Influence of International Trade Agreements on International Business: A Conceptual Model

The article provides a conceptual model, developed from analyzing over fifty trade agreement related research studies published during the last decade, which allows international business scholars to explore the influence of trade agreements (custom unions, free trade agreements, preferential trade agreements, regional trade agreements) on foreign market entry strategies. This model is an attempt to develop IB theory to address the current research gap in this very narrow but important allied field. Empirical findings generated by interviewing dairy produce exporters in New Zealand reveal a remarkable connection between TAs and IB, with TAs found to influence the regulative environment of participating countries, which may in turn reduce the regulative distance between member nations. The contribution provides a basis for IB researchers to explore this connection in multiple industries/countries.     

世界贸易组织(WTO)协议对中国进境物品征税制度的影响——由一台iPad引发的思考

2010年,中国海关总署根据2010年第54号公告对作为进境物品的iPad征收每台1000元人民币的进口税,在社会上引起了极大争议。本文从分析此次事件出发,重点研究货物和物品在进出境监管中的区别以及两者征税制度的特点,进而讨论WTO协议对中国进境物品征税制度的影响及相应对策。     

浅谈计算机软件工程管理

通过对软件产品特点的分析，讨论软件工程管理可能涉及的人员、组织机构、用户。控制、文档资料等内容。本文描述了软件生命周期的六个阶段，证明了软件工程管理的重要性，在管理中，最重要的是对人员的管理和分配。     

保障措施存在的合理性及其在全球贸易中的应用

在全球关税和非关税壁垒大幅降低的情况下,保障措施已成为进口国保护弱势产业的一种新的合法有效方式。通过对保障措施存在的合理性以及实施保障措施的条件进行剖析,分析了WTO成立后,保障措施在全球贸易中的应用状况及国外对中国产品实施保障措施的情况,认为保障措施是一把双刃剑,进口国在决定是否实施时,应综合多方面的情况,权衡利弊得失。     

宽带薪酬:企业薪酬管理柔性化的新趋势

随着经济环境的日益多变,企业正逐渐变革传统的机械式组织结构,追求整个组织的扁平化.相应的,一些企业开始推行更具柔性的宽带薪酬体系.与传统薪酬体系相比,宽带薪酬压缩了薪酬等级数量,增大同级薪酬的变动范围,为员工提供了更宽的横向发展路径.而宽带薪酬的有效实施,依赖于完善的企业绩效管理.     

员工的活性化与活性化的组织

职工队伍的活性化（empowerment)是全面质量管理中最为重要的概念之一，是职工参与的一种高级形式。活性化是指这样一种状态，即被激活的职工在规定的限度内，具有做决定和采取行动的知识、技能、职权和欲望。使组织的成员活性化是实现组织目标的关键举措之一。 本文着重讨论了活性化的含义、活性化组织的特征以及组织实现活性的各种途径。     

Artificial worlds and economics,part I

In this and a companion paper (Lane 1993), I describe a class of models, called artificial worlds (AWs), that are designed to give insight into a process called emergent hierarchical organization (EHO). This paper introduces the ideas of EHO and AWs and discusses some of the interferential problems involved in trying to learn about EHO by constructing and studying the properties of AWs. It concludes by introducing two abstract AWs that address important general problems in EHO: the relation between structure and function, and the dynamics of evolutionary processes. The companion paper will discuss several AWs expressly designed to model particular economic phenomena.     

How to motivate your older employees to excel? The impact of commitment on older employees’ performance in the hospitality industry

This study examined the relationship between employee age and performance, defined as in-role performance and organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB), using a sample of 599 hospitality employees from Hong Kong. Results of a regression analysis indicated a negative relationship between age and in-role and OCB. We also examined whether organizational commitment is a necessary condition for older workers to perform well. Findings indicated that organizational commitment moderated the relationship between age and work performance, such that the relationships were strong and negative only when commitment was low.     

组织创新与管理会计形成与发展的相关性

管理会计作为决策支持系统,侧重于为企业内部经营管理服务,它的产生与发展对组织结构的变迁具有依附性。本文通过探讨组织创新与管理会计形成与发展的相关性,指出管理会计未来发展方向。     

我国政府农村扶贫中的组织效率问题分析

本文通过建立监督博弈模型。对我国中央政府和地方政府之间的委托代理关系选行博弈分析，并以此判断我国目前政府扶贫的组织效率，认为目前政府扶贫效率低下的一个主要原因是。扶贫体制的组织效率低下。进而建议中央政府应采取提高监督效率、增加惩罚力度和实行激励等措施，以有效提高政府扶贫的组织效率。