附加预期泰勒规则在通胀预期管理中的应用及启示

附加预期泰勒规则内含通胀预期因素,通过该规则行事,可以提高货币政策透明度、可信性和有效性,从而起到稳定公众通胀预期的作用.中国人民银行虽然没有明确提出按照附加预期泰勒规则行事,但多项实证研究表明,附加预期泰勒规则是可以很好拟合我国货币政策操作的.本文阐明了附加预期泰勒规则的含义,回顾不同学者对附加预期泰勒规则的实证检验结论,探究附加预期泰勒规则对通胀预期的作用机制,总结附加预期泰勒规则货币政策实践需要注意的问题,最后提出附加预期泰勒规则对我国通胀预期管理的启示.     

全球化、资产价格变动与中国货币政策反应——基于泰勒规则的扩展研究

在经济全球化、虚拟化的背景下对泰勒规则进行了扩展研究,分析了利率与汇率、利率与资产价格的相关影响机制;并采用静态模型和基于预期的动态模型对名义利率与通货膨胀水平、产出缺口、汇率、股票价格缺口以及房地产价格缺口之间的关系进行了检验。结果显示,考虑预期因素的动态模型能够达到稳定通货膨胀的作用,短期名义利率对于汇率和资产价格起到了符合经济意义的稳定作用。     

带有颜色填充的等值线画法研究

本文分析了常规的等值线绘制算法的缺点,根据经验提出了一种由离散数据生成等值线的算法,不但简单有效,又能达到更好的精度,而且适应能力更强,并且能方便地实现颜色填充,丰富了等值线图的表达能力。文中给出了具体算法的实现原理和过程。     

三角Bezier曲面光滑拼接研究

文章在研究三角Bezier曲面原理的基础上,提出在曲面绘制阶段采用一种新的明暗处理算法,这种明暗处理算法综合了Gouroud算法处理速度快的优点和Phong算法对法矢量进行插值优化的思想,并且该算法采用法矢量二次插值方法,用此法矢量代替原三角片的线性法矢量参与光照计算,可构造出视觉连续的三角Bezier曲面。此算法简单可靠,并可推广到高次三角Bezier曲面的光滑拼接。     

Optimal Monetary Policy Rules and Inflation Targets: Are Australia,Canada, and New Zealand Different from the U.S.?

Outwardly, the central banks of Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the U.S. follow somewhat different approaches to controlling inflation. The U.S. does not explicitly target inflation while the other countries do. Canada and New Zealand have target bands for inflation while Australia has a point target. Results in this paper nevertheless find broad similarities in the monetary policies of these countries. Each can be described as having pursued optimal inflation targeting (explicit or implicit), with heavy interest rate smoothing, but perhaps placing little weight on output variability. We argue that interest rate smoothing is used to introduce gradualism into the response of monetary policy to inflation. We show that given heavy interest rate smoothing, a concern for output variability is redundant.     

基于金融形势指数对我国货币政策效果非线性的实证研究

本文基于总需求方程缩减式构建包含利率、汇率、资产价格以及货币供给因素具有动态权重的金融形势指数FCI,将其作为信息变量纳入到线性和非线性泰勒规则中进行实证分析,结果表明拓展的前瞻性泰勒规则更能描述我国利率行为,利率能很好的反应金融形势而对产出和通胀反应不足。以通货膨胀率为转换变量对我国货币政策效果进行检验和估计表明泰勒规则是非线性的,存在LSR1模型的非线性形式,利率对通胀的反应是非对称的。对非线性进行拓展性研究表明当通胀达到一定程度时,利率和FCI指数才具有稳定关系。     

有限理性、资产价格波动与泰勒规则

针对泰勒规则所存在的多重共线性、潜在产出无法精确计量和忽视资产价格等问题,本文基于有限理性假设和纳入货币供给因素对泰勒规则进行了修正。利用修正后的泰勒规则对我国经济数据进行实证研究发现。我国存在相对稳定的利率规则,并且这种利率规则在高通胀和低通胀阶段的形式有一定区别。在将货币因素纳入泰勒规则后,发现我国的利率规则并没有明显的变化,但是中央银行在操作利率时还是应高度关注货币供应量和信贷总量．以防止资产价格的大起大落。     

高等教育学费问题探讨

对高等教育收费水平的现状进行了分析,预测了收费水平的基本增长趋势。并从影响学费的相关因素的角度对学费水平进行了系统分析,结合办学成本、政府拨款和农村居民可支配收入给出了可行性报告和建议。     

Does the Reserve Bank of Australia follow a forward-looking nonlinear monetary policy rule?

ABSTRACT

The conventional monetary policy rule describes a simple linear relationship between the domestic interest rate, inflation rate and output gap. An important extension to this rule is to incorporate the forward-looking behaviour of central banks, where it is assumed that they target an expected level of inflation instead of its current realised value. Using quarterly observations for the period 1993:1-2018:2, this paper investigates whether the conduct of monetary policy in Australia can be described by a forward-looking linear monetary policy rule, or by a nonlinear forward-looking monetary policy rule. In particular, the nonlinear forward-looking monetary policy rule is analysed in a regime-switching framework using a smooth logistic transition regression model. While the results show that the conventional forward-looking linear monetary policy rule describes the application of monetary policy in Australia reasonably well, the interest rate setting behaviour of the RBA is best described by a nonlinear forward-looking monetary policy rule.     

The Taylor Rule and “Opportunistic” Monetary Policy

We investigate the possibility that the Taylor rule should be formulated as a threshold process such that the Federal Reserve acts more aggressively in some circumstances than in others. It seems reasonable that the Federal Reserve would act more aggressively when inflation is high than when it is low. Similarly, it might be expected that the Federal Reserve responds more to a negative than a positive output gap. Although these specifications receive some empirical support, we find that a modified threshold model that is consistent with “opportunistic” monetary policy makes significant progress toward explaining Federal Reserve behavior.