基于对数平均迪氏指数法分解的工业二氧化碳强度驱动因素分析——以新疆为例

新疆在推进工业化的进程中面临着巨大的节能减排压力.对与能耗相关的二氧化碳排放强度进行分解,研究其背后的驱动因素,能够为有的放矢地制订减排政策,发展低碳经济提供重要的实证依据.文章运用对数平均迪氏指数法方法,对新疆工业二氧化碳强度变动的分解结果表明:1994～2001年工业二氧化碳强度略有上升,其正向驱动因素是部门结构和行业结构,负向驱动因素是能耗强度和能耗结构;2002～2007年二氧化碳强度大幅增加的主要原因是能耗强度的上升,能耗结构、部门结构和行业结构虽有负向贡献但相对较小.此外,各工业行业的二氧化碳强度普遍呈上升趋势,主要资源型工业行业的规模扩张和技术滞后是新疆工业二氧化碳减排的重要制约因素.     

Does services liberalization benefit manufacturing firms?: Evidence from the Czech Republic

While there is considerable empirical evidence on the impact of liberalizing trade in goods, the effects of services liberalization have not been empirically established. This study examines the link between services sector reforms and the productivity of manufacturing industries relying on services inputs. Several aspects of services liberalization are considered, namely, the presence of foreign providers, privatization and the level of competition. The results, based on firm-level data from the Czech Republic, show a positive relationship between services sector reform and the performance of domestic firms in downstream manufacturing sectors. Allowing foreign entry into services industries appears to be the key channel through which services liberalization contributes to improved performance of manufacturing sectors. This finding is supported by evidence that foreign acquisitions of Czech services providers result in profound changes in the labor productivity and sales of acquired firms. As most barriers to foreign investment today are not in goods but in services sectors, the findings of this study may strengthen the argument for reform in this area.     

B2C网站的构建与运营策略研究

随着网络的发展和顾客消费方式的转变,我国的网络购物用户数目呈现快速增长的态势。很多企业都在试图迎合这部分需求,扩展自身市场份额。本文分析了目前B2C市场的状况,探讨了B2C网站的优势,提出了网站构建及运营的相关策略。     

Conflict handling, trust and commitment in outsourcing relationship: A Chinese and Indian study

This paper presents a theoretical and empirical model that identifies conflict handling typologies which affect trust and commitment in B2B outsourcing relationship. Three typologies of conflict handling namely integrating, accommodating and compromising were examined for their effects on trust and commitment of Chinese and Indian human resource (HR) outsourcing service providers. The paper also considered the moderating effect of culture in the relationship. Data was collected from Chinese and Indian firms providing HR outsourcing services and analyzed using factor and hierarchical multiple regression analyses. We found both similarities and dissimilarities in the outcomes of the study. Specifically, conflict handling styles are significantly associated with trust and commitment. Trust mediates in the association of conflict handling styles with commitment. The impact of compromising conflict handling on trust and commitment is moderated by culture — significantly higher for the Chinese service providers compared to the Indians. Culture has also a direct impact on commitment but not on trust. Theoretical, cultural and managerial implications of the findings are presented.     

The impact of degenerative episodes on the sponsorship B2B relationship: Implications for brand management

Sponsorship B2B relationships generally are entered into by sponsors seeking brand-related benefits through association with a sport entity brand. Negative incidents involving athletes representing the sport entity may threaten the brands of both the sport and sponsor and can weaken or even dissolve the partnership. The management of these episodes is critical in protecting the sport entity's brand equity, as well as the sponsor's brand, and ultimately the relationship. This study explores multiple stakeholders' perspectives on these degenerative episodes and the potential relational outcomes using a series of depth interviews with major sponsors and sport entities. We identify key constructs such as attribution of blame, societal norms, zone of tolerance and perceived severity which influence whether this behavior acts as a degenerative episode in the relationship. Factors such as existing relationship quality and episode management can affect the impact on the relationship as well as the extent of relational change.     

Critically evaluating the IMP research contribution

The IMP Group established itself as a loose, informal and eclectic and research group spread across Europe initially that wished to be independent and had little respect for professors. They wanted funding but not to be pursued for progress reports. They wished to challenge all basic assumptions long taken for granted and sought to test them empirically. In this respect, they were eccentric but also effective. Yet some of the priorities with which they started, have, over time, fallen somewhat by the wayside such as the work on internationalisation. Interaction, networks and adaptation continue to receive attention but less is paid to internationalisation and yet this together with the notion of repeated transactions to be viewed now as relationships and the practice of investing in customers formed part of the ground breaking five country study which made the IMP brand first known. The explanatory power of this IMP interaction model and its use of case studies was new and exciting and led to academic and practitioner reflection on what was actually taking place within end use sectors, which constituted yet another IMP contribution to knowledge. Overall, IMP has been concerned with the longer term perspective not the issues that needed quick solutions but the strategic issues in this real dynamic world in which we live, where change is ever present. IMP has established a tradition of challenging, investigating, sharing and discussing findings and it places a priority on its doctoral consortium as a means of ensuring that these streams of consciousness will remain before us all for years to come.     

Does the worldwide shift of FDI from manufacturing to services accelerate economic growth? A GMM estimation study

We examine the effect of manufacturing and service FDI (foreign direct investment) on their own sector growth, the spillover to the other sectors and the overall economy in host countries. We identify significant sectoral and inter-industry spillover effects with various data classifications and types of FDI flows. Evidence reveals that growth effect of manufacturing FDI operates by stimulating activity in its own (manufacturing) sector and is prevalent in Latin America-Caribbean, in Europe-Central Asia, middle to low-income countries and economies with large industry share. A surge of service FDI is likely to spur growth in service industries but hurt activity in manufacturing industries. Financial service FDI enhances growth in South-East Asia and the Pacific, high income countries and service-based economies by stimulating activity in both manufacturing and service sectors. However, nonfinancial service FDI drains resources and hurts manufacturing industry in the same group of countries. We conclude that a shift from manufacturing to service FDI is likely to lead to deindustrialization in certain regions and types of economies if this shift is spearheaded by nonfinancial FDI.     

The role of securitization in mortgage renegotiation

We study the effects of securitization on renegotiation of distressed residential mortgages over the current financial crisis. Unlike prior studies, we employ unique data that directly observe lender renegotiation actions and cover more than 60% of the U.S. mortgage market. Exploiting within-servicer variation in these data, we find that bank-held loans are 26–36% more likely to be renegotiated than comparable securitized mortgages (4.2–5.7% in absolute terms). Also, modifications of bank-held loans are more efficient: conditional on a modification, bank-held loans have 9% lower post-modification default rates (3.5% in absolute terms). Our findings support the view that frictions introduced by securitization create a significant challenge to effective renegotiation of residential loans. We also provide evidence supporting the affordability focus of recent policy actions, such as the Home Affordability Modification Program.     

The use of bank lines of credit in corporate liquidity management: A review of empirical evidence

This paper reviews empirical evidence on the use of bank lines of credit as a source of corporate liquidity. Traditional explanation for lines of credit is that they provide insurance against liquidity shocks, in much the same as way hoarding cash does. However, recent empirical research suggests that access to lines of credit is contingent on the credit quality of the borrower as well as the financial condition of the lender. These findings suggest that lines of credit are an imperfect substitute for cash as a source of corporate liquidity.     

Hometown advantage: The effects of monitoring institution location on financial reporting discretion

We examine the impact of institutional ownership on financial reporting discretion, focusing on whether the impact varies with institutions' cost of acquiring monitoring information. Using geographic distance between the firm and the institutional investor as a proxy for the cost of acquiring monitoring information, we find that corporate managers are less likely to use financial reporting discretion in the presence of local monitoring institutions than distant monitoring institutions. We also find that the impact of monitoring institutions on financial reporting discretion varies with the costs and benefits of financial reporting discretion.