关于因子分析的几点看法

因子分析作为探索系统内运动规律的重要工具之一被广泛使用。因子分析属于描述性分析,它能够保证在数据信息损失最小的前提下,从大规模的原始数据群中,迅速将重要的信息提取出来。将高位的数据集合进行降级处理,迅速地揭示系统中的因子结构,使人们对该系统达到尽可能充分和全面的认识。     

农村居民消费缘何不足——基于消费过度敏感性假说的分析

本文结合经典的心理经验法则与LC-PIH模型,阐释了消费过度敏感性的内涵。运用可变参数模型对我国农村居民消费的过度敏感性进行检验,运用Granger因果检验分析引起这种消费变化行为的原因。实证结果显示:我国农村居民消费存在过度敏感性,农村居民消费对当期收入的依赖程度较高;宏观经济的变化所引起对未来收入及生存状况的不确定性是造成农村居民消费对当期收入的依赖程度较高的重要原因;利率也是从中长期影响农村居民消费变化的因素。     

产业升级转型阶段的制造业生产效率比较研究——以江苏为例

本文以江苏省全部国有及规模以上制造业30个行业为研究对象,运用DEA分析法测算了30个行业的纯技术效率和规模效率,在此基础上运用Malmquist指数法测算了制造业全要素生产率、技术进步指数和技术效率指数,并从制造业整体层面,将江苏与上海、浙江、广东和山东四省市进行了对比分析。结论认为,江苏省制造行业技术效率和规模效率差异显著,多数行业不能同时达到技术与规模有效;其制造业全要素生产率的增长主要得益于技术进步和纯技术效率的影响,而规模效率产生负面影响;江苏省制造业整体技术效率相对其他四省市而言水平较低。作为制造业大省,江苏需加快行业技术进步,提高技术效率和规模效率,以促进制造业行业全要素生产率的提高。     

The relationship between national culture and the use of professional services: Evidence from two cross-country studies

Each year, clients spend large sums on professional services, such as accounting services, legal services and consulting services. While research has found significant cross-country differences in organizations’ spending on professional services, we do not know why they occur. Inspired by the organizational buying behavior literature, this paper investigates the influence of national culture on the use of professional services, particularly management consulting services. As the use of professional services involves considerable uncertainties—particularly for the buyer—it can be assumed to be influenced by cultural differences regarding the level of Uncertainty Avoidance, Individualism and Masculinity. By drawing on two independent cross-country studies, we show that organizations in high uncertainty avoidance and individualistic cultures use professional services less than organizations in low uncertainty avoidance and collectivist cultures. We found no relationship between Hofstede's dimension of Masculinity and the use of professional services. The findings contribute to the theorizing on how the cultural context influences organizational buying behavior and the purchasing of professional services.     

The effects of acculturation and uncertainty avoidance on foreign resident choice for Korean foods

This study attempts to identify dining-out patterns among foreign residents in South Korea, examining the differences in foreign residents’ attitudes toward Korean foods and behavioral intentions to patronize Korean restaurants based on their acculturation and uncertainty avoidance levels. The results show that foreign residents in South Korea dine out frequently and intend to revisit Korean restaurants. However, the high acculturation group has a more positive attitude toward, better understanding of, and more preference for Korean foods than the low acculturation group. Satisfaction, revisiting, and recommendation intentions for Korean restaurants are higher among the high acculturation group than the low. The low uncertainty avoidance group spends more money for dining out than the high uncertainty avoidance group, who perceive Korean foods as expensive. Attitudes toward, understanding of, and preference for Korean foods, do not differ significantly between the two uncertainty avoidance groups; nor do satisfaction and behavioral intentions to Korean restaurants.     

中国能耗增长的阶段性特征:基于LMDI模型的实证研究

本文运用与SDA法相结合的LMDI分解模型,根据能耗增长特点分四个阶段探讨了包含能源强度、中间投入结构变动的技术效应和包含消费、投资、出口变动的最终需求效应对中国能源消耗增长的时段驱动模式。结果表明:(1)1997-2010年间,各阶段"三驾马车"引领的最终需求效应不单是规模庞大,也应相对稳定,能耗增长的异常波动主要取决于技术效应;(2)能源强度效应一直起着节能降耗的积极作用,而中间投入结构自2002年后向高耗能依存特征转变,成为能耗增长的推动因素;(3)2006年开始实施的能源强度政策有效改变了能耗增长轨迹,而国际金融危机的突然爆发扭曲了政府政策执行的初衷、方式和效率。     

技术进步偏向、创新要素配置与经济韧性

基于2006—2020年中国内地31个省域面板数据,从影响传导机制、非线性特质角度探究技术进步偏向对经济韧性的影响效应。结果发现：(1)技术进步偏向对经济韧性具有显著正向影响,这一结论在稳健性与内生性检验中依然成立;(2)就作用机制而言,创新要素配置是影响技术进步偏向作用于经济韧性的重要机制;(3)门槛模型检验结果显示,技术进步偏向指数及其子维度与经济调整适应能力不存在非线性作用关系,但与经济创新转型能力具有非线性关系。因此,要合理引导技术发展方向,发挥技术进步偏向的积极作用;充分发挥“有效市场”和“有为政府”的合力作用,优化创新要素配置;以技术创新、理念革新与机制鼎新抵御潜在风险,增强经济韧性。     

中国城乡收入差距形成的宏观机制分析——中国存在Kuznets倒“U”曲线吗

理论与实证分析表明,决定城乡收入差别的宏观因素主要包括经济发展程度、城乡劳动力负担差异程度与城乡劳动生产率差异。其中,城镇劳动力负担、城乡劳动生产率差距与城乡收入差距负相关,农村劳动力负担与城乡收入距正相关,经济发展程度与城乡收入差距存在倒“U”型关系。为此,要缩小城乡收入差距就需要在继续促进经济快速稳定发展中,坚持市场化改革的方向与现有人口政策,以规模化、科技化和产业化推动传统农业升级,提升农村劳动生产率。     

我国上市公司过度投资行为的识别

由于股东和经理之间存在信息不对称而产生的代理成本问题,使得经理有过度投资的倾向,但是原有过度投资的检验方法并未能准确地界定过度投资行为。本文在综合考虑项目投资的期限、投资的行业差异和投资收益情况因素后确定了过度投资行为的判断标准,在此基础上进行过度投资的识别可以更好地发现存在过度投资的企业,并为进一步研究过度投资的治理提供准确的数据支持。过度投资上市公司在负债比例、投资年度的收益以及是否处于战略扩张阶段等方面和其他上市公司存在显著差异。     

Contests with spying: A comment

The subject of the following comment is a paper by Baik and Shogren which has been published in this journal (Vol. 11, No. 3 (1995) pp. 441–451). In their game-theoretic model, Baik and Shogren connect the informational states of the agents in a way which leads to inconsistencies.