Hair-brained or great-hair business? : Assessing alternative markets and product-service designs for successful startups by small-retail entrepreneurs

Deborah Lunt had wanted to see a business building with her name on it since she was thirteen years old. She now wanted to build upon the reputation that she had earned through her twenty years in the hair-care industry. She decided to move from the upscale streets of Boston to the suburbs where she felt she could provide a more relaxed and personalized ambience. Deborah excels in hair cutting, color, styling, and her perceptiveness of what her clients want. She built her entire clientele through word-of-mouth and even after she relocated to the Boston suburbs, her clients continued to travel long distances to obtain her services. As Deborah sat in her office one day sipping mineral water between her appointments, she wondered how she could grow her client base. She started day dreaming and was suddenly brought back to the present with the “ding dong” at the door, and one of her clients and friend, a marketing professor at a nearby university, walked in for her monthly appointment. As Deborah cut and styled her client's hair, she shared her thoughts and dreams with her. The professor knew that Deborah was ambitious and hardworking, and that if she had a clear marketing plan, she could succeed in growing her business. The professor also knew that, although Deborah had left her job at an upscale hair salon in a high-end retailing location in the city (the most expensive street for shopping in Boston) to startup her own business, Deborah had done so without a written plan and only a vague vision for the future. The professor suggested to Deborah that she needed to put some effort into developing a viable written marketing plan.     

投资风格、意见分歧与股票流动性——来自股票网络社区数据挖掘的证据

文章挖掘网络平台上投资者发帖的文本数据并使用Python语言编写情感分析程序，在区分价值型投资和技术型投资风格的基础上，建立了投资者的群体内意见分歧、跨群体意见分歧指标，并分析意见分歧程度对股票流动性的影响效应。实证表明：不同投资风格的投资者群体内意见分歧的程度有显著差异，价值型投资者群内意见分歧程度要高于技术型投资者；投资者的群体内意见分歧和跨群体意见分歧都与个股流动性水平呈现显著的负相关关系，也即投资者对个股看法的对立程度越高则个股的流动性水平越低，而且两者对流动性的影响具有较强的独立性；进一步的，意见分歧对流动性的影响效应会受到卖空限制的影响，随着卖空限制的减轻，这种影响效应显著增强。这些结论表明，单纯增加信息量并提高信息传播效率，并不一定能完全改善股票流动性水平，投资者的意见分歧既是现实情境，又可能会导致股票流动性的异动，进而影响股票市场的稳定。     

团队领导风格与团队学习能力关系实证研究

从理论上分析两种团队领导风格（变革型领导风格和交易型领导风格）与团队学习能力9种分能力的具体关系,提出相应的5个理论假设,并通过问卷调查和统计分析,对理论假设进行了实证检验。研究表明,变革型领导风格和交易型领导风格均对团队学习能力有正向影响,但两种领导风格对9种学习分能力的影响各有侧重。同时,要构建卓越的团队学习能力,交易型领导风格不可或缺。     

日本企业管理变革与经济伦理承接背景分析

日本企业管理体现浓重的经济伦理特点,原因是多方面的。儒家思想与西方功利价值观的东西文化合壁奠定了日本企业管理的经济伦理基础;民族利益价值观为其经济伦理提供了政治保障：较深的本体论认识提供了日本企业经济伦理本质定位;Z理论是注重经济伦理范式的实践执行;历史经验是经济伦理对国民经济整体素质的价值体现。从经济伦理视角探研日本式企业管理,对中国企业管理水平的提升具有重要的理论及现实意义。     

晋升激励与经济发展

在中国式改革和发展的过程中,对地方官员的晋升激励扮演了重要的角色,这一视角对理解中国的经济增长及其中存在的诸多问题提供了新颖而重要的认识。本文在对现有文献的把握基础上,综述式地梳理出一个晋升激励与经济发展的分析框架,并将这一框架运用到对转轨经济中若干现象的理解当中,对若干经济现象给予系统解释。得到的一个重要认识是,政府主导型经济中的相对绩效考核激励机制与长期绩效之间存在两难冲突,政治治理结构中晋升激励的应用构成了中国经济增长的重要来源,但也带来了高昂的发展代价。在此基础上,本文提供了一些可改进的建议并展望了未来的研究方向。     

核心企业领导风格、网络承诺对网络绩效的影响

核心企业对于网络的运行与发展起着决定性作用,而网络承诺作为维系网络合作的一个重要变量,逐渐引起了学者们的关注。梳理了核心企业领导风格的相关研究,界定了网络承诺的概念内涵,建立了核心企业领导风格、网络承诺与网络绩效之间的理论模型并提出相关假设,通过问卷收集数据进行了验证。研究结果表明：核心企业的变革型领导风格和交易型领导风格对网络承诺有正向影响;网络承诺对网络关系绩效和创新绩效都有积极影响;核心企业交易型领导风格对网络创新绩效有正向影响,对网络关系绩效有倒U型影响;核心企业变革型领导风格对网络关系绩效有正向影响;对创新绩效的倒U型影响则没有得到验证。     

社会网络强弱关系对创新性机会识别的影响

创新性创业活动起源于创业者对创新性机会的识别。运用问卷调查法,分析创业者社会网络关系与创业机会创新性之间的逻辑联系,并探索了创业者创新性认知风格对该过程的影响。结果表明：弱关系相较于强关系对创业者所识别的创业机会的创新性有显著正向影响,混合利用强、弱关系相较于单一利用强关系/弱关系对创业机会的创新性有显著正向影响;创新性认知风格对创业机会的创新性有显著正向影响;创新性认知风格在混合利用强弱关系和创业机会创新性之间的作用关系中起正向调节作用。     

Determinants of Equity Style

This paper provides a unifying empirical treatment of propositions explaining equity style cycles with a four-factor model that combines risk factors central to style theory. Tests on style autocorrelations and performance over the period January 1979–December 2004 generally affirm theoretical expectations. We employ cointegration methodology to analyze the stationarity of style covariances and dissect the diversification contributions of styles. We document style diversification gains but discover an asymmetry: value gains are derived from small company stocks while growth benefits come from large stocks. The asymmetry implies portfolios comprised of independent large growth and small value styles since the twin small growth and large value styles are cointegrated and redundant diversifiers. Performance tests show superior performance by the independent styles over the sample period, two equal intertemporal periods, and an extended 5-year period that directly contradicts a risk based explanation. The influence of institutional traders on style trends is also documented. Our findings affirm the predictions of behavioral models and provide more empirical evidence of superior performance unrelated to risk or fundamentals.

Style timing with the value spread in Australia

The value spread is shown to be positively related to the value premium in the Australian market. The relationship is especially strong for small cap portfolios and typically stronger when using the book‐to‐price ratio than other value metrics. In small cap portfolios, the positive value premium–spread relationship is primarily driven by the short side. Our results are consistent with previous findings in US and Asian markets. We also show that the small cap–large cap value spread differential is positively related to the corresponding value premium differential, suggesting the value spread can also be used for timing the large/small cap tilt.     

建筑艺术的文化内涵与审美特点

从内容、意蕴、风格、形式、造型等各方面全面分析了建筑艺术的文化内涵与审美特点,论述了建筑的象征性所蕴含的历史文化意义及其与建筑的抽象性之间的关联;建筑风格的时代性、民族性的体现以及二者之间的关系;建筑形式的和谐美、个性美的构成以及它们在城市建筑设计上的运用等.