试论超限超载运输长效治理机制的建立

基于对当前治理超限超载运输工作中所存在问题和建立长效治理机制必要性的分析,文中提出治理超限超载运输工作要建立长效治理机制的观点和建议.为建立长效治理机制并提高长效治理的有效性,文章提出4项具体的治理措施,即建立健全治理超限超载运输法律的建设、加速进行动态轴重检测装置的应用和推广、营运车辆配备电子营运证、培育健康正常的市场经济环境.     

特种车队培训工作的几点思考和建议

随着石油企业发展步伐的加快,将在更新管理手段、引入经营理念等领域进行改革。随着新设备、新技术的大量投入运用,在强化职工培训、提高员工素质等人力资源方面进行改革和探索变得尤为重要。     

车辆路径问题的可靠性研究

首先分析车辆路径问题中随机因素,以及现有考虑行程时间波动的车辆路径问题,从而确立以配送车辆为研究对象,建立对应的行程时间可靠性模型,以不超过规定值,用来适应处理交通状态的不确定性。通过粒子群算法求解,验证表明,考虑道路运行的不确定对车辆调度的影响,制定的车辆调度方案能够更加可靠,对于配送过程更加有效。     

The potential of optimization in communal routing problems: case studies from Finland

In many European countries, municipalities offer their inhabitants a wide variety of social services. In this paper we will focus on efficiently scheduling home care, transportation of the elderly, and home meal delivery. These so-called municipal or communal routing problems can be modeled as different variants of the vehicle routing problem, a well-known optimization problem from the literature. We present a focused literature review and report on case studies using Finnish data. The computational results show that there is a significant potential for cost savings for all applications considered.     

Profiling road transport activity: Emissions from 2000 to 2005 in Ireland using national car test data

This work describes a methodology for determining the average vehicle kilometres travelled by the private national car fleet in Ireland and estimating the disaggregated CO₂ and NO_x emissions from private vehicles in the Irish road transport sector for the period 2000–2005 using national car test records. The developed methodology facilitates the calculation of greatly improved estimates for vehicle kilometres under a range of constraint variables and thereby enables the disaggregated analysis of specific vehicle fleet groups and their associated activity patterns to support evidence-based policy development. The results indicate that while older vehicles are contributing significantly to car NO_x emissions; newer cars produce a higher share of CO₂ emissions than older cars in the vehicle fleet.     

基于前后轮侧偏角的汽车自动转向头灯转角计算及联合仿真研究

由于汽车前照灯转角和汽车的运动状态有关,而汽车的运动状态又受轮胎侧偏特性的影响,因此本文利用前后轮侧偏角的绝对值之差来修正前照灯理论转角;然后,我们在simulink中建立步进电机仿真模型,在ADAMS中建立前照灯减速机构虚拟样机模型,再通过两者组合成前照灯转角开环控制系统,并把前照灯理论转角输给该开环控制系统,得出了前照灯的实际输出转角对需求理论转角的跟随曲线。     

RSB-CWS算法解决CVRP问题

RSB-CWS算法结合了蒙特卡洛模拟和CWS节省算法,利用蒙特卡洛模拟对CWS算法节省列表中顾客对间的边进行模拟,模拟过程中采用基于类几何分布的直接抽样方法进行路径采样。对模拟得到的边序列应用CWS算法,所得解的质量能达到或者优于当前最优解.与其他CVRP问题算法相比具有高效、高质量的特点,且可以解决规模较大的CVRP问题。     

A Green Vehicle Routing Problem

A Green Vehicle Routing Problem (G-VRP) is formulated and solution techniques are developed to aid organizations with alternative fuel-powered vehicle fleets in overcoming difficulties that exist as a result of limited vehicle driving range in conjunction with limited refueling infrastructure. The G-VRP is formulated as a mixed integer linear program. Two construction heuristics, the Modified Clarke and Wright Savings heuristic and the Density-Based Clustering Algorithm, and a customized improvement technique, are developed. Results of numerical experiments show that the heuristics perform well. Moreover, problem feasibility depends on customer and station location configurations. Implications of technology adoption on operations are discussed.     

车辆路线安排的一种改进节约算法

首先介绍了求解路线安排的节约算法,指出了其存在的不足,然后提出了一种改进的节约算法,可以更好地解决车辆路线安排问题。     

Vehicle currency pricing and its positive welfare consequences under optimal monetary policy

Using a two-country general equilibrium model, this paper analytically derives the possibility of positive welfare consequences of vehicle currency use in invoicing international trades. Such vehicle currency use is prominent in the data. The literature points out welfare loss under optimal monetary policy due to vehicle currency pricing relative to the flexible price equilibrium outcome, modeling only tradable goods. By introducing nontradable goods and their sector-specific productivity shocks, this paper provides a closed-form condition under which one country's welfare is higher under optimal monetary policy if its exports are invoiced with the other country's currency than if invoiced with its own currency, given that the other country's exports are invoiced with the producer's currency. That is, this paper derives a condition under which vehicle currency pricing is preferred by the nonvehicle currency country to producer currency pricing.