浅议网络时代的财务管理

21世纪是网络的世纪,随着高科技信息时代——网络时代的到来,全球信息处理网络化将成为历史发展的必然趋势。互联网的出现不仅给全球经济和社会带来了巨大变革,也给企业创造了无限商机,推动企业经营走向电子商务,而作为电子商务重要组成部分之一的网络化会计信息系统也随之产生,网络财务将成为企业财务管理发展的必然趋势。在我国,实际工作中存在许多制约网络财务发展的瓶颈问题需要解决,文章就此进行探讨并提出相应对策。     

东北老工业基地物流标准体系的构建研究

东北老工业基地的发展要求有快速高效的物流产业做支撑,而现有物流标准的多样性无法满足物流产业的发展需要,急需建立规范统一的物流标准体系.本文旨在枸建较为健全的中国东北老工业基地的物流标准体系,推动物流标准化战略,促进东北老工业基地物流体系效率的提高和物流产业的发展.     

中国人口性别比偏高的成因与影响分析

中国的人口性别比自20世纪80年代已经超过106的警戒线,近十几年来婴儿出生性别比过高的趋势有进一步加剧的倾向。拟从影响人口性别比的三个方面即婴儿出生性别比、两性保存几率的差异和人口迁移,特别是婴儿出生性别比方面分析中国人口性别比偏高的形成原因以及可能带来的社会问题,并有针对性地提出解决人口性别比偏高问题的政策建议。     

河南省粮田人口承载力影响因素的实证分析

对土地人口承载力理论的国内外研究现状进行了综述;结合前人的研究成果,选取相应指标,在协整分析的基础上,运用多元线性回归方法对河南省粮田人口承载力的影响因素进行了实证分析。结果显示:人口因素、农业劳动力生产技术水平因素和土地因素与粮田人口承载力正相关,其中人口因素的影响最大;粮食需求因素与粮田人口承载力负相关。最后提出提高河南省粮田人口承载力的政策建议。     

信息文明时代的网络清淤探究

21世纪将是信息文明的时代,网络技术发展,使信息的传递、开发、利用、更新变得更快、更科学,超过了人类社会文明进程的任何历史时期和阶段。但是,与生俱来的网络淤泥,即不良信息、电脑黑客、网络犯罪等,会妨碍有效信息传递的畅通无阻.因此,网络清淤的立法和工作,势必成为各国政府、企业、社会共同面对的一个崭新的课题。     

太原市育龄人口生育意愿调查研究

随着经济不断发展,人们的生育意愿不可避免地会随之变化。本文在问卷调查数据分析的基础上,对太原市的总体生育现状以及不同群体的生育意愿做出回答,并对影响当前育龄人口生育意愿的因素进行了分析研究,提出相应的政策建议。     

Gender difference in the impact of retirement on cognitive abilities: Evidence from urban China

This paper examines the impact of retirement on cognitive functioning by gender in urban China and investigates the underlying mechanisms. Based on data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, the paper uses the mandatory retirement ages and different policy enforcement between the public and private sectors as instruments for retirement status. The analysis finds substantial gender heterogeneity in the effect of retirement on cognition, with a positive and significant effect for males, but a negative and less significant effect for females. The beneficial effects on cognition are stronger for male blue-collar workers, who are likely to pursue a more active lifestyle at retirement. Further investigation shows that the results are partly driven by differential behavioral changes at retirement, and the gender difference in retirement ages may also play a potential role.     

Ecological Transfers in Non-Human Communities Parallel Economic Markets in a General Equilibrium Ecosystem Model

Synopsis: The oft-cited analogies between ecological and economic systems are exploited to develop a many-species model of population dynamics. In economies, markets are the fundamental institutions in which the interaction of demands and supplies determine the quantities and prices of goods. However, economic markets are not appropriate for ecological communities, because markets rely on voluntary exchange, whereas plants and animals engage in involuntary transfers of biomass. A properly defined counterpart to markets based on biomass transfers permits a general equilibrium model of predator/prey and competitive interactions in a many-species community. Functional response from optimal foraging and predation risk provide the demand and supply, respectively, in the biomass transfers. Energy per unit time is scarce and predators and prey make optimum choices with respect to functional response and risk avoidance based on required energy expenditures. The energy expenditures are similar to economic prices: they determine foraging strategies and are beyond the control of the predators and prey, yet they are determined by the aggregate choices of all predators and prey and by population densities. The energies acquired from foraging are used in a new way to construct difference equations that determine the population dynamics. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Decomposition of new venture growth into firm age,survey period and vintage effects

Firm data are accumulated on a yearly basis. In view of the linear relationship of firm age?+?foundation year?=?survey year, the fluctuations of firm data classified by age and period cannot be decomposed into age, period and cohort (foundation year) effects. Three decomposition methods are briefly reviewed and applied to Japanese data on new ventures founded since 1995. Regarding sales and employment growth, the age effect is the largest with a downward trend, and the cohort effect is negligible. Regarding labour productivity, the age effect indicates upward movements, and the cohort effect is negligible. The reason of the negligible cohort effect is discussed.     

The long breadth of cities: revisiting worldwide urbanization patterns, 1950–2030

ABSTRACT

A comparative analysis of population dynamics worldwide contributes to profile distinctive demographic and economic trajectories of urban growth, discriminating processes of settlement concentration or dispersion under sequential cycles of urbanization. However, a wide-ranging characterization of urban cycles based on demographic dynamics worldwide is still missing. The present work is aimed at filling such a gap analysing long-term changes (1950–2030) in annual population growth rate of 1691 urban agglomerations with more than 300,000 inhabitants in 74 world countries. Results of this study indicate that metropolitan growth worldwide was associated with largely variable rates of population growth, highly positive before 2000 and progressively reducing over recent decades. Despite important differences at continental (and country) scale, demographic expansion of urban agglomerations showed two contrasting phases with a break point in the 1980s denoting a progressive reduction in spatial heterogeneity of population growth rates and a moderate slowdown in demographic dynamics. Intensity of urban expansion and spatial heterogeneity in population growth rates across metropolitan agglomerations evidences a trade-off between fast and slow demographic dynamics. These findings can be better understood to support theories of sequential city growth, making a suitable contribution to policy making, especially in countries where urban population is expanding more rapidly.