Managerial,organizational, and external drivers of sales effectiveness in export market ventures

The authors extend sales management theory by considering the role of export sales management in small- and medium-sized firms, and they develop an integrated model of export sales organization effectiveness. Specifically, the authors test 16 hypotheses that examine the relationships among export sales management control, export territory, psychic distance, export sales performance, and export sales organization effectiveness. Using a mail-survey approach, data were collected from U.K.-based export sales managers in 146 direct exporters of industrial products. Though certain anomalies are observed, the research findings support many of the hypothesized associations, confirming the robustness of existing sales management concepts and theories in an export-marketing context.

Keeping Public Institutions Invested in Tobacco

Increasingly through the 1990s, tobacco control advocates questioned the practice of public institutions investing in tobacco company stocks. The questioning was framed in at least three ways. First, is it ethical to fund public expenditures with profits from a product that causes addiction and disease? Second, is it sound social policy to derive public income from a product that increases healthcare costs and reduces worker productivity? Finally, is it sound fiscal policy to invest in an historically profitable industry facing multiplying legal and regulatory challenges? While the tobacco industry preferred to restrict discussion to the fiscal question, and offered an affirmative answer, its position was weakened by depressed stock prices brought on by actions of the industry as much as by tobacco control activism. As part of a campaign to restore its credibility as an investment vehicle with public fund managers, Philip Morris (PM) commissioned a report from the influential investment managers/advisors Wilshire Associates. However, Wilshire had only recently conducted such a study for the Washington State Investment Board (WSIB), assuring the board that the value tobacco stocks added to an investment portfolio – if any – was too small to be measured. Nonetheless, within a year, Wilshire produced a report for PM which appeared to laud the investment value of tobacco and to dismiss tobacco-excluded investment alternatives. This paper examines how Wilshire produced apparently diametrically opposed reports for clients with different interests. It reveals a pattern of potential conflicts of interest among tobacco companies, financial analysis firms, investment authorities, and institutional fund managers. It demonstrates substantial violations of two generally accepted ethical principles of business consulting: veracity and transparency.     

浙江省各县市服务业吸收劳动力情况的实证研究

服务业是未来吸收劳动力的主要途径。文章主要通过聚类分析将浙江省各县市按照本地劳动力在服务业的分配分成几类,然后再分别对这几类的数据进行主成分分析,找出它们在服务业领域的比较优势,进而根据分析结果得出结论。浙江省的各个县市在服务业发展方面都具有各自的潜力与主要发展方向,未来浙江省的三大产业比重会调整到“三、二、一”的局面,服务业在吸收劳动力方面将发挥更加巨大的作用。     

私利与公益的协调是可能的吗——斯蒂芬·杨“道德资本主义”经济伦理观解析

经济伦理学要追求私利与公益的和谐的、协调的统一。斯蒂芬.杨提出以道德资本主义的经济伦理观来有效协调两者的关系,对人们颇有启发。道德资本主义提倡将私利投入公益,践行者要有＂考虑整体的自我利益＂的意识。现实经济生活中有效地结合了私利与公益的成功企业,对于终结贫困的重大价值,道德资本主义本身所具有的最佳结合了超越性之理想与现实性之欲念的特点等为道德资本主义提供了可能性。考克斯原则是目前全球范围内践行道德资本主义的范例。但是,道德资本主义要真正落到实处还必须大力培养有原则的商业领导。     

生态危机语境下的林业院校生态伦理教育

21世纪是我国社会经济资源和环境进入可持续发展良性循环的世纪,生态伦理教育是解决生态危机和建设生态文明的重要途径。林业院校大学生作为新生社会生产力的中坚力量,其生态道德的水平和观念决定着我们民族的发展和未来。生态危机语境下对大学生开展生态伦理教育有利于使大学生确立生态危机和环境保护参与意识,培养对大自然的敬畏之感与欣赏之情,引导他们做一个保护生态、尊重生命、善待自然和适度消费的理性生态人。     

环境美学与环境伦理学的关系

在中国伦理型文化精神的影响下,美学与伦理学关系密切。但是时下的部分学者无形中却在环境问题上将美学与伦理学相割裂。在他们看来,环境美学关注的是美化问题,而环境伦理学关乎的是功用。环境美学与环境伦理学相关吗？环境美学与环境伦理学关系密切,不仅环境美的存在离不开环境伦理学的理论支持,而且环境伦理学的拓展也离不开环境审美而来的感性冲动。在环境问题的解决中,环境美学与环境伦理学必须联手。环境美学与环境伦理学建立联系意义重大：有助于克服传统美学中美善相分的形式主义倾向;通过环境审美伦理学的建立,实现环境伦理学与环境美学的双向拓展。环境美学与环境伦理学的汇通之处在于敬畏、同情与体验性参予。     

论提升执行力内涵、存在问题及方法途径

执行力就是生命力。执行力有着极其丰富的内涵,本文查摆了执行力存在问题,分析了根源,提出了四个方面的方法途径:即要树立正确的执行理念;要用学习创新的成果充实执行力;要用科学管用的制度保障执行力;要用实际成效检验执行力。     

论我国市场经济条件下现代企业伦理的价值取向

随着我国市场经济体制建设的推进,经济发展取得了举世瞩目的成就。企业作为社会经济的细胞,是促进经济可持续发展的动力和源泉。但近年来种种假冒伪劣、污染环境等不良企业行为的发生,严重影响了社会经济秩序,需要我们加强对现代企业伦理问题的研究,树立"以人为本"、"诚信至上"、"保护环境"的价值取向,进一步推动企业的可持续发展,为全面建设小康社会服务。     

民办医学生医德教育浅析

在我市朝着建设＂药都＂的方向大步迈进的同时,民办医学院校纷纷兴起并不断发展来培养更多的医学人才为我们目标的实现添砖加瓦。在更多的学生实现他们的医生梦想的过程中,接受思想教育是必需的,且其中的医德教育尤为重要。本文对医德教育的重要性和如何加强民办医学生医德教育加以探讨,以期使未来的医务工作者能够恪守职业道德,践行医德规范。