The negative spillover effect of food crises on restaurant firms: Did Jack in the Box really recover from an E. coli scare?

Despite the enormous impact of food crises on restaurants, limited understanding of their long-term impacts and associated factors has undermined crisis managers’ ability to handle crisis situations effectively. This article investigated the long-term impact of food crises on the financial performance of restaurant firms and identified the factors that influenced this impact. This explanatory study examined the case of Jack in the Box, whose 1993 Escherichia coli scare was the first and largest restaurant-associated food crisis in modern times. An event study method was used to uncover stock price movements of Jack in the Box, in conjunction with 73 unrelated food crises that occurred from 1994 to 2010. Stock prices of Jack in the Box exhibited significantly negative responses to other firms’ food crises, moreover, the negative spillover effect was stronger if the crisis occurred closer in time, was similar in nature, and was accompanied with no recall execution. These findings shed light on the long-term financial impact of food crises and offer insights for crisis managers to develop more effective crisis management strategies.     

高校科技创新、技术溢出与区域技术进步——基于2002~2014 年数据的实证研究

本文运用Eviews7.2 软件,采用面板数据模型实证研究了高校科技创新对我国区域技术进步的影响,得到了面板数据回归结果。结果表明,高校R&D 人员投入和专利技术产出对中部和西部地区的技术进步起着显著的促进作用,R&D 经费投入对中部、西部及东北地区的技术进步起着阻碍作用,同时科技论文产出对区域技术进步的影响不显著。这表明高校应当改革传统的以论文数量、科研经费为导向的高校科研考核制度,改进和完善科研评价体系,加强人才队伍建设,整合人才资源,形成优秀的科研团队,同时要加强产学研合作,建立企业与高校之间的信息平台,从而实现信息交流和资源共享,促进高校的科技成果向企业转化。     

能源碳排放与环境污染空间效应研究——基于能源强度与技术进步视角的空间杜宾计量模型

本文基于空间环境库兹涅茨曲线理论探讨经济发展约束下能源强度和技术进步对大气环境的空间效应作用机理,采用探索性空间分析工具、经典最小二乘估计（OLS）、空间滞后模型（SLM）、空间误差模型（SEM）和空间杜宾--可拓展随机性环境影响评估模型（Spatial Durbin-STIRPAT Models）探索能源碳排放与大气环境污染的空间格局和空间溢出效应。实证估计结果表明,能源碳排放与空气环境污染在空间分布上表现出空间正相关性和空间集聚效应;能源强度与技术进步对能源碳排放与大气环境的空间溢出效应显著。在此基础上提出了相应的政策建议。     

集群企业产品差异与技术创新溢出效应

产业集群中的企业技术创新行为,由于受产业集群特性的影响,表现出与一般企业技术创新明显不同的特征,其中较重要的一点是产品差异化程度和溢出效应对企业技术创新具有较明显的影响。本文以D’Aspremont与Jacqueminde的技术研发博弈模型为基础,采用斯潘斯（Spence）和迪克塞特（Dixit）的有产品差异化的反需求函数,建立起集群企业技术创新的动态博弈模型,具体分析了集群企业的产品差异化程度、技术溢出效应对集群企业研发投资的影响,并从中得出一些有价值的结论。     

普惠金融对产业结构升级的作用机制与效应研究

在深化金融供给侧改革的背景下,基于2008—2019年中国省级数据,研究普惠金融发展与产业结构升级之间的关系,揭示普惠金融对产业结构升级的直接效应和空间溢出效应,并借助中介效应模型探究直接效应的作用路径。研究表明普惠金融可以通过人力资本积累、促进技术创新和提高资源配置效率三条路径推动产业结构升级,并且可以基于地理和经济联系对产业结构升级产生正向空间溢出效应。因此建立系统化的长期性政策保障体系,推动普惠金融发展,有利于推进产业结构升级进程,促进经济高质量发展。     

Does Foreign Direct Investment Affect the Growth of Local Firms？ The Case of China＇s Electrical and Electronics Industry

Does foreign direct investment(FDI) into developing countries affect the growth of local firms in host countries? Using a dataset of 38 sectors in China’s electrical and electronics industry,in this paper,we analyze whether FDI has a positive effect on local firms,with technology spillovers,added value and increasing total factor productivity,or a negative, market stealing,effect.Estimating the relationship between growth of local firms and investment of foreign firms,our results show that FDI is likely to have a negative impact on the growth of local firms in sectors with large disparities in technology and less experience in business.Therefore,local firms lacking in technology need to find markets with no competition from foreign firms or determine strategies to compensate technology disparities.     

对外直接投资逆向技术溢出与全球农业价值链地位提升——基于G20国家的经验研究

中国农业处于全球农业价值链的"微笑曲线"谷底,长期遭受不平等待遇。对农产品出口技术复杂度所作的测算显示,相对于G20国家而言,中国农业在全球农业价值链地位并不高,且与最高国家差距呈现逐渐扩大的趋势。对G20国家农业OFDI数据所作的面板回归表明,农业OFDI存在溢出效应,能够提升母国农业出口贸易品技术含量,且其提升需要"学习过程"。此外,农业FDI对出口贸易品技术含量的影响具有滞后性。据此,研究认为,中国为了实现全球农业价值链地位的攀升,应该进一步鼓励农业企业"走出去";改善农业投资环境,为外商直接投资创造条件;提高对外开放程度,为农业发展提供支持;推动金融体制改革,提高国内金融服务发展程度。     

Determinants of reverse marketing knowledge transfer potential from emerging market subsidiaries to multinational enterprises’ headquarters

Emerging markets (EM) are becoming increasingly important for multinational enterprises because of their high growth potential and future prospects. The unique circumstances in EM lead to increased pressure to offer creative marketing solutions that can be leveraged across the multinational network. Setting up subsidiaries to tap into these markets offers companies the opportunity to integrate in the local community and access its knowledge-base for local and global innovations. Literature, however, reveals that EM subsidiaries have been largely ignored concerning their potential for reverse knowledge transfer (RKT), and marketing initiatives are expected to be developed in mature, developed markets. Our paper fills this gap in research and contributes to extant literature by identifying factors at unit, relationship and knowledge levels influencing RKT potential specific to marketing knowledge from EM subsidiaries. The conceptual discussion leads to study propositions and conceptual framework.     

对FDI技术溢出效应的实证研究——以广州为例

外商直接投资的技术溢出效应对东道国的经济发展有着持久性的推动作用。本文结合广州利用外资的实际情况,在柯布—道格拉斯生产函数的基础上建立模型。回归分析结果表明,外商直接投资对广州有着正向的技术溢出效应。在此基础上,本文就如何提高广州吸收技术溢出效应能力提出相应的政策建议。     

区域因素与外商直接投资技术外溢——浙江的实证检验

基于外商直接投资(Foreign Direct Investment,FDI)在浙江城市分布表现出较大差异的事实,运用11个城市的工业数据,研究了技术外溢效应与地区经济、社会变量的关系。回归结果表明:省域层面上浙江FDI整体技术外溢效应不明显;政府科技研发投入、人力资本、基础设施、重工业产值比重、国有经济比重等因素与FDI技术外溢存在正相关关系;更新改造投资比例与对外开放度两因素与FDI技术外溢存在负相关关系。在对回归结果分析的基础上提出了若干政策建议。