非现金支付的发展及其规律性的分析

本文分析了2013年至2017年我国非现金支付发展情况及其规律性,建立了关于非现金支付工具选择偏好的模型。数据分析发现,在这段时间传统的非现金支付业务出现了较大幅度的下降,而新型的电子化支付工具迅速发展,特别是网上支付和移动支付业务规模出现爆发性增长。理论研究表明,非现金支付工具的选择主要决定于安全性、便利性和使用成本,而这三项因素又受到交易规模的影响。交易规模越大,人们对支付工具的安全性要求越高,对便利性要求越低,也可以接受付费和较高的使用成本;交易规模越小,人们对支付工具的便利性要求越高,对安全性要求降低,也不可以接受付费和较高的使用成本;在交易规模一定的情况下,越安全、越便利、使用成本越低的支付工具越能得到使用。本文建议,应将非银行支付机构的账户余额纳入M1范围,加强对非现金支付工具的统计分析,加快开发中央银行主导的新型非现金支付工具。     

农村贫困地区支付环境建设中存在的问题及建议--以吉林省长岭县为例

长岭县位于吉林省西部,国土面积5728.4平方公里。长岭全年平均风速每秒3.5米以上,是吉林省有名的贫困地区。2015年,长岭县生产总值实现300亿元,全口径财政收入实现8.2亿元,地方级财政收入实现5.6亿元;完成固定资产投资224亿元;规模以上工业总产值实现374万元,增加值实现11%。新增规模以上工业企业没有;社会消费品零售总额实现115.7亿元;城镇居民人均支配收入达到2.2万元;农民人均纯收入达到1.1万元。全县乡级行政区22个,全县村级行政区232个,农村地区人口数量53.69万人,农村地区银行网点数量60个。     

Design of financial incentives and payment schemes in healthcare systems: A review

In this paper, we review the existing studies on the design of financial incentives and payment mechanisms for healthcare service providers, which have been published in the literature of operations research & management science. We classify these studies in two ways: first, by the care provider focused on: physicians or hospitals; and next, by categorizing payment/incentive schemes as retrospective or prospective models under each care provider group. The problem setting, including the geographic background and research methodology, are briefly discussed for each paper, as are the findings with regard to accessibility, quality, efficiency, and the facilitation of integration and collaboration, if reported. We also provide a detailed discussion of potential research problems that would offer promising avenues for future study.     

网络环境下的支付行为变化风险及其防范

网络支付作为新兴的支付方式，丰富、发展、改变了人们的支付行为。本文从支付行为要素的角度出发，分析、比较网络环境下构成支付行为的基本要素所面，陆的主要风险，包括安全与效率两个方面损失的可能性。本文围绕网络支付带来的货币资金形态、网络支付指令形态及网络支付指令传输渠道等三方面的发展变化，对网络环境下支付行为发展变化带来的风险进行了综述并分别提出了相应的防范措施。     

Ecosystem services, agriculture, and rural poverty in the Eastern Brazilian Amazon: Interrelationships and policy prescriptions

Policymakers seeking to modify financial incentives to increase the flows of ecosystem services in and around tropical moist forests must consider where to focus their attention and what collection of incentives can effectively achieve policy objectives. In most cases, policymakers focus on extensively forested areas where the flows of ecosystem services between agriculture and the environment is generally characterized by massive flows of carbon and soil nutrients from forests to agriculture. In these forest margin areas the stock of primary forest is eventually exhausted and the cheap ingredients provided by nature to agriculture become increasingly scarce. At this point, policy interest generally wanes, and agriculture and the environment begin slow declines in ecosystem service exchange, often with negative consequences for rural poverty. How does one promote increased flows of ecosystem services from agricultural lands without increasing poverty when forests and soils have been depleted? Can the standard instruments, e.g., payments for ecosystem services, be effective in such situations, and if so, do the costs to society of securing these services increase? Here we focus on the flows of ecosystem services at the end of the cycle of converting primary forest to agriculture. Primary data from the Bragantina area in the southeastern Brazilian Amazon, an area cleared of primary forest decades ago, are used to characterize smallholder production systems, to describe the flows of ecosystem services into and from these systems, and to develop a bioeconomic model of smallholder agriculture capable of predicting the effects of several types of policy action on ecosystem services provided by and to agriculture, and on-farm household incomes and food self-reliance. Of particular interest is the Proambiente Pilot Program in Brazil, which uses smallholder payment schemes to induce farmers to manage land and forest resources in ways that generate more ecosystem services. Baseline results suggest that smallholder agriculture leads to a gradual loss of ecosystem services (mainly above-ground and root carbon) provided by secondary forest fallows, and that reduction in fallow age leads to reductions in plant diversity. Intensifying agricultural activities accelerates this process, but considerably increases smallholder incomes. Paying farmers for ecosystem services linked to the retention of secondary forests and the Proambiente program both increase area in forest fallow, but the latter substantially reduces farm income because of input use restrictions. In general, programs aiming to promote the production of ecosystem services should not limit farmers' choices of ways to provide them. Employment and food self-reliance issues associated with policy options for increasing on-farm stocks of carbon and plant biodiversity are also explored.     

The landscape of olive groves as a driver of the rural economy

This study evaluates how landscape changes made in order to improve the visual quality of olive groves may trigger first and second-order effects (FOEs and SOEs) on the rural economy. The choice experiment method is combined with the probability of visiting to estimate the marginal increase in recreational demand derived from the combination of three landscape elements: green cover, stone walls and woodland islets. The results suggest that the improvement of the aesthetic value of landscape (mainly through green covers and stone walls) creates a real, positive asset (due to its FOEs and SOEs) for the local economies in rural areas. The promotion of the recreational value of these areas to attract more visitors and so bring in more income could be a profitable policy, which could be implemented by hybridizing the current Agri-environmental scheme with a Payment for Ecosystem Services approach.     

基于应用导向的高职网络支付与结算课程教学内容设计

本文在对高等职业院校电子商务专业网络支付与结算课程教学现状进行简要介绍的基础上,重点提出了基于应用导向的网络支付与结算课程教学内容的优化设计,并对教学的各个模块所涉及的教学内容进行了逐一阐述,并提出了该课程教学的重难点以及突破重难点的策略。     

浅析吉林省逆支逆差差距的来源及影响因素

随着全球经济一体化进程的加速和国际金融业务的日益增多，银行结售汇、跨境收支和进出口数据已逐渐成为衡量和分析一国涉外经济发展的重要统计指标。统计范围、统计环节、统计时间的不同以及经济活动中复杂多变的各种因素，导致三者始终存在一定差距。本文以吉林省涉外经济发展为研究背景，通过理论与实证分析探讨了吉林省对外贸易中逆支逆差差距的主要来源以及影响其变动的主要因素。     

行业变革下理财子公司的机遇和挑战

随着资管新规、理财新规和理财子公司管理办法的相继颁布,我国资产管理行业迎来了重大的变革。2019年,理财子公司陆续成立,作为一种全新的资产管理机构,因为体量大、背景深,对整个资管行业将产生重大影响。理财子公司成立于行业发生重大变革的背景下,面临着经营模式转型、关系重新定位、人才系统欠缺、能力亟待提升等方面的挑战,但同时也有市场机遇、政策机遇和转型机遇等方面的有利条件。面对行业变革带来的机遇和挑战,理财子公司要通过做好自身定位、打造合作共赢生态圈、建设三大体系、构筑四大基础,为客户和企业提供一站式金融服务。     

我国的移动支付问题浅析

移动支付是在交易活动中以手机作为支付手段,即将手机与信用卡号码链接起来通过手机代替信用卡来支付交易费用,它具有方便、安全、成本低廉等优势,但目前的消费观念、技术支持、利益分配、手续繁杂等多种因索制约了移动支付的快速发展。