Custom fabric ventures: An instructional resource in job costing for the introductory managerial accounting course

Job costing is a core foundational concept in the introductory managerial accounting course. The purpose of this instructional resource (IR) is to provide a thorough hands-on, active learning resource that will allow introductory students to experience a full set of accounting and management activities necessary to produce a job and assign production costs to it. For example, the IR requires students to analyze overhead costs, determine the optimal job size, schedule production, calculate the amount of materials to purchase, complete material requisitions, update raw materials records, analyze labor time records, complete a job cost record and address critical thinking questions. The IR was developed for use in a “flipped classroom” in which students work under the guidance of the instructor, but could alternatively be assigned as an unsupervised out-of-class assignment or on-line project. Since the IR was specifically developed as a learning tool for novice introductory managerial accounting students, adequate guidance is provided throughout the activity. However, to add realism and challenge students to think beyond the confines of simple mechanics, management and accounting issues are seeded throughout. Student feedback indicates that the IR not only helps students learn how a job costing system operates, but also helps students become aware of management decisions and accounting issues that impact the costs assigned to a job.     

Decision usefulness of whole-asset operating lease capitalizations

Monson (2001) and Hepp and Scoles (2012) argue that some leased assets should be capitalized at the assets' purchase price (whole-asset value) rather than at the present value of future minimum lease payments (right-of-use asset value). The argument is based in part on the notion that the assets under lease generate future income not the obligation related to future lease payments. To test the notion we compare associations between capitalizations representing whole asset values and current and future return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE) with capitalizations representing right-of-use asset values and current and future ROA and ROE. Our results indicate that the whole-asset annuity values are incrementally associated with future ROA and ROE over right-of-use asset values. We interpret our results to suggest that the current practice of capitalizing future lease payments does not fully reflect the income generation provided by leased assets.     

基于强互惠理论的会计准则变迁研究

强互惠理论将人类的精神活动因素引入制度变迁研究中,扩展了人们将制度作为外部环境的接受者,制度变迁是自发演化过程或理性设计过程简单＂二分法＂的认识。会计准则作为一种制度安排,能够运用制度的理论框架予以分析。本文在强互惠理论博弈解说的基础上,对1992~2006年中国会计准则变迁过程进行分析。研究结论显示：中国会计准则变迁是自发演化与理性设计的统一,中国会计准则变迁过程中体现出自愿性和强制性双重强互惠特征,而且自愿性强互惠是主要特征,政府型强互惠滞后。     

GOVERNMENTAL ACCOUNTING IN NORWAY: A DISCUSSION WITH IMPLICATIONS FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT

Accrual accounting is now being introduced in governmental organizations internationally. Some scholars have, however, questioned this development, implying that other accounting theories, like cameral accounting, should also be considered for use in these organizations. Since Norway is a country, which has not introduced accrual accounting in the governmental sector, the purpose of this paper is to study the evolution of governmental accounting in this country. Based on the Norwegian experiences, the paper aims to present some conclusions for the further international development of governmental accounting.     

会计信息真实性的法律保证

会计信息是经济信息中的重要组成部分，它的真实性决定着宏观和微观经济决策的正确性和准确性，直接影响到国家的经济发展和在国际经济交往中的形象。但长期以来，一些地方政府和企业的领导受利益驱动，提供虚假会计信息，导致会计造假现象十分严重。假数字、假报表充斥着我们经济生活的方方面面，会计打假势在必行。新《会计法》的颁布实施为规范会计行为，净化经济环境，保证会计信息的真实性提供了有力的法律保证。     

Estimating the Equity Risk Premium Using Accounting Fundamentals

This study uses recent developments in the theoretical modelling of the links between unrecorded accounting goodwill, accounting profitability and the cost of equity, together with Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) betas, to estimate the ex-ante equity risk premium in the UK. The results suggest that, over our sample period from 1968 to 1995, the premium has been in the region of 5%. Our estimate lends support to the view that the ex-ante equity risk premium is substantially less than the historical average of the excess of equity returns over the risk-free rate, and is similar to the rates applied recently by UK competition regulators.     

对管理会计的两个评价

本文在对管理会计实践运用和理论研究考察的基础上 ,得出两个基本评价 :一是在实践运用中“用非所书” ,二是在理论研究上“书非所用”。基于管理会计理论和实践的严重背离 ,使我们有必要对其进行重大变革 ,它必须回归到“成本管理”这条道上来 ,而不是其它。     

Macro-accounting and Micro-accounting Relationships in France

This paper discusses the interaction between national accounting and micro-accounting processes and highlights a very specific French characteristic in terms of accounting standardisation: the predominant role played by the State in the standardisation process. This may be explained by the French State's tradition of centralisation, dating back to the Napoleonic period and still very much present. Nonetheless, this high degree of centralisation and co-ordination of the accounting standardisation processes has not resulted in a uniform accounting procedure for all sectors of activity. However, these differences may become gradually less marked, as the main short-term objective of a newly-reorganised body responsible for co-ordinating accounting standards is to provide for a coherent body of doctrine that takes into account the specific characteristics of all the different sectors.     

中美会计信息质量特征比较

从结构、内容、主要质量特征的定义入手,对中美会计信息质量特征进行了比较,并提出了改进与完善我国会计信息质量特征的具体建议。     

完善我国中小企业内部会计控制的思考

在我国,中小企业是国民经济的重要组成部分,近几年发展尤为迅速,但也存在许多问题。文章在阐述我国中小企业内部会计控制的控制权限、组织结构、程序设计、风险意识等方面存在问题的基础上,从企业外部环境、内部环境、监督体系等方面分析了产生问题的原因,并相应提出了完善中小企业会计控制的措施。