遗传算法在商业中的应用及其展望

本文介绍当前遗传算法在商业系统中应用研究的一些主要状况,分析商业应用研究的特点,并给出用 Java程序实现的一个具体例子,最后指出下一步遗传算法在商业中应用研究的几个具体方向。     

公平与效率视域中重大科研项目管理机制探析——基于电动汽车重大科技专项管理实证研究

从“十五”国家电动汽车重大科技专项实践的实证研究出发,分析科研活动中公平与效率的实现方式,认为公平与效率可以通过信息公开机制、竞争机制、第三方监理机制实现两者的和谐统一。     

对2002年度汽车类上市公司投资价值的因子分析

本文运用因子分析方法,对2002年度汽车类上市公司的有关财务数据进行了评析,并据此对公司的综合得分进行了排序,以期能较好的反映企业的实际经营情况。     

Highway Spending and Induced Vehicle Emissions: Evidence from the US states

This paper investigates the impact of state and local government highway spending on vehicle emissions. A theoretical framework is constructed to show the effect of government highway spending on passenger and freight vehicle emissions and decompose the effect into a rebound effect, an induced demand effect and an interaction effect. We then develop an empirical strategy and combine state-level data in the US to test the induced CO2 emissions by government highway spending. We find that there are positive and significant total effects of government highway spending on passenger and freight vehicle emissions. The magnitude of these effects, however, significantly differs from one another as the elasticity of freight vehicle emissions with respect to government highway spending is four times larger than that in the passenger sector. The difference can be plausibly explained by the rebound effect and the interaction effect. We argue that policies regarding government spending on highway projects, especially those relying on cost-benefit analysis, should account for the potential difference in induced environmental impacts between passenger and freight vehicles.     

基于知识流动网络评价的技术融合趋势研究

技术融合过程在微观层面体现于技术领域之间的知识流动，已有研究方法适用于单个技术领域，不适用于产生融合的多技术之间。构建了基于知识流动网络评价的技术融合趋势研究框架，并选取无人机领域的专利数据进行实证研究。结果表明，以Tech1为例，其所参与的技术融合类型趋势以互补性融合为主，主要知识流动方向趋势以吸收知识为主。     

小波分析在车辆工程中的应用

小波理论是近年来迅速发展起来的新兴学科,由于它具有理论的深刻性与应用十分广泛的双重意义,小波分析在工程中受到越来越广泛的应用.本文介绍了小波分析的优点,小波分析在车辆工程中的应用.     

中国电动汽车技术演进分析：行动者网络视角

从专利、车型和销量着手，将中国电动汽车发展进程大体划分为3个阶段，即纯电动汽车阶段、混合动力汽车和燃料电池汽车同步发展中纯、电动汽车和混合动力汽车竞相发展阶段、以纯电动汽车为主导的发展阶段。每一阶段行动者网络不同，关键行动者也不尽相同。基于行动者网络理论对中国电动汽车技术创新演进过程进行研究，得到以下结论：①中国电动汽车技术创新行动者网络主体和结构的改变影响着电动汽车相关技术创新的选择与发展；②非人类行动者在电动汽车技术创新演进过程中发挥着重要作用；③中国电动汽车技术创新演进是不同时期行动者网络成员共同作用的结果。     

An overview of current research and developments in urban air mobility – Setting the scene for UAM introduction

Recent technological advances provide the means for potentially realizing urban air mobility (UAM) as a passenger transport mode for intra- and inter-urban transport. However, questions regarding regulations, infrastructure requirements, and economic constraints remain to be answered. Therefore, this review aims at giving an overview on different research areas in the emerging topic of UAM. To this end, findings from several fields within the UAM research community were gathered and are presented here to provide a landscape of relevant questions surrounding the implementation of UAM. This overview considers vehicle-related aspects, such as aircraft requirements and aircraft classification for intra- and inter-city passenger transport, and discusses potential hurdles to their introduction. The exploration of challenges includes questions on certification and policy, as well as challenges in the area of traffic management and ground infrastructure requirements. Besides that, literature on operational concepts, possible market structures and the interaction with existing transport systems will be reviewed. The discussion of hurdles will conclude with a summary of current literature on public acceptance of UAM. An overview of methods for modelling and simulation of UAM will wrap up the prior discussion and provide insights on first modelling results.     

Green logistics at Eroski: A case study

In today’s highly competitive environment, green logistics issues are gaining interest. This paper analyses how logistics managers could lead the initiative in this area by incorporating environmental management principles into their daily decision-making process. A case study is given to show how they can turn practices into green while simultaneously meet the efficiency objectives. We have chosen one of the leader companies of the Spanish food distribution sector to check this hypothesis. The study covers the introduction of several changes into its fleet management and the implementation of a methodology to solve vehicle routing problems with environmental criteria minimisation.     

Feasibility on the integration of passenger and freight transportation in rural areas: A service mode and an optimization model

Public transport operators in rural areas have been under pressure from weak profitability and emission issues. At the same time, scattered demand for transport has been preventing logistics systems from reaching the last mile in residential areas. Multimodal transport can synergistically integrate passenger and freight demand, increase transportation network coverage, and reduce the cost of transportation, while demand-driven services improve the flexibility and reliability of operational decisions. Therefore, this paper proposes a demand-driven passenger-and-freight-integration service (DDPFIS) mode. From the perspective of routing decisions, a new mixed-integer linear programming model based on the green vehicle routing problem is formulated to assist public transport operator’s complex decision-making. In the proposed model, vehicle capacity is fully utilized through a combination of passenger and freight demand so that optimal decisions are made about vehicle routing. Numerical experiments are designed and conducted based on realistic instances with the results indicating that: the DDPFIS mode enables effective integration of different demands, leading to high-level vehicle capacity utilization and cost reduction; and compared with two conventional models of vehicle routing problems, the proposed model achieves lower fuel consumption and cost for all problem sizes. In addition, some important management insights are provided, e.g., a greater proportion of integrated service nodes is not necessarily better; and it is more suitable to provide a service for rural residents who are relatively insensitive to time.