新能源汽车创新生态系统演进风险及应对策略

结合创新生态系统理论,以比亚迪新能源汽车为例,分析新能源汽车创新生态系统内涵与演进过程,研究新能源汽车创新生态系统3个演进阶段依次存在的系统脆弱性风险、盲目扩张风险和匹配依赖风险,并围绕创新驱动、创造需求及利用环境3个方面提出风险应对策略,旨在为我国新能源汽车企业降低创新风险,进行创新生态系统升级提供理论指导与策略支持。     

车载导航系统USB数据下载的设计与实现

为了提高车载导航系统中文件下载的速度,提出了给系统增加USB接口的设计方法。对总体设计进行了概述,并分别给出了系统的硬件设计及固件程序和应用程序设计。测试结果证明USB给车载导航系统提供了一种可靠、高效的文件传输方式。     

小波分析在车辆工程中的应用

小波理论是近年来迅速发展起来的新兴学科,由于它具有理论的深刻性与应用十分广泛的双重意义,小波分析在工程中受到越来越广泛的应用.本文介绍了小波分析的优点,小波分析在车辆工程中的应用.     

R&D portfolios in environmentally friendly automotive propulsion: Variety, competition and policy implications

In this article, we analyze R&D portfolios in environmentally friendly automotive propulsion including alternative fuel options. We argue that at the current stage of development, substitution of conventional car technology by a new automotive propulsion technology may lead to premature lock-in of suboptimal technology. To avoid such lock-in, one should value the variety of current R&D activity that enables organizations to learn from multiple options and to create spillovers between options. We further argue that the existence of technological variety is not a sufficient condition to avoid lock-in. Organizational variety is also required to sustain competition and avoid the dominance of few firms that possibly enforce a suboptimal technology within the sector. To assess whether recent developments in R&D have led to both technological variety and organizational competition, we analyze United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) patents in low-emission vehicles (LEVs) during the period 1980–2001 using entropy statistics. Results show that both technological variety and organizational competition have increased steadily since the early nineties, suggesting that premature lock-in is unlikely to occur. From an environmental policy evaluation perspective, we consider the findings as a positive evaluation of the 1990 Californian Low Emission Vehicle program.     

车辆购置税税收制度对环境治理的影响--以京津冀地区的污染防治为例

改革开放以来,我国在推动经济高速发展的同时,疏忽了环境污染的问题,京津冀地区的污染问题尤其严重。京津冀区域环境污染已经成为制约京津冀地区经济可持续发展的最大问题。在解决环境污染的过程中,不同的治理手段,会对财税政策的改革产生不同程度的影响,促使财税政策的改革进一步调整和完善。本文基于库兹涅茨曲线模型,利用京津冀三地2008-2017年的面板数据,检验车辆购置税征收情况与不同污染排放的关系。实证研究结果表明:我国现阶段车辆购置税征收与废气污染排放量呈显著的负相关关系、与噪声污染的产生呈较为显著的负相关关系,与工业废水排放则呈不显著的负相关关系。     

基于MVB总线的动车组门控系统的设计与仿真研究

多功能车辆总线（MVB）是列车通信网络标准中明确定义的通信协议，用于车辆内部各功能设备间的信息传榆，介绍了动车组门控设备与MVB的通信方式和拓扑结构，提出了基于LabVIEW和SimuLink混合编程的门控系统设计方案，并对该系统的主要功能，技术特点，软件实现和上位机监控界面的设计方案等方面进行了简单阐述。     

我国住房抵押贷款证券化模式研究

本文陈述了我国住房抵押贷款的发展历程和现状,对美国住房抵押贷款证券化模式进行了介绍与分析,并与之进行对比,从而发现我国住房抵押贷款证券化推进过程中存在的问题和障碍。最后充分结合我国具体国情和住房抵押贷款现状,借鉴美国成功经验,重点对我国住房抵押贷款证券化模式进行了研究与探索,提出了试点方案,为住房抵押贷款在我国的全面推行提供理论参考。     

俄罗斯载人飞船无线通信技术的进展

本文简要说明了载人飞船通信技术的复杂性,分析了俄罗斯“东方”、“月球探测”、“礼炮”和“联盟”号飞船的通信技术进展,指出了俄罗斯载人飞船通信技术的发展方向。     

基于人机工程学汽车驾驶员理想坐姿的研究

运用人机工程学原理，研究了汽车驾驶过程中驾驶员的最佳坐姿问题。从人体测量、生物力学、作业空间等方面，参照相关设计标准及国标分析并设计了不同身高驾驶员的理想坐姿指标参数。     

Highway Spending and Induced Vehicle Emissions: Evidence from the US states

This paper investigates the impact of state and local government highway spending on vehicle emissions. A theoretical framework is constructed to show the effect of government highway spending on passenger and freight vehicle emissions and decompose the effect into a rebound effect, an induced demand effect and an interaction effect. We then develop an empirical strategy and combine state-level data in the US to test the induced CO2 emissions by government highway spending. We find that there are positive and significant total effects of government highway spending on passenger and freight vehicle emissions. The magnitude of these effects, however, significantly differs from one another as the elasticity of freight vehicle emissions with respect to government highway spending is four times larger than that in the passenger sector. The difference can be plausibly explained by the rebound effect and the interaction effect. We argue that policies regarding government spending on highway projects, especially those relying on cost-benefit analysis, should account for the potential difference in induced environmental impacts between passenger and freight vehicles.