制度变迁与女性创业者崛起——来自LN家族的案例

以一个长时段的女性主导的家族创业为例,考察制度变迁与中国女性创业者崛起的关系,既有理论的必要性、也有现实的合理性。作者采用扎根理论方法,构建了基于制度理论的分析模型,用研究中自然涌现的"男女平权、创业合法化、女性创业能力"三个基本要素刻画了女性创业者崛起的关键因素。研究结果显示,制度变迁的发生顺序造就了中国女性创业者的崛起,集权体制具有发起大规模社会变革的效率优势,男女平权制度冲击了传统家庭模式和性别分工,改革开放实现创业合法化,通过干中学等方式女性积累并提高了发现、利用创业机会的能力,在三因素的共同作用下,中国女性创业者走上了崛起之路。作者基于制度变迁的视角建立了女性创业的理论框架,分析女性创业的原因以及如何兴起的过程。     

The role of supplier operational adaptation on the performance of IT-enabled transport logistics under environmental uncertainty

The use of information technology to facilitate transport logistics activities in support of responsive product movement is essential for contemporary supply chain operations to succeed. One neglected area towards achieving this goal is concerned with the role of supplier adaptation on the performance impact of IT-enabled transport logistics. Based on the General Theory of Network Governance, we argue that supplier operational adaptation serves to realize the cost improvements of those firms practicing IT-enabled transport logistics. Our propositions are validated with survey data collected from 188 trading firms, highlighting the importance of supplier operational adaptation for IT-enabled transport logistics to gain cost performance particularly when firms face environmental uncertainty where they lack the ability to predict the outcomes of their actions. Managerial attention should be directed at developing supplier operational adaptation for technological adoption in transport logistics activities to bring performance.     

Picture this: Managed change and resistance in business network settings

This paper discusses change management in networks. The literature on business networks tends to downplay the role of managerial initiative in network change. The change management literature addresses such initiative, but with its single-firm perspective it overlooks the interdependence of network actors. In exploring the void between these two streams of literature, we deploy the concept of network pictures to discuss managed change in network settings. We analyze a change project from the furniture industry and address the consequences of attempting to manage change activities in a network context characterized by limited managerial authority over these activities. Our analysis suggests that change efforts unfold as a negotiated process during which the change project is re-negotiated to fit the multiple actor constituencies. The degree of overlap in the co-existing network pictures of the involved actors is found to be decisive for the possibility of successfully implementing network change.     

技术创新推动中药产业结构高级化

技术创新可以提高中药产品的附加值和规模经济效益,实现集约化经营。同时,技术创新有助于提升中药产业竞争水平和产业内外部关联水平,这些变化有利于推动中药产业结构高级化。     

长三角区域一体化对科技人才竞争力的门槛效应研究——基于经济与收入视角

基于竞争优势理论,解析区域一体化对科技人才竞争力提升的驱动机理,并运用核密度估计和非动态面板门槛回归模型,实证分析长三角一体化对科技人才竞争力的影响及经济与收入的门槛效应。研究发现：①长三角区域一体化水平显著提高,城市间一体化水平差异扩大,空间上集聚效应显著,形成“沿长江以南”和“环太湖”高水平一体化集聚带;②科技人才竞争力逐年提升,城市间科技人才竞争力水平差距逐渐缩小,多中心态势逐渐显现,但“马太效应”依旧显著;③长三角一体化对科技人才竞争力的影响存在显著的经济发展和收入水平门槛,影响系数分别呈现“U”型和倒“U”型变化趋势。     

战略差异度对企业技术创新的影响：代理成本的中介作用

利用2007—2019年我国A股上市公司数据,就战略定位差异对企业技术创新的影响效应及作用路径进行理论分析和实证检验。研究发现,企业战略差异度越大,技术创新越少;代理成本在战略差异度与技术创新的关系中发挥中介作用。异质性检验结果表明,战略差异度与技术创新的负向关系在民营企业、融资约束较大和市场竞争地位较低的企业中更为显著。结论不仅丰富了企业战略与创新行为方面的研究成果,也可为政府部门制定相关政策提供依据。     

创新价值链视角下环境规制对技术创新效率的影响——以黄河流域为例

基于创新价值链视角,将技术创新效率分为科技研发效率和成果转化效率两阶段,采用2005—2018年黄河流域73个城市面板数据进行回归检验,引入技术密度作为门槛变量,探究环境规制对两阶段技术创新效率的区域异质性影响。结果表明：①黄河流域及中下游地区的环境规制与科技研发效率呈倒“U”型关系,上游地区环境规制与科技研发效率呈“U”型关系;②黄河流域及中下游地区环境规制对成果转化效率影响不显著,上游地区的成果转化率随着环境规制水平提升呈倒“U”型变化趋势;③黄河流域和下游地区的环境规制与科技研发效率存在技术密度双重门槛效应,其中,中游地区通过单一门槛检验,上游地区未通过门槛检验,而黄河流域和上游地区的环境规制与成果转化效率存在技术密度单一门槛效应,其中,中下游地区未通过门槛检验。     

利益、观念与结构：中国共产党科技创新话语的百年演进之路

从利益、观念、结构3个维度出发,考察中国共产党科技创新话语百年变迁的结构性力量。其中,“利益”是理性基础,在不同历史发展阶段,民族和国家利益有不同表现,从而产生了不同的科技创新话语策略选择;“观念”是价值导向,其不断赋予科技创新以社会主义政治价值,并对科技创新予以价值规范和价值导向;“结构”是条件约制,在外部环境结构和内部社会结构的双重影响下,中国共产党科技创新经历了从自力更生、消化吸收到自主创新的转变,从政府主导、市场主导到联合运行的转变,从大众范式、专业范式到系统范式的转变。中国共产党科技创新话语演进本身是一个辨证过程,呈现出联系性与整体性、结构性与能动性、连续性和阶段性特征。面向未来,仍需进一步加强话语自觉规划和实践,努力建设与国家和人民利益、社会主义意识形态及社会内外部结构相匹配、相适应的科技创新话语系统。     

Analyzing technological threats and opportunities in wireless data services

The ability to assess the threat and opportunity that technological innovations pose to an organisation's profitability, growth and survival has become one of the key elements in the development of offensive and defensive innovation strategies. Central to this process of assessing technological threats and opportunities is the need to analyze various aspects of identified technological developments. A range of analysis techniques exists, and a number of these are discussed and simultaneously applied to a specific technological development. While threat and opportunity assessment is relevant to almost any company in any industry, it is especially relevant to industries characterised by high rates of volatility such as the communications industry. The technological development, which has been chosen to apply these analysis techniques to, is the offering of 2.5/3G wireless data services, which is currently of great significance in the communications industry. The point of view that is taken is that of a European mobile network operator (MNO) that needs to assess the threats and opportunities that this development poses to its business. The result shows that the analysis process leads to a better understanding of not only the identified developments, their driving forces and enablers, but also their possible impacts on the organisation. This greatly enables the extent to which developments represent a threat or opportunity for a specific organisation to be assessed. In the framework of the overall technological threat and opportunity assessment methodology, the results of the analysis process will feed into the strategy formulation process where possible organisational responses can be developed.