利用卫星遥感技术辅助城乡规划督察成果应用研究——以2008～2011年郑州市动态监测成果为例

遥感影像具有重复成像的特点,利用卫星遥感技术能动态地反映城市建设用地变化的过程信息,因此卫星遥感技术辅助城乡规划督察成为有效应用遥感技术的主要方法之一。本文采用郑州市2008～2011年连续四年度的利用卫星遥感技术辅助城乡规划动态监测成果进行归纳,分析反映城乡建设行为的变化图斑的规律和特点,通过地理信息系统及相关统计手段研究2008～2011年四年间郑州市城市建设用地的特点及趋势,对遥感监测成果的进一步应用做可行性探讨。     

国家高新区提高了城市创新力吗

以我国2001-2016年240个地级市作为样本,基于国家高新区这一准自然实验,利用复旦大学产业发展研究中心发布的2017年《中国城市和产业创新力报告》中城市创新指数数据,基于双重差分(DID)法,评估其对城市创新力的影响。研究发现：①国家高新区设立可以显著提高所在城市创新能力,并呈现出随时间逐渐增强的动态发展趋势;②高新区的设立对城市创新能力提高的作用受所在地区初始要素禀赋影响,对初始要素禀赋具有比较优势的地区创新能力提升的促进效应更显著,对不同地区、不同等级、不同规模城市及不同城市群产生差异化影响。结论表明, 应充分结合各地区禀赋条件,将高新区更多设立在要素禀赋具有比较优势的地区。     

城市三维形态与热环境的相关关系研究——以大连市金普新区为例

由城市各种实体空间结构所构成的三维形态是城市形态的重要组成部分。而城市的空间结构与城市空间环境的热场分布也有着密不可分的关系。本文运用地理信息系统与遥感技术,获取三维形态指标与地表温度,对各因子进行回归分析,建立城市空间形态热场分布研究的回归模型。分析了金普新区空间实体的占空度、错落度、建筑密度等空间形态对城市亮度温度的影响,发现占空度与城市亮温成正相关并且相关性较高,绿化率与亮温成负相关,而建筑密度与错落度对城市热场的影响较小。     

城市故事论--一种后现代城市设计的建构性思维

以城市故事的概念来建立一种后现代城市设计的建构性思维,分析城市意义要素类型和营构特性,追求城市的整体生态价值以及环境的公正价值观.研究城市故事空间的的系统性、多元性、深层性和差异性,强调对自然生态系统、人类历史文化以及市民空间行为的重视.     

城市土地空间结构演变及其驱动机制分析

城市土地利用空间结构及其演变一直是城市地理学、城市经济学、城市规划学、土地利用学等学科研究的核心与热点问题.当前我国城市土地利用正处在快速城市化的开端,在未来近半个多世纪的时期中,将一直处于急剧突变进程之中.加强对我国城市土地空间结构演变及其驱动机制的研究,有助于我们从城市用地结构演变的根源分析问题.本文简要概括了城市土地利用空间结构的相关研究,分析了城市用地空间结构演变在空间上的两种表现形式,并在此基础上分析了城市用地空间结构演变的动力主体、驱动力和驱动机制,以期为更好地促进城市土地利用结构的优化提供相应的参考.     

我国对城市社区分异的研究综述

本文通过对我国近20年有关城市社区分异研究的系统总结,论述了城市社区分异的社会和地域背景;在对城市社区分异的具体影响因素分析前提下,得出城市社区分异的三大机制,并指出城市社区分异的类型和分异趋势、分异中出现的问题及对策.     

公私合作伙伴:城市治理的新模式

随着经济全球化、市场化、信息化和网络化的发展,传统的城市管理模式被现代城市治理模式所替代,而全面构筑公私伙伴关系,又成为城市治理的新模式.本文重点对城市公私合作伙伴治理进行了理论和案例分析,并简要提出了构筑我国城市公私合作伙伴治理体系的政策选择.     

Impacts of urban renewal on the place identity of local residents – a case study of Sunwenxilu traditional commercial street in Zhongshan City,Guangdong Province,China

ABSTRACT

This paper studies the impacts of urban renewal on local residents’ place identity by examining the changes in local residents’ place identity in Sunwenxilu, a traditional commercial street in downtown Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province, China, which carried out urban renewal relatively early in modern China. Applying Breakwell’s [(2015). Risk: Social psychological perspectives. In J. D. Wright (Ed.), International encyclopedia of the social & behavioral sciences (2nd Ed.). New York, NY: Elsevier] identity process model and using the renewal process as a starting point, data concerning local residents’ place identity in Sunwenxilu were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and literature analysis. The results reveal that local residents had established a strong place identity on Sunwenxilu before it changed to be a community of “incompetents” in the 1990s. In the late 1990s, Sunwenxilu was transformed into a cultural tourism pedestrian street. Right after the transformation, local residents regained their self-esteem with the improvement of the physical environment and intensification of cultural symbols, and re-established their place continuity by maintaining their collective memories. However, a failure to improve the local residents’ self-efficiency of place during the “superficial” renewal had resulted in vulnerability of the local residents’ place identity in terms of self-esteem, continuity and distinctiveness, thus causing another crisis of place identity. Obviously, the construction of place identity results from the interaction of all elements, so too much emphasis on only one element may trigger a new identity crisis.     

Urban destination loyalty drivers and cross-national moderator effects: The case of Barcelona

The objective of this paper is to analyze the loyalty of tourists to urban tourism destinations, studying the differences existing on the basis of nationality of origin. The review of the academic literature identified perceived value and satisfaction as antecedents of loyalty. A theoretical model was constructed which was tested empirically with a total of 927 surveys of Italian and American tourists in the city of Barcelona. In the study of the data, structural equation models (SEM) were used, by means of a multi-group analysis. The empirical results show that the causal relationships among perceived value, satisfaction and loyalty and the moderating effect of nationality are partially confirmed. This study contributes to better knowledge of the processes that lead tourists to be loyal to an urban tourism destination.     

Off-season tourists and the cultural offer of a mass-tourism destination: The case of Rimini

This paper assesses the potential implications on off-season tourism of enhancing the cultural offer of Rimini, a popular Italian seaside holiday destination hosting about 12 million overnight stays per year. Since more than 9 million of these stays are concentrated in the summer season, in the last 20 years. Rimini has been undergoing a policy of seasonality smoothing, which mainly pivots around business and cultural tourism. This assessment has been carried out through discrete choice experiments submitted to a sample of about 800 tourists who visited Rimini outside the summer months. Since tourism can be viewed as a composite good, which overall utility depends on how the component characteristics are arranged, the choice experiments allow to disentangle the importance and the willingness to pay of tourists for different attributes of the holiday. The choice model incorporates a number of possible changes to actual tourism features (which are also the subject of public debate), including them in hypothetical alternative “holiday packages”. The conditional logit analysis of the choice experiments can highlight any synergy or trade-off between cultural and business tourism. Results suggest that business and leisure tourists share many features related to the use of the territory, while there are important trade-offs between these two groups and cultural tourists. Since business tourists have a higher willingness to extend their stay, a softer budget, and their demand is also complementary to the demand of summer tourists (Brau, Scorcu, & Vici, 2009), from the destination point of view investing in this market segment would be the best option. Although a “second best”, however, cultural tourists share with the local population of Rimini many aspects of the demand of territory (Figini, Castellani, & Vici, 2009). Hence, cultural tourism can play a fundamental role in the intermediate season as a tool for smoothing seasonality, to diversify investments and to give value to the city’s cultural heritage.