基于角色视角的分享经济信任机制研究

基于信任理论,从不同角色视角探究各信任要素对分享经济行为意图的影响。通过构建分享经济信任机制概念模型以及实证检验发现：从需求方视角来看,对个体（供给方）3个维度（能力、正直和善意）的信任、对平台善意的信任以及对产品能力的信任对需求意图产生积极地影响。从供给方视角来看,对个体（需求方）能力的信任和对平台3个维度（能力、正直和善意）的信任对供给意图有正向的影响。需求方更关注人与人之间的信任,而供给方则更看重对平台的信任。通过进一步比较还发现,需求方对平台和个体（供给方）的信任聚焦于善意信任,但供给方则是侧重于对平台和个体（需求方）能力的信任。     

An empirical test of trust-building processes and outcomes in sales manager-salesperson relationships

This study examines three trust-building processes and outcomes in sales manager-salesperson relationships. This study, based on a sample of more than 400 business-to-business salespeoples from a variety of industries, shows two trust-building processes (predictive and identification) to be significantly related to salesperson trust in the sales manager. Interpersonal trust was found to be most strongly related to shared values and respect. Trust was directly related to job satisfaction and relationalism, and indirectly related to organizational commitment and turnover intention. Thomas G. Brashear (brashear@mktg.umass.edu) (Ph.D., Georgia State University) is an assistant professor of marketing in the Isenberg School of Management at the University of Massachusetts-Amherst. James S. Boles (jboles@gsu.edu) (Ph.D., Louisiana State University) is an associate professor of marketing in the Robinson College of Business at Georgia State University. His research has appeared in a variety of journals, including theJournal of Marketing, theJournal of Business Research, theJournal of the Academy of Marketing Science, theJournal of Retailing, theJournal of Personal Selling and Sales Management, and theJournal of Applied Psychology. His areas of research interest include personal selling, sales management, key and strategic account management, and business relationships. Danny N. Bellenger (mktdnb@langate.gsu.edu) (Ph.D., University of Alabama) is currently chairman of the Marketing Department in the Robinson College of Business at Georgia State University. His research has appeared in a number of academic journals including theJournal of Marketing Research, theJournal of Marketing, theJournal of Advertising Research, theCalifornia Management Review, theJournal of Retailing, theJournal of Personal Selling and Sales Management, Industrial Marketing Management, and theJournal of Business Research. He has authored four monographs and four textbooks on marketing research, sales, and retailing. Charles M. Brooks (brooks@quinnipiac.edu) (Ph.D., Georgia State University) is an associate professor and chair of the Department of Marketing and Advertising at Quinnipiac University. His research has appeared in theJournal of Business Research, theJournal of Retailing, Marketing Theory, and theJournal of Marketing Theory and Practice.     

‘Who Knows What?’ in New Venture Teams: Transactive Memory Systems as a Micro‐Foundation of Entrepreneurial Orientation

The increasing importance of entrepreneurial behaviour has led scholars to embrace the idea that an entrepreneurial orientation (EO) is an important predictor of firm performance. While EO occupies a central position in strategic entrepreneurship research, scholars have yet to explore its origins in new ventures. Drawing on the knowledge‐based and cognitive views, we theorize that a new venture team's transactive memory system is a cognitive mechanism that spurs the development of an EO. In a field study of high‐tech new ventures in China, we examined the relationship between venture teams’ transactive memory systems (representing the distribution, integration, and utilization of the teams’ knowledge) and EO and the moderating influence of team‐, firm‐, and environment‐level factors. We found that the transactive memory system of a new venture team enhanced their EO and that this relationship was positively influenced by intra‐team trust, the structural organicity of a venture, and environmental dynamism. Our findings provide novel insights into the micro‐foundations of TMS in developing an EO in new ventures.     

软件外包合作关系信任演化路径和模型研究

软件外包企业间相互信任通过合作关系发展起来,而信任的发展又会促进双方谋求更多的合作,从而形成循环向上的发展过程。在伙伴关系前提下,信任演化路径由感觉、感知、感化再到系统管理阶段,由感性信任的逐步积累,进而上升到对理性信任的科学项目化管理。最终合作双方的信任管理能根据不同项目变成不断的良性循环,信任变成了外包企业中的一种文化。     

建立供方关系管理模型,打造采购战略合作伙伴

供应商关系管理是企业采购核心管理的重要问题。根据对供应商进行SWOT分析,识别与企业自身发展方向一致的供应商,拟建立长期合作伙伴关系。从供应商感知模型出发,改善、维系供需关系,并通过建立供应商信任度模型,动态跟踪管理,维护供应商战略合作伙伴关系,稳定供应商团队。     

Can interfirm trust improve firms' cooperation on environmental innovation? The moderating role of environmental hostility

Based on the logic of “trust‐behavior,” we examined the relationship between interfirm cognitive trust, emotional trust, and firms' cooperation on environmental innovation, as well as the moderating role of environmental hostility on the relationship between two dimensions of interfirm trust and cooperation on environmental innovation. Data for the study were collected from 216 firms in China. The results indicated that both interfirm cognitive trust and emotional trust were positively correlated to firms' cooperation on environmental innovation, and the effect of emotional trust on firms' cooperation on environmental innovation was negatively moderated by environmental hostility. Finally, the results were discussed and future directions put forward.     

Employee stock ownership and financial performance in European countries: The moderating effects of uncertainty avoidance and social trust

This study investigates how the effect of employee stock ownership on financial performance may hinge on the diverse cultural and societal contexts of European countries. Based on agency and national culture theories, we hypothesize that the positive relationship between employee stock ownership and return on assets (ROA) is stronger in those nations with lower uncertainty avoidance and higher social trust. Using a multisource, time‐lagged, large‐scale dataset of 1,741 firms from 21 countries in Europe, our multilevel, random coefficient modeling analysis found evidence for these hypotheses, suggesting that uncertainty avoidance and social trust serve as important contextual cues in predicting the linkage between employee stock ownership and financial performance. Our supplemental analysis with distinction between the managerial and nonmanagerial employee stock ownership further indicates managerial employee stock ownership has a direct positive effect on ROA. Although nonmanagerial employee stock ownership had a nonsignificant association with ROA, the relationship was positive and significant when uncertainty avoidance was low and social trust was high. This research contributes to the existing literature by illuminating some of the contextual influences altering the effectiveness of employee stock ownership. Our findings also offer practical suggestions for effectively using employee stock ownership.     

女性高管、信任环境与企业社会责任信息披露——基于自愿披露社会责任报告A股上市公司的经验证据

以2008—2012年沪深两市自愿披露社会责任报告的A股上市公司为样本,实证检验了女性高管对企业社会责任信息披露的影响。研究结论表明,女性高管与企业社会责任信息披露水平显著正相关。进一步研究发现,信任环境对女性高管与企业社会责任信息披露之间的正相关关系产生了促进作用;相对于非国有企业,国有企业女性高管对企业社会责任信息披露水平的正面影响更为显著。