我国对外投资发展阶段的实证分析

近年来,我国在吸收国际直接投资的同时,也逐渐开始对外进行投资。本文利用投资发展路径理论,分析研究了中国近几年国际直接投资流入和流出的情况,指出中国正处于投资发展路径理论的第二阶段,而且在积极地向第三阶段转变。本文又通过横截面数据分析了不同地区和省份的投资发展路径所处阶段。最后就吸收外资和对外直接投资的发展提出一些对策。     

中国卷烟企业竞争力分析

笔者在企业竞争力和供应链竞争力定义的基础上,综合各种有关竞争力的理论,归纳出本文研究的理论分析范式;从环境视角出发的竞争环境分析范式;从市场视角出发的市场竞争均衡范式;从厂商视角出发的基于能力的厂商竞争范式。在此理论范式的基础上,分析了竞争力与核心能力、竞争优势、竞争战略、竞争行为之间的关系,提出了中国卷烟企业竞争优势的取得过程。     

The Interface Between FDI and the Development of Natural-Resource-Rich Regions

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to develop a theoretical framework for analysing the connections between foreign direct investments (FDI) and the development of the natural-resource-rich regions. In order to understand the link between FDI and regional development, we need to consider two perspectives at least: those of the investor companies and the developing region. The theoretical framework is built up from a combination of the eclectic paradigm (OLI framework) from international business and the Canadian Staple Theory (CST) from the discipline of economic geography. As it stands, the framework is encouraging in terms of promoting a better understanding of the context and content of inward and outward FDIs in resource-rich regions. This will be illustrated by means of two cases, the Ukrainian/Swiss investment (Donbass-Duferco) in the Hungarian iron and steel company Dunaferr in 2004 and the much-criticized Sakhalin-2 project of the Sakhalin Energy Investment Company (SEIC) in the oil and gas industry.     

Understanding the changes in accounting thought

Financial accounting and reporting are in the midst of one of the most significant revolutionary changes in modern history. The purpose of this paper is to provide a framework that will contribute to the dialogue surrounding these developments. We use Kuhn’s [Kuhn, T. S. (1970). The structure of scientific revolutions. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press] framework on the theory of scientific revolution to describe how changes in the need for information, coupled with the lack of relevant accounting information, led to reporting anomalies that have spurred a revolutionary shift in accounting paradigms. We are moving from an accounting paradigm that existed in the age of an industrial economy to an accounting paradigm that fits the economy in an information age. This redirection has resulted in the following: a change in the conceptualization and application of relevance and reliability, an increased use of fair value versus historical cost measurements, a renewed emphasis on principles versus rules, and an evaluation of the composition of the basic financial statements.     

“近代化”范式中的中国公益慈善史研究:一个述评框架

改革前,在一元化体制高度亢进的背景下,一方面,慈善史研究长期缺位,这并不说明\"进化史学\"本身出现了\"范式\"危机,而说明常规科学赖以存在的公民社会基础根本无法形成,因此我们陷入了\"前范式\"危机,归根结底,就是不受约束的权力对学术严厉控制、肆意扭曲的制度危机;另一方面,国家化的\"公益\"动员也造成了灾难,这并不说明公益膨胀导致了私权利灾难,而说明任何现代权力/利主体（不管是公共权力还是私人权利）都没有存在的空间,因此我们陷入了特权带来的灾难,归根结底,就是国家主义膨胀下公益与私益\"同归于尽\"的制度灾难。改革后,随着一元化控制的松动,一方面,市场与社会的力量开始发育;另一方面,公益慈善史研究开始兴起,在海外汉学的影响下,逐渐被纳入到褒义\"近代化\"范式中去。从方法论的角度来看,学界对中国公益慈善史的研究大致可以划分为\"人文主义—科学主义\"、\"停滞观—进化观\"两对理想类型,以此为基础,形成了四种完全不同的研究倾向,即儒教慈善\"停滞\"观—西化式\"现代化\"论、传统慈善\"进化\"观—中国式\"近代早期\"论、民间公益的\"公共领域论\"以及\"国家高度渗透社会论\"。上述论争对我们的启示在于,首先,研究可以有偏好,制度不应存偏见,因此,争取多元化的制度环境,应当成为各派学者共同持守的底线。其次,主义可以拿来,问题还须土产,因此,应当从\"走出前现代\"而不是从\"反思现代性\"的本土问题背景出发,去看待中国公益慈善史的研究价值。再次,人性上的普世伦理与制度上的特殊差异是两个问题:一方面,应认同\"普世人性无高下之分\",因此要反对那种把中国人与西方人作为两种类型的\"文化比较—国民性优劣论\";另一方面,应看到\"制度有优劣之别\",因此,要把公益慈善史纳入到不同的制度环境下进行比较分析。最后,尊重权威但不迷信权威,应当从彼此对立的现有各学派所共同认同的\"理论预设\"中,找到他们共同的缺陷,尝试新的解释模式,建立新的理论框架。     

全球经济危机形势下的企业发展——2009年中国首届比较管理研讨会观点综述

中国首届比较管理研讨会期间,与会者就我国企业如何应对此次全球性经济危机、比较管理的研究范式等相关问题展开深度研讨。本文对此次研讨会的发起、主要议题及与会者的主要观点进行了概要介绍,并综述了当前经济形势与危机应对、比较管理的研究范式与方法、比较管理专题三大类问题。     

Perceptions of farmers on health risks and risk reduction measures in wastewater‐irrigated urban vegetable farming in Ghana

This paper draws upon the social science literature to evaluate whether materialist/post‐materialist, environmental, and scientific/technological worldviews predict levels of support for biotechnology applications. The novelty of this research is two‐fold: 1) it incorporates the post‐materialist hypothesis in risk perception models, and 2) it evaluates the effects of the these three worldviews simultaneously. Data from a regional southwest telephone survey in the United States conducted in Spring 2004 were used to investigate whether these three worldviews were related to support of various animal and plant biotechnology applications. The results illustrated that post‐materialist values were not significantly related to support for animal or plant biotechnology applications. However, environmental and science and technology measures were related to support. One of the new ecological paradigm items, “humans have the right to modify nature,” was consistently related to support for animal and plant biotechnology applications, and anti‐anthropocentric values were related to support for two plant applications. General attitudes toward science and technology were related to support for both animal and plant biotechnology applications. The results provide evidence that perceptions of these applications are multi‐dimensional and that respondents conceptualize animal and plant biotechnology applications differently.     

基于顾客视角的品牌资产研究综述及展望

随着市场营销理论的发展,品牌资产研究也不断深入。4C理论的兴起影响了顾客视角品牌资产的研究,关系营销的兴起又使得顾客视角的品牌资产研究从认知范式转向关系范式,跨学科研究使得更多研究者运用其他学科理论研究顾客视角品牌资产,中国学者对顾客视角的品牌资产进行了跨文化检验和本土化研究,但目前在网络经济等领域中,品牌资产研究依然存在着不足。     

Paradigms and entrepreneurial networks–some methodological challenges

The use of network approaches to gain an understanding of business behaviour in general, and entrepreneurial action in particular, has increased. Research into entrepreneurial networking, however, varies considerably depending upon paradigmatic assumptions. In deterministic contexts networks mainly represent restrictions while in voluntaristic settings the network is the very instrument by which new ventures are realized. A subjectivist approach thus seems to be most able to exploit the potentials of the network metaphor in entrepreneurship research since venturing means organizing through personal networking. Yet both quantitative and qualitative tools may be adopted when mapping and interpreting the characteristics of entrepreneurial networks.