我国钢铁业产业内贸易的实证研究

文章从整体和分类两个层面上对我国钢产量居世界第一以来的钢铁业产业内贸易的水平和结构进行了实证研究。结果表明,我国钢铁业产业内贸易水平较低,贸易变动主要由产业间贸易引起;而且钢铁业的垂直型产业内贸易水平较低,产业内贸易以水平型产业内贸易为主。我国为此应该采取相关对策,促进钢铁业产业内贸易的发展。     

农业减量化：农户经营的规模逻辑及其证据

本文将农户分为五种类型,并将农地规模分解为地块规模、经营规模与连片规模,由此构建“农户类型—规模形式—减量化行为”的分析框架,进而阐明农户减量化的规模逻辑。基于农户问卷的实证分析表明:①对于所有样本农户来说,地块规模越大,减施量越高。其中,追求产量最大化的生产型小农,减施量与经营规模呈“倒U”型变化,而追求多元化经营的功能型小农,减施量随经营规模的扩大而增加;②农户连片规模扩大,减施量就增高,并且能够增强地块规模扩大以及经营规模扩大对减施的促进作用;③农户社会服务卷入程度加深,能够增强地块规模、经营规模和连片规模扩大对减施的促进作用。据此,农业减量化,应鼓励农户开展连片种植,形成生产性服务的市场容量,然后诱导服务供应商提供专业化服务,进而实现服务规模经营对农地规模经营的替代。     

出口商品结构竞争力国际比较——基于传统差别化与替代弹性视角的实证研究

本文在出口商品结构传统认识和分析的基础上，导入出口商品替代弹性，并用来计算、分析、比较世界贸易主要国家和地区的出口商品结构竞争力，从而得出中国出口商品多样性世界第一，但出口商品结构整体竞争力为世界第十三位。解决问题的路径是从产业技术R＆D入手，以自主创新实现出口商品结构高度化的领先能力。     

厂商的密集性进入与产业链纵向关系治理——基于中国汽车产业的分析

随着产业进入管制的逐步放松,厂商的密集性进入不仅改变了产业链的横向市场结构,也为产业链纵向关系治理模式的重新选择创造条件.面对中国汽车产业发展的这一现状,本文在文献回顾的基础上,通过对一个连续古诺模型的分析,认为下游整车厂商的密集性进入将导致产业链的部分或完全分拆,其具体形式取决于初始状态和上游厂商的数量.最后,结合国际经验以及国内新近产业政策设计和汽车企业的策略实践辅以论证说明.     

Why has China’s vertical specialization declined?

Vertical specialization (VS) is quantified by the VS share, which measures the average import content per dollar of exports. A characteristic of China’s export trade is its strong dependence on assembly and processing activities. To take proper account of this, China’s VS shares should explicitly distinguish processing export production from other production. We estimate China’s annual VS shares from 2000 to 2012—the latest year for which a special input–output table is available that makes such an explicit distinction. We find that VS shares increased from 2000 to 2004 and subsequently started to decrease. To explore why it has declined, we introduce a new structural decomposition approach. We find that the decrease of the VS share appears to have been driven mainly by the substitution of imported intermediates by domestic products. This occurred in particular in the production of exports, which implies an upgrading of China’s position in global value chains.     

Market structure and demand-side substitutability of chained urban hotel segments

This study analyzes how the demand in hotel markets is divided amongst chained hotel segments. Hypotheses regarding consumers’ switching behavior due to changes in income levels and relative prices are tested using data from 25 major urban markets in the United States, encompassing segments ranging from luxury to economy over 43 quarters. The effects of differentiation and market concentration are also investigated in this context. The results suggest that leisure and individual consumers of the low-scale segments may be trading “up” to higher scales when their income increase, but that upscale segments’ corporate consumers are not necessarily trading “down” when Corporate Income fall. In addition, only low-scale segments appear to be substitutes to upscale segments, but the inverse seems not to be true. Also, properties in mid-range segments are found to be the only ones benefiting from a high market concentration, while low-scale properties turn out to be the ones gaining from differentiation through price.     

海西发展战略与固定资产投资需求分析

政府有关部门根据海峡西岸经济区发展战略制定了该区域近中远期的经济发展目标，以这些发展目标作为预测海西区域资金总需要的重要约束条件。利用变量的样本时间序列得出福建省全社会固定资产投资的预测模型，以2009年作为预测基期，得出纵向预测结果。同时，将其与先发地区进行横向比较，获得经验性的数据以对纵向预测结果进行修正，据此得出福建近中远期的全社会固定资产投资的预测值。     

欧盟食品接触性活性和智能材料及物品新规（（EC）No450／2009）解读

文章从（EC）No450／2009谈起，对其进行详细解读，并以此为起点，解析整个欧盟的食品包装材料的法律框架，并对欧盟的后续工作进行了展望。     

Systems science serves enterprise integration: a tutorial

Enterprise integration is a major global challenge of these times. It is now possible for a new generation of practitioners to engage this challenge selectively by applying a recently articulated version of systems science (WSS). This tutorial paper argues that a half-century of disarray of the systems field can be seen as ending; and that the distillation of WSS to support a wide variety of application areas (in this instance, enterprise integration) can occupy practitioners as they harness the work program of complexity (WPOC) selectively. Carrying out the WPOC yields predictable portfolio components, consisting of a well-defined mix of tangible and intangible products. The three causes of poor intellectual productivity identified by Kenneth Boulding are nullified when appropriate role matching is achieved between WSS and enterprise integration.     

欧盟促进可再生能源使用指令2009／28／EC概述

文章介绍了欧盟可再生能源政策的概况，以及促进可再生能源使用指令2009／28／EC。指令规定到2020年，整个欧盟的能源消耗中至少有20％来自可再生能源，且每个成员国运输领域的能源消耗中至少有10％来自生物燃料。