The Determinants Of The Adoption Of Advanced Manufacturing Technology

The paper investigates empirically the decision of firms to adopt ‘Advanced Manufacturing Technologies’ (AMT) based on a comprehensive specification of a ‘rank model’ of technology adoption using firm-level data for Swiss manufacturing. The explanatory variables include numerous dimensions of (anticipated) benefits from and costs of technology adoption allowing for uncertainty as well as for information and adjustment costs. Moreover, the effect of complementarities between various functional groups of AMT (design, fabrication, communication, etc.) as well as of learning from the use of previous technology vintages within such functional groups is analyzed, Finally, the size-dependence of the adoption decision is studied in detail. The model yields a quite robust pattern of explanation across estimates with different adoption variables (time period of introduction of AMT, intensity of use of AMT, etc.) with plausible differences of the results based on the alternative adoption measures used.     

Technology Strategies For Economic Development In A Fast Changing Global Economy

East Asian development experience provides the basis for understanding which are the essential elements of effective technology strategy and policy, those that are required for the efficacious development of countries that have not yet embarked on a path of sustained modernization. Globalization has had a profound impact on development, enabling countries that could exploit its propelling forces to pursue a potent strategy of export-led economic and technological development. The policies needed to sustain this strategy are those required to foster institutions that permit effective commerce among economic agents, those necessary to generate the rapid accumulation of human and physical capital, and those essential to ensure that resources are allocated in accord with the economy's dynamic comparative advantage. Of crucial importance among the latter are effectively implemented policies of selective intervention designed to develop infant industries and to foster their fast-paced achievement of international competitiveness through rapid attainment of the requisite technological capabilities.     

中国高新技术政策30年:政策文本分析的视角

从高新技术政策文本的视角,对中国30年来高新技术政策的整个发展历程进行实证分析,并将其划分为5个时期,即恢复与探索期、启动与发展期、应用与成熟期、转型与法制期、跨越与创新期,最后对高新技术政策进行了简要的总结与评述。 ?     

应用系统理论模型分析社会管理的均衡点——以广西贺州为例

许多发达的国家和地区运用系统理论及系统模型方法构造出经济、科技、社会协调发展模式,并设计出相应的战略对策,在实际应用中收到满意的经济效益、社会效益,甚至是政治效益。应用系统理论及其系统模型方法分析研究社会管理的综合均衡问题,是一个颇具价值的课题。     

农业技术引进对我国农业经济增长和农民增收的贡献研究

在论证技术引进对我国农业经济增长和农民增收的贡献的基础上,分析了我国当前农业技术引进存在的问题对其贡献发挥的制约,指出应通过建立多元化的投资体系、加强技术"引进后"工作、拓宽信息渠道以及引进先进管理机制等途径,增强技术引进对农业经济增长和农民增收的贡献力。     

完善质量管理体系 提高产品设计质量

通过对企业产品设计与开发过程控制现状的分析,找出影响产品设计和开发过程控制的关键因素,提出相应的改进建议,完善质量管理体系,提高产品设计质量,以实现生产一代、贮备一代、研发一代的产品更新结构。     

工程监督网络一体化集成管理功能探析

通过分析推进工程监督管理制度化、规范化和科学化过程中所表现出的现状特点,进一步提高监督执行力,解决在目前体制下工程监督管理所面临的难题和挑战,需要将监督人员管理和现场工程项目内容管理有机统一起来．构建一个适用的工程监督管理平台,形成工程监督网络一体化集成管理模式。阐述了这一平台所需完善的闭环管理、集成管理、动态管理、网络化培训、自助管理和数量化动态考核等功能。     

Career plateauing reactions: the moderating role of job scope,role ambiguity and participation among Canadian managers

The purpose of this study is to investigate the moderating effect and the interactive effect of job scope, role ambiguity and participation in decision-making on relationships between career plateauing and outcomes. A cross-sectional survey of 3,065 Canadian managers shows that these job characteristics can contribute to limiting the negative consequences associated with career plateauing. Moreover, in accordance with the theory of work–situation fit, some double moderating effects are found. The attitudes and behaviours of plateaued managers are significantly more positive when their job is richer and offers an opportunity to participate in decision-making. However, contrary to evidence in the literature, results show that reactions to career plateauing are more positive for managers who perceive that their job is richer and their role more ambiguous. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.     

两阶段视角下高技术产业技术创新能力比较研究

运用SPSS软件,对我国高技术产业在技术研发阶段和技术成果转化阶段的技术创新能力进行了实证研究。结果发现,两阶段高技术产业创新能力高低趋势基本一致。其中,通信设备制造业在两阶段技术创新能力均最高,而办公设备制造业、雷达及配套设备制造业、航天器制造业在两阶段的技术创新能力均最低。提高高技术产业技术创新能力,在技术研发阶段应加大创新投入,提高产业创新产出,从而保证技术成果转化阶段研发成果供给。另外,还应加强技术成果转化阶段的经费投入和创新环境建设。     

Prioritising alternatives for sustainable end-of-life vehicle disassembly in China using AHP methodology

The projection on Chinese increasing end-of-life vehicle (ELV) volumes indicates that the volume in 2020 will be about threefold that in 2015. The issue of scrapping vehicle upsurge relative to capacity crunches and environmental impacts perplexes Chinese dismantlers and it is intractable and urgent to choose an appropriate dismantling mode. The purpose of this study is to prioritise four potential dismantling modes and provide decision-making reference for dismantlers with a view to such criteria as environmentally sustainable considering constraints involving economy, technique, ecology and flexibility over changing condition. The conducted evaluation by the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) methodology takes sensitive and problematic aspects into account through questionnaires. The whole evaluation process supported by expert preferences, provides a simple and intuitive knowledge to construct arguments for ELV decision-making process. Results show that disassembly line involves the highest global weight of 0.363 and is concluded to be the best compromised ecological alternative.