石油工业对中国汽车业发展的影响

近期国际石油价格持续上涨,中国石油相关行业受到了较大的影响,尤其对中国的汽车工业造成冲击。研究与探讨国际、国内石油工业对汽车工业的影响,对中国汽车产业的发展有着重要意义。     

基于DEA模型的中国主要轿车企业生产效率分析

文章利用数据包络分析法(DEA)对中国12家主要的轿车生产企业2001~2004年的生产经营效率进行总体分析与评价,并利用Malquist生产力指数对这些企业的效率变动进行了分析。研究结果表明,中国主要轿车企业的生产经营效率总体上呈现逐年提高之势;同时企业的股权结构、含有外资的企业的股本来源、企业的区域分布以及所属不同企业集团等因素都会使企业在技术效率、纯技术效率与规模效率方面存在差异;动态效率分析的结果表明中国轿车业总体上还处在依靠规模扩张的量的增长阶段,行业技术进步对效率提升的作用微弱。这表明,要从根本上提高中国轿车业的生产经营效率,必须推进行业技术进步,提高技术进步对全要素生产力改善的贡献率。     

我国车险费率市场化改革的实证研究——以深圳车险市场为例

本文以金融领域市场化改革最早的车险费率为主题,通过历史数据回顾,实证分析了车险费率市场化三个阶段的特征,总结出当前车险市场集中度趋于稳定、费率逐步回升、市场秩序逐步好转、监管成效显著等新变化,最后运用产业经济学S-C-P范式,对提高车险效益提出了相关建议。     

Innovation in product architecture—A study of the Chinese automobile industry

The purpose of this paper is to put forward the hypothesis that a transformation from closed integral architecture to quasi-open modular architecture contributes to the achievement of a low-cost competitive strategy by Chinese carmakers. The question, “What is quasi-open architecture in Chinese industry?” is addressed in the theoretical section, followed by the Geely case in the passenger car sector. Two perspectives form the basis of the analysis: that of the carmaker and that of its relationship with suppliers. The findings offer an insight into the competitive strategy of firms in emerging economies and some valuable observations concerning the “catching up” trajectory of Chinese firms.     

Environmental behaviour in Chicago automotive repair micro‐enterprises (MEPs)

This study analyzes the relationship between internal and external factors that influence environmental behaviour in traditional service micro‐enterprises, focusing on Chicago motor vehicle repair (MVR) firms five years after the Clean Break amnesty program and subsequent inspections of MVR firms. The survey explored the influence of firm and manager characteristics, government intervention, and market and social pressures and opportunities on environmental awareness and action. Environmental action was significantly higher in older firms (more experienced owners) and in auto‐refinishing firms practicing spray painting. While awareness levels were mixed for dealerships and franchises (contracted to larger organizations), environmental action was good for six out of the seven firms, which may reflect expectations for higher professional rather than environmental standards. However, environmental awareness and behaviour levels were mixed for trade association members. Owners obtain most environmental information from suppliers and government agencies, but confuse government responsibilities and attribute greater authority to non‐environmental agencies. Finally, micro‐enterprises avoid voluntary environmental compliance programs and prefer targeted enforcement and insurance requirements that promote a level playing field. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.     

Using a hedonic price model to test prospect theory assertions: The asymmetrical and nonlinear effect of reliability on used car prices

This paper investigates prospect theory implications in used goods markets. In particular, it develops a hedonic price model that addresses the price structure of the used car market in the light of prospect theory. The proposed hedonic price model provides empirical evidence in support of prospect theory predictions for explaining used car prices after controlling for observed product differentiation. It is demonstrated that consumers are risk seeking when used car reliability is below the expected reference value and risk averse when used car reliability is above the expected reference value. The model also illustrates how car quality affects residual values and how buyers evaluate used cars.     

Claiming Rights To Mobility Through The Right To Inhabitance: Discursive Articulations from Civic Actors in Montreal

How do claims for rights to mobility intersect with grievances pertaining to spatial justice in the city? This article addresses the issue by studying the concrete connections made by activists promoting car alternatives in Montreal. The activists' discursive categories point to the centrality of their conditions of inhabitance in their claims for certain rights to mobility. The discourses are analysed in the context of demands for safe spaces to walk and cycle in Montreal, and in the context of opposition to the rebuilding of the Turcot highway interchange. The article discusses internal dynamics of collective action, as well as the external influences and controls on activists contesting automobility to various degrees and with different spatially grounded priorities. The claims for rights to mobility rely on locally articulated priorities for better conditions of inhabitance, yet with a transversal reliance on a shared sense of threat and vulnerability, and on the representations of a community (whether local or multi‐scalar), enabling changes in the physical framing of mobility.     

基于生态位理论的轿车生产企业竞争态势分析

本文运用生态位理论,将消费者视为企业生存所倚重的资源,利用价格生态位分析了主要轿车生产企业之间的竞争态势,力求为我国轿车生产企业的经营者利用生态位理论认识、分析轿车市场的竞争状况,制定竞争战略提供理论支持。而且,随着汽车生产企业和其产品的增多,消费者购买能力和需求的增高,以及能源危机引发的机遇与挑战,全球汽车制造业将会面临着越来越激烈的市场竞争。在这个阶段,汽车生产企业如果能够尝试从生态位的视角出发,观察整个市场的竞争态势,认清自己所处的位置,明确竞争对手的情况,进而调整到适合自身生存的价格生态位,那么就有望实现企业在适度的竞争关系中和谐共生并健康持续地发展。     

国内外汽车售后服务认证现状及我国对策

随着我国经济的快速发展,汽车产业作为支柱产业的地位在我国已初步形成,在此背景下,开展汽车售后服务认证工作具有重要意义。本文在对汽车售后服务认证工作的意义进行分析基础上,梳理了国际以及我国汽车售后服务认证工作的现状,最后结合我国实际,提出了开展汽车售后服务认证工作的政策建议。     

诊所教学——刑法学实验教学的新路径

诊所教学方法构成了对传统教学方法的巨大冲击,它能够促使法学理论与法律实践相结合,培养学生的实践能力,同时,也能够培养学生的职业道德,造就高素质的法律人才。《刑法学》作为实验教学课程,亟须建立刑事法律诊所,引进诊所式教学方法。