基于情感曲线的高速铁路旅客个性化服务评价权重设计

为满足高速铁路旅客日益增长的个性化服务需求,优化现有高速铁路客运服务体系,研究影响高速铁路旅客服务评价的个性化因素。通过服务接触理论划分服务环节、情感曲线量化旅客服务评价,得出旅客服务需求差异,在此基础上设计个性化服务评价权重。结合北京南站、郑州东站,西安北站和成都东站的实地调研数据,对高速铁路旅客个性化服务评价权重的设计方法进行验证,结果表明:考虑乘客的情感曲线进行权重设计能够真实反映旅客个性化服务需求,为优化现有高速铁路客运服务评价体系提供可行方案。     

General equilibrium trade modelling with Canada–US transportation costs

Transportation costs are an important topic in international trade, but seldom have researchers paid attention to general equilibrium trade modelling with transportation costs and explored their relevant effects. This paper uses numerical general equilibrium trade model structures to simulate the impacts of transportation costs on welfare and trade for a Canada–US country pair case. We compare two groups of model structures: Armington assumption models and homogeneous goods models. Within these two groups of models, we also compare balanced trade structures to trade imbalance structures and production function transportation costs to iceberg transportation costs. Armington goods models generate more absolute welfare gains from transportation cost elimination than homogeneous goods models. Welfare gains under balanced trade structures are larger in production function transportation cost scenarios than in iceberg transportation cost scenarios, but under trade imbalance structures, welfare gains are greater under iceberg transportation cost scenarios. Canada's welfare gains in the iceberg transportation cost scenario are significantly larger than gains in the production function transportation cost scenario. On trade effects, homogeneous goods models generate more export and import gains, balanced trade structures have more trade variations, and iceberg transportation costs generate more trade effects.     

Applying the Kano model to investigate the quality of transportation services at mega events

The opportunity to host international sporting events is an important milestone for advanced countries, and transportation services play a significant role at such events. This study applies the Kano model to evaluate passengers’ satisfaction with each service element at a mega event. Furthermore, it explores various transportation modes (i.e., buses and cars) according to passenger group (collectively and individually), and accordingly, ranks service elements requiring improvement. The findings show that sufficient transportation services to the desired destination are considered a fundamental service at a mega sport event. Although the ability of drivers to communicate in English is neither demanded nor anticipated, they are expected to be friendly towards passengers. Compared with car passengers, bus passengers place greater value on clear transportation information, sufficient transportation frequency, and other internet-related functions such as free Wi-Fi on the bus and free apps for transportation reservations and destination navigation. Good complaint management, straightforward reservation systems, vehicle tidiness, sufficient transportation frequency, and clear transportation information are considered critical services. Organizers must therefore prioritize these services for improvement.     

Market integration and market efficiency: The case of 19th century Italy

This paper examines market integration in Italy in the 19th century, focusing on wheat. Wheat prices converged well before political Unification (1859-1861) but the process halted during the 1860s only to resume in the 1870s and 1880s. The first wave of integration was caused mainly by improvements in market efficiency while the second wave owed much to a reduction in transport costs.     

上海浦东仓储运输资源的整合

仓储运输资源整合的目的是通过资源的重新配置,提高资源的使用效率,最终获取更高额的回报。对那些已经或将要把未来仓储运输发展战略目标定位于进一步提升企业竞争力的传统仓储和运输等企业来说,资源整合显得尤其重要。资源整合是企业战略调整的手段,也是企业经营管理的日常工作,整合就是要优化资源配置。文中从上海浦东新区发展的角度,论述了上海浦东新区仓储运输资源整合的问题,提出作者的以下观点。     

Location of industry, market size, and imperfect international capital mobility

This paper examines the impact of imperfect international capital mobility on an industrial location when increasing returns are present. When the international capital mobility is perfect, agglomeration of manufacturing firms progresses with a decline in transportation costs of manufactured goods, and full-agglomeration in a large-market country is observed at low transportation costs. In contrast, when international capital mobility is imperfect, agglomeration in a large-market country progresses with capital trade integration. When the transportation costs of manufactured goods are low, all capital holders in two countries invest their capital into a home market.     

武汉城市圈交通和物流与经济的良性互动发展政策

文中分析了武汉城市圈交通、物流和经济的良性互动发展的需求,认为在中部崛起的整体战略下,交通运输体系的完善、现代物流体系的构建对于武汉城市圈的经济飞跃缺一不可,提出了以交通和物流作为武汉城市圈经济活动的平台,完善政府相关政策,保障城市圈经济的发展的建议。     

中国交通能源消耗与社会经济发展协调性分析

利用交通能源消耗占全社会总能源消耗的比值、交通产值占全社会GDP的比值及其两者之间的比例,从整体上判断出中国交通能源消耗和经济发展的整体协调程度较世界发达国家高。从交通能源消耗弹性系数、交通能源消耗强度两指标,通过与世界发达国家进行横、纵向对比,从局部对中国的交通能源消耗和社会经济发展的协调性进行了判断,并对可能影响协调性的原因进行了分析。分析结果表明,中国交通能源消耗正处在一般型交通能源消耗模式（Ⅱ）向效益型交通能源消耗模式（Ⅲ）过渡状态,中国应从优化运输方式结构、提高交通运输信息化和提倡使用节能型车辆等方面努力来提高交通能源与社会经济发展协调性。     

Making the connections between transport disadvantage and the social exclusion of low income populations in the Tshwane Region of South Africa

To date, the majority of studies which consider transport from a social exclusion perspective have been conducted in the context of the developed world where both income poverty and lack of transport are relative rather absolute states. In a unique departure from these previous studies, this paper explores the relationship between transport and social disadvantage in the development context, the key difference being that income poverty is absolute and where there is much lower access to both private and public transportation generally. Thus, it seeks to explore whether the concept of social exclusion remains valid, when it is the majority of the population that is experiencing transport and income poverty compared with the minority who do so in advanced economies.The paper is based on a scoping study for the Republic of South Africa Department of Transport (RSA DOT), which primarily involved focus group discussions with a range of socially deprived urban and peri-urban population groups living in the Tshwane region of South Africa. In a second departure from previous studies which consider transport and social disadvantage in the development context, the study takes a primarily urban focus. The rationale for this is that theoretically low income urban settlements do not suffer from the lack of transport infrastructure and motorised transport services in the way that more remote rural areas do. The policy issue is therefore less a question of addressing a deficit in supply and more one of addressing particular aspects of public transit service failure, which are more readily amenable to relatively low cost, manageable, small-scale national and local policy interventions.A primary aim for the study was to reinvigorate cross-government debate of these issues in the hope of breaking South African government’s long-standing and persistent policy inertia in the delivery of equitable and socially sustainable urban transport systems.     

Evaluating the spatial spillover effects of transportation infrastructure on agricultural output across the United States

The role of spatial spillover associated with the infrastructure–economy relationship has received increasing attention in the literature. Surprisingly, in previous studies, the potential spatial spillover effect of transportation infrastructure on economic output in the U.S. agricultural sector has not been taken into account given the sector’s importance in the economy and dependence on transportation. The broader effects, including the direct effect and spatial spillover effect, of transportation infrastructure on agricultural output across 44 states in the United States from 1981 to 2004 are estimated in this study. A spatial Durbin panel data model that catches spatial dependence in both dependent and explanatory variables is used. The results suggest that road disbursement in a given state has positive direct effects on its own agricultural output. Also, the spillover effect of road infrastructure on agricultural output in neighboring states varies with respect to the spatial weight matrix used in the model. Moreover, our analysis shows that enhancement in road infrastructure in the states in the U.S. central region has a larger positive spillover effect on agricultural output when compared to coastal or border states.