海外网络嵌入与国际化速度对技术创新的影响

结合国际化与创新管理理论，构建了海外网络嵌入对技术创新的影响机制模型。基于长三角地区314家外向型制造企业问卷数据的实证结果发现，相较于利用式技术创新，海外网络嵌入对探索式技术创新的影响更显著;初始国际化速度强化了海外网络嵌入与技术创新的关系，后续国际化速度在海外网络嵌入与技术创新关系中具有差异化调节作用。该研究揭示了海外网络嵌入与技术创新的内在作用机理，对于企业主动嵌入海外网络和促进技术创新具有启示意义。     

管理层权力配置下上市公司创新决策动因研究

选取2013—2016年我国民营上市公司经营数据作为研究样本，基于管理层权力配置视角探索企业创新决策动因及其规律性，结果表明：①基于研发与营销的职能区别，随着管理层权力配置程度增加，技术创新和市场创新两类创新行为的决策倾向呈现差异化演变，具体表现为管理层权力与技术创新行为正相关，与市场创新行为负相关；②公司成长状态对管理层权力与技术创新行为的关系具有显著调节作用，具体表现为：公司经营风险水平较高时，管理层权力对技术创新行为的促进作用会被弱化，公司盈利能力较强时，管理层权力对技术创新行为的促进作用会被强化；③公司成长状态对管理层权力与市场创新行为关系的调节作用不显著，即管理层权力对创新行为的影响机理不会因公司经营风险水平和盈利水平的差异而发生改变。     

成渝地区双城经济圈科技创新与经济高质量发展耦合协调度研究

成渝地区双城经济圈发展是“一带一路”倡议及国家创新体系建设的重要组成部分。在我国经济发展从高速增长转变为中高速增长、增长方式由要素驱动转变为创新驱动的条件下，科技创新对经济高质量发展的积极影响不断增强。选取2014—2018年成渝地区双城经济圈内各地市级区域统计数据，基于灰色关联分析法，构建科技创新与经济高质量发展的耦合协调模型并进行实证分析。结果表明：在时间上，成渝地区双城经济圈耦合协调度呈现逐年上升趋势；在空间上，成都耦合协调度略微高于重庆，而重庆明显高于经济圈其余地区，且三者之间存在极度不协调、不平衡的现象。最后，基于研究结果，提出针对成渝地区双城经济圈加强科技创新、提升经济高质量发展并提高耦合协调度的具体建议。     

创新型城市试点政策提升了科技人才集聚水平吗——来自240个地级市的准自然实验

科技人才推动城市创新发展，创新型城市试点是促进区域及国家整体创新水平提高的重要政策。以2003-2018年全国240个城市数据为样本，并将创新型城市试点设立作为一项准实验，使用倾向值匹配及连续双重差分方法实证分析试点政策对科技人才集聚水平的溢出效应及作用机制。结果表明，创新型城市试点政策能够显著提升科技人才集聚水平，但在时间上政策效应存在异质性；试点政策通过城市人力资本水平与产业结构水平两个途径作用于科技人才集聚水平。最后，从政策视角就城市人才“争夺”下如何增强人才吸引力提出建议。     

促进科技自主创新的政府采购政策：两难困境及法治统合——《政府采购协定》(GPA)视角

政府采购作为需求侧政策工具，在一国科技自主创新中起着重要作用，我国为早日加入《政府采购协定》（GPA），暂停实施科技自主创新政府采购政策。从逻辑上看，我国科技自主创新政府采购政策面临两难困境：内有实现科技强国的现实需求，外受GPA等国际规则约束。困境的主要原因在于太过强调科技自主创新目标与国际规则间的对立，忽视了两种目标的协同。由此，提出双重目标协同的“第三选择”，也就是以法治方式实现两难困境的统合。通过立法模式和立法技术选择，对该领域法律进行整合与重构，将科技自主创新政府采购政策逐步分解、融入到相关法律中，使之对内服务于创新型国家建设需求，对外满足国际规则要求。     

内生技术变迁视角下金融发展与产业结构升级

基于内生技术变迁视角，采用1985—2016年中国产业结构升级、金融发展、劳动力、技术创新相关数据，建立VAR模型进行脉冲响应函数分析和方差分解，并进一步构建VEC模型。结果表明：金融发展与产业结构升级具有长期均衡且显著为正的关系，同时产业结构升级和技术创新对金融发展扰动的响应具有滞后性。从长期看，金融发展对产业结构升级的贡献度超过劳动力。从短期看，金融发展与产业结构升级短期偏离修正系数较小，恢复均衡的速度较慢，且金融发展对产业结构升级的短期波动具有显著影响。     

Changes in and prospects for cultivated land use since the reform and opening up in China

Cultivated land provides the basic guarantee for food production and security, and changes in its utilization have been a focus of attention in China. Since China’s “reform and opening up,” major changes have taken place in the country’s social economy and cultivated land use. Based on statistical data analysis and literature review, this study systematically reviewed long-term changes in cultivated land use in China. On that basis, future trends are identified, which can provide new insights for future research on cultivated land use and protection management. The findings indicate that while cultivated land use is diversified, smallholder farmers still account for the main part. Further, the scale of cultivation is expanding but still fragmented, profits derived from land cultivation are slowly growing, and the proportion of those profits in total household income has dramatically declined. It was also found that the social security function of cultivated land has been weakened, cultivated land management has become more diversified, and grain output has risen steadily. To meet the needs of social and economic development, the government should promote the transfer of the “household” as a unit instead of “labor.” Moreover, innovation in the land use system should be stimulated based on industrial convergence, and policy incentives for ecological farming should be increased.     

Valuing technological synergies in mergers

Technological synergy in mergers and acquisitions (M&As) is achieved when there is an increase in value generated by combining the stock of complementary technologies of acquirers and targets, as well as utilizing target’s patents to initiate or defend lawsuits against competitors. Using U.S. patent data, we provide quantitative measures of these two sources of technological synergy. We find that these measures of technological synergy are important considerations of acquiring firms and capital market in valuing target firms’ innovative assets, as the measures are positive determinants of merger premium and total synergy gain. The expected total gains of acquirers’ and targets’ shareholders from technological synergy decrease with the difficulties of post-merger integration as proxied by geographical distance between acquirer and target. Our technological synergy measures are also good predictors of post-merger realized synergy, i.e., increase in patent outputs in the overlapped technology classes and market share.     

Small is big in ICT: The impact of R&D on productivity

We examine the contribution of R&D to firm productivity in a large panel of European firms and study its variation with the age, size, and sub-sector of firms. We find that R&D capital in ICT firms has a larger effect on revenue when compared to non-ICT firms. At the firm level, our results suggest that, surprisingly, smaller and older ICT firms benefit the most from R&D. Small but mature ICT firms are likely to dominate market niches, and small size may enable them to be flexible and adaptable which helps them respond to technological opportunities to develop innovative products and services. This has important implications for public policy based upon firm age.