (ii) more financially developed countries integrate more their supervision; however, greater development of the non-bank financial system leads to less integrated prudential supervision but not business conduct supervision; (iii) the lobbying power of concentrated and highly profitable banking sectors significant hinders business conduct integration; (vi) countries that experienced financial crises integrate their supervisory structure relatively more and (v) greater central bank independence could cause less integration of prudential supervision, but not necessarily of business conduct supervision.