基于科学发展观的河南区域城镇化水平研究

在科学发展观的指导下,按照以人为本、全面、协调、可持续的原则,构建河南省城镇化水平的评价指标体系;收集、整理城镇化水平评价数据,运用主成分分析法和聚类分析法对河南省城镇化水平进行评价;提出城镇化发展的方向和对策。     

基于指标法和主成分分析法的地区优势产业选择与评价

利用重要的单指标对包头市的优势产业进行了粗选,结合包头市的实际情况,设计了包头市优势产业评价的指标体系,选择了比较城市,运用主成分分析法,选择出了包头市的优势产业。     

规则模糊系统和ICA在图像识别中的应用

利用模糊系统中的模糊规则和SVM中内积函数之间的关系,通过支持向量机对训练样本进行学习,由支持向量确定模糊规则,构建基于规则的模糊分类器。对人脸图像做独立成分分析,提取有利于分类的面部特征的主要独立成分。该模糊系统在ORL人脸库上的实验结果表明,该方法同样适合解决小样本、非线性、高维模式的分类问题。     

Assessing the Impact of the ‘Decoupling’ Reform of the Common Agricultural Policy on Irish Farmers’ Off‐farm Labour Market Participation Decisions

This paper assesses the impact of the ‘decoupling’ reform of the Common Agricultural Policy on the labour allocation decisions of Irish farmers. The agricultural household decision‐making model provides the conceptual and theoretical framework to examine the interaction between government subsidies and farmers’ time allocation decisions. The relationship postulated is that ‘decoupling’ of agricultural support from production would probably result in a decline in the return to farm labour but it would also lead to an increase in household wealth. The effect of these factors on how farmers allocate their time is tested empirically using labour participation and labour supply models. The models developed are sufficiently general for application elsewhere. The main findings for the Irish situation are that the decoupling of direct payments is likely to increase the probability of farmers participating in the off‐farm employment market and that the amount of time allocated to off‐farm work will increase.     

Design efficiency for non‐market valuation with choice modelling: how to measure it,what to report and why*

We review the basic principles for the evaluation of design efficiency in discrete choice modelling with a focus on efficiency of WTP estimates from the multinomial logit model. The discussion is developed under the realistic assumption that researchers can plausibly define a prior belief on the range of values for the utility coefficients. D‐, A‐, B‐, S‐ and C‐errors are compared as measures of design performance in applied studies and their rationale is discussed. An empirical example based on the generation and comparison of fifteen separate designs from a common set of assumptions illustrates the relevant considerations to the context of non‐market valuation, with particular emphasis placed on C‐efficiency. Conclusions are drawn for the practice of reporting in non‐market valuation and for future work on design research.     

统筹城乡发展与经济发展互动关系研究——以福建省为例

在指出福建省统筹城乡发展过程中存在城乡收入差距拉大、城乡消费水平不断拉大、城乡公共品供给差距显著、城乡产业发展不协调等问题的基础上,运用主成份分析方法、相关分析法和GRANGE因果分析法进行实证分析,论证了经济发展与统筹城乡发展的关系。结果表明:福建省的经济发展与统筹城乡的相关性较大,而且两者之间存在着一种单向的因果关系,城乡统筹发展会促进社会经济的发展,而经济社会的发展又会带动农村的发展,但经济发展不会自动缩小城乡差距,需要政府的作为。     

国有林场改革成效评价——职工获得感的统计分析

利用国有林场职工监测数据,基于物质维度和精神维度,从改革后职工自身的收益情况、职工对林场的整体评价、职工对林场管理方式的评价等方面,采用比较分析法和主成分分析法对国有林场改革职工获得感进行分析。研究结果表明:国有林场改革后职工获得感有所提升,改革进程与职工获得感呈强正相关性,改革促进了林场的可持续发展。但林场整体基础设施环境一般,场部相对较好,管护站点则较差。同时,在领导班子建设方面应注重自主、公平,仍需提高领导水平。     

水源地突发水污染政府应急预留水量需求预测

近年来,随着工业化和产业化的快速发展,水源地突发水污染事件频发。为应对紧急情况下的水资源非常规需求,保障经济社会稳定发展,政府需要安排一部分应急预留水量。如何合理预测政府应急预留水量的规模是一个值得探讨的课题。提出了一种基于案例推理技术的政府应急预留水量需求预测方法,具体思路是:借助于案例库,利用主成分分析法从众多影响水源地突发水污染事件的因素中提取出两两不相关的因子,以此作为案例的特征属性,基于加权曼哈顿距离测算相似度,依此得到匹配案例,进而测算政府应急预留水量。以太湖流域常州地区水源地为例,进行政府预留水量需求量的预测与分析。该方法可以为政府应急预留水量的配置、储备等提供相关理论知识。     

Modeling farmers’ decisions on tea varieties in Vietnam: a multinomial logit analysis

This article analyzes households’ choice on tea varieties in Vietnam by using a multinomial logit model. The modeling takes into account the issue of unobserved individual heterogeneity and the endogeneity of some explanatory variables (use of chemical and organic fertilizers). The results show that important factors influencing the decision to adopt one type of tea varieties include income, age, household size, farming contract, and use of organic fertilizers, but also membership of professional associations such as the Tea Association and the Farmers Union.     

耕地质量影响因素区域差异分析及提升途径研究——以河南省新郑市为例

研究目的:分析研究影响耕地质量的主要障碍因素及其区域差异,明确不同区域耕地质量提升的主要途径和重点建设内容,以提高耕地质量提升工程建设的针对性和实效性。研究方法:相关分析法,主成分分析法,聚类分析法。研究结果:(1)土壤质地、有机质、全氮、速效磷、速效钾、灌溉率是影响耕地质量的主要因素,与粮食单产间均呈线性正相关关系,影响因素相互间也有影响,存在着显著的相关关系;(2)单产影响因素的重要性存在明显差异,其重要性序次为:灌溉率、速效磷、全氮、有机质、速效钾、土壤质地,重要性系数分别依次为0.188、0.179、0.173、0.167、0.156、0.136;(3)新郑市的耕地可划分为3种类型的整治区,不同类型区的耕地质量及其影响因素差异明显,丘岗地区的耕地质量最差,是农田整治的重点区,主要障碍因素是灌溉率低、土壤肥力差。研究结论:新郑市不同区域耕地质量提升的主要途径不同,丘岗地区和砂土平原区主要是提高农田灌溉率和培肥土壤,山前平原区主要是提高土壤磷肥肥力。