Dynamics of monetary policy spillover: The role of exchange rate regimes

In a time-varying framework, our study investigates the role of exchange rate regimes in explaining monetary policy spillover across a set of AEs and EMEs. We also investigate the channels contributing to the dynamism in the degree of such spillover. We find that the flexible exchange rate regime in the AEs insulates them against the spillover to a relatively larger extent as compared to the managed float regime in the EMEs. We also find that the spillover is strongly time-varying, being influenced by macroeconomic conditions in the centre economy. Risk-taking, portfolio rebalancing, and signaling channels are found to be significant in explaining the rise in spillover in the EMEs, but not in the AEs. The rise in the connectedness of interest rates in the AEs occurred only during the global financial crisis (2008–12), owing to their higher policy coordination with the US. This should not be misconstrued as monetary policy spillover.     

民族地区财政体制改革走向的现实分析——兼议民族区域自治与“省直管县”的相容性

＂省直管县＂财政管理体制改革是突破现行财政体制弊端的重大实践,是行政体制改革的有机组成部分,也是完善分税制改革、提高财政运行绩效的必然选择。在民族地区,民族区域自治与＂省直管县＂财政体制是否相容这一问题引起了众多学者的讨论。本文认为,民族区域自治与＂省直管县＂财政体制存在理论上和法理上的相容性,两者并行不悖。在保持民族性与区域性的基础上,民族地区应适时推进＂省直管县＂财政体制的同向性改革。     

美国城市分区规划的社会排斥

美国城市分区规划属于地方自治权,其产生伊始便带有明显的社会排斥倾向和政府规制色彩,对美国大都市区的居住隔离起到了关键而直接的作用,造成了消极的社会后果,成为打破对黑人的经济与社会隔离、实现城郊协调发展的制度性障碍.     

发展和培养学生自主学习能力,构建和谐、高效课堂

培养和发展学生自主学习能力是近20年来外语教学界极其关注的话题。但对如何从课堂教学入手采取有效的教学策略以促进独立、负责的学习和教学这一问题仍需深入研究。文章提出了在英语教学过程中鼓励学生参与某些课堂教学决策,逐步提高学生的责任意识,以构建和谐高效课堂的几点建议。     

新课改条件下对初中思品作业的设计与评价的探究和实践

在新课标实施背景下,变传统的思品作业布置为新的作业的设计和评价,是时代的要求,是实施新课程标准的要求,是思品课程的本质需要,更是培养学生非智力因素的需要。通过自主选择、合作、实践等类型的作业设计,帮助引领学生转变学习方式,学会学习,赋予思品课作业生命活力。本文从思品课作业的设计与评价这一角度,探讨如何激发学生学习兴趣,提高学习效率,促进学生身心健康发展。     

时间要求与工作-家庭增益的关系研究

本文基于工作要求-资源模型,从积极组织行为学的视角探讨了时间要求与工作-家庭增益的关系,并实证检验了工作自主性和自我效能在其间的调节效应。结果显示：（1）与资源稀缺理论观点一致,工作时间要求与工作-家庭增益负相关,即个体的时间和精力是有限的,当工作时间要求较高时,较难发生工作对家庭的增益;（2）工作自主性和自我效能的调节作用显著,具有较高工作自主性和自我效能的员工通过提高个人满足多重角色需求的能力和获得积极的情绪溢出来降低工作时间对工作-家庭增益的负向影响。     

Getting the most from MBA internships: Promoting intern learning and job acceptance

MBA internships are commonly used for training and recruiting management talent. Yet, research overlooks what makes them effective. A longitudinal study investigates the relationships that goal clarity, autonomy, and prior experience have with MBA intern learning and job acceptance intentions. Results show learning partially mediates the relationship of goal clarity to job acceptance intentions, and that less experienced MBA interns learn more under conditions of high goal clarity and low autonomy (i.e., when their roles are more structured). We discuss how role structures and learning can inform effective training and recruiting of interns, and management of short‐term workers in general. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

CHINESE URBAN MATURE TRAVELERS' MOTIVATION AND CONSTRAINTS BY DECISION AUTONOMY

This study investigated trip motivation of 800 Chinese mature travelers residing in metropolitan areas based on travelers' decision autonomy in planning domestic trips. A two‐step cluster analysis was conducted to segment respondents into mutually exclusive groups according to their autonomy on destination selection, financial source, and trip arrangement. An ANOVA was conducted to examine differences on motivation factors among emergent clusters. Moreover, the resultant clusters were differentiated by travel constraints (i.e., health related and socio‐demographic characteristics) using a logistic regression analysis. Significant relationships among mature travelers' trip autonomy, motivation, and constraints contributed to the understanding of urban mature travelers in China.     

我国村民自治的困境与脱困——兼论《村民委员会组织法》（修订草案）之再改进

本次《村民委员会组织法》（修订草案）提出了完善村民代表会议组成和议事程序、增设村务监督机构的脱困方案,尽管触及了我国村民自治困境的关键所在,但仍无法根治问题。有效的脱困之方是设立村民监督议事会,兼行决策权与监督权,强化民主决策和民主监督环节,促使村委会在工作中实现民主管理。     

Children’s independent mobility in Portugal: effects of urbanization degree and motorized modes of travel

This study is aimed to evaluate the impact of urbanization in children’s independent mobility in Portugal. Mobility licenses, actual mobility, fear of traffic, stranger danger and sense of community were compared in highly, moderately and non urbanized environments and according to gender. Results showed that increase of urbanization leads to a decrease of children’s licenses to independently cross and cycle main roads; go out after dark and go to places other than school. The rising of urbanization leads to an increase of children’s mean age for independent active travel; and at the same time a decrease of independent active school-home travel and leisure time activities. Parental fear regarding traffic is the most frequent cause for concern regarding children’s safety when they are outdoors. Stranger danger and low sense of community are more prevalent in parents from the highly-urbanized environment. Overall, girls enjoy less actual mobility than boys. The discussion shows that children’s freedom of movement in the highly-urbanized setting is very restricted due to a pervasive automobile dependence, proposing a shift from a motorized to a walkable city.