Comparative Advantage Indices of Selected Livestock Production Sectors in Brunei Darussalam

Abstract

This study calculates the protection rates and comparative advantage indices of livestock industry in Brunei from an import substitution perspective. Four livestock sub-sectors were being evaluated: broiler, layer, goat and beef cattle. Two measures of government intervention indices were calculated, namely nominal protection rate (NPR) and effective protection rate (EPR). Domestic resource cost (DRC) and resource cost ratio (RCR) indices were computed to determine the comparative advantages of the livestock industry. In general, the results indicate that the livestock industry in Brunei was heavily protected. The study revealed the existence of comparative advantage only for very large farms producing poultry meat and eggs. Similarly in the ruminant sector, goat production appears to have comparative advantage over beef cattle. Small and medium poultry farms and large non-ruminant farms and cattle beef production possess comparative disadvantage despite being highly protected industries.     

我国上市公司财务危机预测指标体系的述评与选择

本文回顾了国内外具有代表性的文献,对其使用预测指标的频数与样本数进行统计,结合锐思数据库取得的数据,得出我国上市公司财务危机预测备选指标体系,具有较好的适用性、可靠性、客观性与有效性。同时,本文指出文献中的一些不足之处,并给出改进建议。     

微表处技术在城市道路应用中的施工控制

微表处以其优良的使用性能和显著的社会经济效益在公路预防性养护中得到广泛应用。文章介绍了微表处技术在市政道路应用过程中的一些问题及处理办法。     

An Empirical Analysis of the Bias and Rationality of Profit Forecasts Published in New Issue Prospectuses

Our study sets out to assess the accuracy of profit forecasts made by IPOs in Hong Kong. We use a variety of measures and tests to examine the accuracy, bias, rationality, and superiority of earnings estimates. The results show that forecast accuracy compares favourably with the findings from the developed economies of Australia, Britain, Canada, and New Zealand. Forecasts are shown to be superior to the predictions from time series models. IPOs tend to underforecast in the sense that actual profits exceed the forecasts. The rationality tests show mixed results. Cross-sectional analyses of forecast accuracy have poor explanatory power although the Big Six reporting accountants are associated with smaller forecast errors.     

Debt, growth and inflation in large European economies: a vector auto-regression analysis

This paper attempts to empirically test the hypothesis that whether debt matters in the EU. This has been performed by examining the potential adverse effects of debt in large European economies on investment, inflation and growth. Using the hybrid cointegration and vector autoregressive models, the findings, based on the period 1970–97, suggest that debt causes significant adverse effects on investment, but its impact on growth is not clear-cut. Moreover, debt appears to be inflationary in most cases in the long run, though produces no clear short run pattern on inflation.     

协调内外需关系的若干理论思考

内需反映一国的内生增长能力,外需反映一国利用国外市场和国外资源实现增长的能力,内外需关系可以用内外需比指标大致衡量。一般而言,内外需呈现相互替代、相互促进的关系。影响内外需关系的因素包括国内市场规模、经济发展阶段、贸易政策与制度等因素,而内外需关系又将影响到产业结构及产业关联、内外经济循环、贸易条件及国民福利等方面。在协调内外需关系方面,政府应扮演重要角色,确定合理的目标及方向。     

高速公路路面改建工程沥青路面早期水损坏原因分析

沥青路面早期的水损害是沥青路面早期损坏的一种主要形式。本文通过大量的现场调查及室内试验,得出沥青路面早期水损坏的主要原因是路面空隙率过大、集料粉尘含量超标、路面油类污染。     

煤电化企业内部环境成本的计量

煤电化企业环境成本是为了预防、恢复或补偿因其生产经营活动所产生或可能产生的环境损害而引起的资产流出或价值的消耗,对其计量就是对环境成本的确认结果予以量化的过程。环境成本的计量应遵循两个重要原则,通常采用三种计量方法:全额计量法;差额计量法;比例计量法。     

关于机器人姿态偏差描述方法的讨论

本文针对国际标准草案 ISO/DP9283中用欧拉角的偏差描述机器人姿态偏差的规定,作者认为三个欧拉角的偏差没有独立的物理意义,不反映机器人姿态偏差的大小,这种描述方法十分不妥;主张以一次转动的转角描述机器人的姿态偏差。     

The Wealth Effects of Capital Investment Decisions: An Empirical Comparison of Korean Chaebol and Non‐Chaebol Firms

Abstract:   This paper investigates the capital investment decisions of Korean firms and their impact on shareholder wealth. Overall, we find positive abnormal returns surrounding the announcements of 697 cases of investment projects during the period 1992–1999. This paper also finds that the investment decisions of business group ( chaebol ‐affiliated) firms do not increase shareholder wealth, while the capital investment decisions of non‐ chaebol firms generate significantly positive abnormal returns. The multivariate tests provide consistent evidence that the announcement effects for chaebol firms are lower than for non‐ chaebol firms, after growth opportunities, investment size and firm size are controlled for. The findings support the view that the organizational structure of Korean chaebols creates an incentive for managers to make non‐value maximizing capital investment decisions.