论中国货币政策在宏观调控中面临的新挑战

随着世界经济一体化的逐步深入推进,中国经济在世界经济发展中的影响愈来愈大,中国货币政策在履行职能、实现宏观调控目标的过程中,面临着包括人民币汇率形成机制改革、资产价格波动、人民币国际化、国际金融体系及国际金融监管改革等诸多新的挑战。     

中国投资率波动的度量与变化的分解(1993～2008年)

本文从产业角度对中国投资率的波动和变化进行了度量和分解,结果表明,1993~2008年产业内效应解释了中国投资率波动的84.70%,而2000~2008年中国投资率持续上升期间,它的解释力上升到94.87%。除持续上升的2001年和2002年外,产业内效应中第二产业投资率的上升都主导着中国投资率的持续上升。中国投资率9年后才持续上升的根本原因是第二产业的投资率由降转升而致。     

医院产权制度改革成为“重头戏”

国有医院产权制度改革已悄然启动,并且成为当前产权制度改革的重点。医院改革的总体思路是保一部分,放一大批,政府和市场同时发挥资源配置作用。针对改制中的“难点”,沪、江、浙部分先行改制的医院采取了相应的解决办法,但政府也应该完善相关政策,推进和规范医院的产权制度改革。     

The sequencing of reform in transition economies

In this paper, we examine the consequences of sequencing on the progress of reforms in transition economies. The paper uses panel logit models to determine whether or not progress in some reforms enhances the prospects for other reforms. We find that progress on small-scale privatization is associated with advances in several other reforms, perhaps because small-scale privatization creates lobbies for reform. Our estimations suggest that a comprehensive program of small-scale privatization is needed to stimulate large-scale privatization, trade, and banking reform in a country that has undertaken little reform. Moreover, if restructuring is to occur banking reform is necessary. We also find that relaxing the fiscal constraint stimulates large-scale privatization, restructuring, and trade reform. Finally, we find that negotiations about EU accession negotiations advance the transition but only in banking reform and competition policy. Journal of Comparative Economics 33 (4) (2005) 835–850.     

股改对价会计处理的思考

2005年我国上市公司进行了股权分置改革,对其中的对价支付会计处理问题,财政部颁布了《上市公司股权分置改革中相关会计处理暂行规定》。本文对《暂行规定》中的一些会计处理方法进行了分析,也指出了其中的不完善之处,并尝试提出了一些改进意见。     

新世纪全球企业并购特点国有企业的对策分析

跨国并购已成为国际资本转移的主要方式。我国国资改革正处在关键时刻,抓住国际资本跨国并购的机遇,加速建立现代产权制度,调整产业结构,完善多元化的法人治理结构,是当前国有企业急需解决的重要课题。     

Cancellation of Executive Stock Options: Tax and Accounting Income Considerations*

Canadian firms face a trade‐off between reporting higher accounting income and paying lower taxes that arises from their ability to cancel in‐the‐money executive stock options and making a substitute cash payment to the executive instead of issuing shares. Firms' trade‐off hypotheses are operationalized in a multilateral framework and empirically tested using insider‐trading data. The multilateral approach is designed to control for the incentive effects of alternative compensation schemes and to determine the cancellation payment that keeps the executive indifferent between receiving cash or shares. The results show that firms consider both taxes and financial reporting costs in determining their option cancellation behavior.     

对新世纪我国高等旅游教育改革的思考

我国旅游业已开始步入成熟期，旅游产品深度挖掘，商品经济开发力度加大，化内涵备受关注。与之紧密相关的旅游教育的发展必须抓住主要矛盾，选准改革的突破口，即：要始终如一地抓住师资队伍建设；要把能力培养摆在突出位置；要建立理论与实践互为促进的教学体系；课程设置要科学合理，符合办学规律。     

Optimal Capital Income Taxes and Capital Controls in Small Open Economies

This paper studies the optimal taxation of capital income in a simplemodel of a small open economy where domestic residents can evade taxeson their foreign investment income. The national government can onlytax domestic capital income and can impose capital controls, whichhowever absorb real resources. The design of optimal policy in thismodel depends on the revenue needs of the government. For relativelylow levels of government expenditures, it turns out that the countrydoes not levy capital income taxes but may restrict capital exports.Otherwise, the country taxes domestic capital income and sets capitalcontrols such that capital exports are driven to zero, at an optimum.In contrast to other models with capital controls it turns out thatthis policy can lead to underinvestment in domestic capital.JEL Classification Number: E 62, F 41, H 21     

税收、收入不平等和内生经济增长

企业家(通过金融中介)从家庭借贷来支撑创新。二者在企业家的努力不为外人所见的情形下双方签订信用合同分享创新带来的垄断利润(即蛋糕)。两个有代表性经济人(企业家和家庭)的存在允许人们在内生经济增长模型里研究收入不平等。本文研究发现,企业家分配份额的增加一开始会提升增长速度,但是过了一定值后会拉低增长速度;而该份额的增加一直拉大企业家和工人间的收入差距。所以降低企业家获得的蛋糕的份额的分配改革可缩小收入差距。提高企业家来自创新的收入的税率将降低他们的努力程度,从而降低增长速度,但是该税率的提高有助于降低收入不平等程度。存款收入的税率提高尽管不会改变企业家的努力程度,但是也会降低经济增长速度,而且不会降低收入不平等(如果工人有一定比例的存款)。对于劳动收入(工人工资)的税率增加会加剧工人和企业家间的收入不平等,但对经济增长速度没有影响。