Cultural legitimacy and framing struggles in innovation journeys: A cultural-performative perspective and a case study of Dutch nuclear energy (1945-1986)

This article contributes to the field of innovation studies by addressing the role of cultural legitimacy in technical innovation journeys. The article develops a new perspective that connects insights from discourse theory, interpretive approaches to culture, cultural sociology and social movement theory. In contrast to functionalist and structuralist approaches (which tend to conceptualize culture in a top-down deterministic manner), our cultural-performative perspective emphasizes agency, collective sensemaking and framing struggles. Cultural change is a contested process, in which various groups perform on public stages to influence the attitudes and opinions of relevant audiences who provide financial resources, protection or support relevant for innovation journeys. We demonstrate the usefulness of this perspective with a longitudinal case study of nuclear energy in the Netherlands (1945-1986), which encompasses both the creation of legitimacy in the 1950s and 1960s, and its contestation by an anti-nuclear movement in the 1970s, which halted the innovation journey.     

海峡两岸证券业经营效率比较研究:基于Metafrontier方法

本文将Metafrontier思想与BCC-DEA模型相结合,综合应用Metafrontier DEA方法、Malmquist全要素生产率指数和Tobit模型,客观地评价具有不同生产技术的两岸证券商的经营效率。结果表明:台湾证券商发展水平趋同,大陆证券商良莠不齐,但竞争力逐渐提升;台湾证券商技术水平落后于大陆;大陆全要素生产率逐渐改善,台湾逐渐衰退;资产总额、负债比、地区生产总值是影响技术效率的关键因素,负债比、经济自由度、地区生产总值是影响技术落差的关键因素;金融危机对两岸证券业冲击显著。     

国有企业与非国有企业信贷约束的差异研究——基于现金一现金流敏感度的分析

根据现有理论,国有企业和非国有企业信贷约束的差异是理解中国经济失衡的关键,本文利用近年来公司金融文献中提出的现金一现金流敏感度的分析方法,以中国A股上市企业1990—2010年的数据为样本,研究了中国国有企业与非国有企业存在着的信贷约束差异。其基本计量模型回归结果表明,非国有企业的信贷约束更强,而国有企业则不存在信贷约束。随后,采取的稳健性检验结果表明非国有企业受到了信贷约束,而国有企业则没有受到信贷约束这一结论具有稳健性。     

国有企业是低效率的吗

近年来我国国有企业的效益明显改善。一些学者认为,国有企业效益的改善主要源于国有企业的垄断地位而不是效率的提高。本文分别考察了竞争性和垄断性行业国有工业企业的效率表现,得出如下结论:在竞争性行业中,国有工业企业与非国有工业企业在财务效率和技术效率上均不存在显著差异;在垄断行业中,国有工业企业具有较高的技术效率,并不断保持着较快的技术进步速率。因此,所有制对于企业微观效率的影响并不显著,近年来我国国有企业经营绩效的改善是以国有企业微观效率的提高为坚实基础的,认为国有企业效率低,利润主要来源于垄断的看法是不符合实际的。     

评析技术悲观主义与技术乐观主义

科技悲观主义和科技乐观主义从不同的关注点,为科学技术在社会中扮演的角色进行界定,或令人充满希望;或令人恐惧。两种思想都具有片面性和局限性,但对社会的发展都有重要的启示作用。我们应全面、辨证地评价技术的社会作用及其产生的社会后果。     

Off‐farm work,technical efficiency,and rice production risk in Taiwan

This article investigates the differences in yield production, production efficiency, and yield risk for farmers both with and without off‐farm work. Using a nationwide survey of rice farmers in Taiwan, we estimate two stochastic production frontier models that accommodate technical inefficiency and production risk simultaneously for farmers both with and without off‐farm work. The stochastic dominance criterion is then applied to compare the differences in the distributions of the estimated technical efficiency and yield risk between groups. The empirical results indicate that these two groups of farmers use resources in different ways, and off‐farm work is not necessarily associated with lower technical efficiency. For farmers in the lower percentiles of the efficiency distribution, those with off‐farm work are more efficient than their counterparts without off‐farm work. In addition, farmers with off‐farm work face higher production risk and this result is robust for the entire distribution.     

企业并购风险分析

企业并购虽然是使企业短期内获得发展的有效途径,但从国内外大量的并购数据来看,成功的并购案例很少。因为在并购过程中,存在大量的风险因素,而企业并购风险存在于企业并购的整个过程之中,任何一个环节出现问题,都可能导致并购的失败。本文将并购过程分为四个主要的流程,从而将风险分散化,具体化,使并购过程规范化。进而提出了并购流程分析的方法,对并购的整个过程进行分段分析,从而提高并购的成功率。本文着重从定性分析的角度对并购整个过程的风险进行相关分析,总结出了并购过程中可能出现的大量风险因素,即使对于不同的企业,也可以从并购的各个流程中找到适合自身的风险因素,从而加以分析与控制。     

An Empirical Comparison of the Four Channel Flow Model and Adventure Experience Paradigm

The objective of this study was to conduct empirical comparisons between two models of optimal experience within an on-site whitewater kayaking setting using a modification of the Experience Sampling Method. Four concerns are examined: (1) differences in explanatory power between the four channel flow model and the Adventure Experience Paradigm, (2) convergent validity among measures used to determine conditions within these models, (3) differences among measures of perceived challenge and risk between test times of Class I-V river difficulty, and (4) differences among measures of perceived skill and competence between test times of Class I-V river difficulty. Questionnaires were administered in the Cheat River Canyon in West Virginia to 52 whitewater kayakers at eight sites of various levels of river difficulty. Data were analyzed at the experience level, rather than between subjects, using 409 experience sampling observations. Hypothesis testing, performed with statistical analyses (stepwise regression, correlations, and repeated measures ANOVA), suggested that the explanatory powers of the four channel flow model and Adventure Experience Paradigm were similar and indicated support for convergent and ecological validity of measures used to determine conditions within each of the two models.     

检验检疫技术机构分析研究

通过分析检验检疫技术机构在管理、技术能力和人才队伍等方面的现状,探讨检验检疫技术机构的发展方向,为检验检疫技术机构改革方案的制定提供可靠依据。     

A Study on Flow Experience Structures: Enhancement or Death,Prospects for the Korean Wave

In proposing the concept of flow which focuses on experiencing the sites visited by Korean Wave tourists as induced by drama or movies, the role of involvement level (variables) of Korean Wave tourists in influencing flow construct as they experience the sites of FIT (Film Induced Tourism) was investigated. The involvement level of Korean Wave visitors was found to operate as a mechanism by which challenge, skills, and focused attention on site might be more organized or more actively experienced. This recognizes that there is clearly a need for making the FIT sites exposed much by any mix of various media. The findings of this study showed that challenges and skills influence enjoyment as an output factor of flow. Film site visitors are assumed to participate in the roles of film characters, experiencing the places and the atmosphere. The degree of visitors' reflections of the film optimizes awareness of flow experiences on the site. Therefore it is necessary to provide more detailed experiential programs on the film sites with a wide variety of flow-related contents in the film.