企业技术创新与研究开发探讨

在社会主义市场经济环境中，企业的技术创新和技术研发被提升到一个从未有过的高度，这两个词汇也频频被知识经济下的各种传媒所引用。作者认为，如果对二者没有一个清晰的概念，忽略了它们本质上的差异，那么对“科学技术是第一生产力”就不会有深刻的理解，也无法说清技术对经济的影响，思想的混乱将会导致企业决策和行动的失误。本文结合企业的实际情况，就技术研发与技术创新的表现以及对企业发展的作用和影响，进行分析和探讨。     

两个销售商Bertrand竞争下的供应链需求信息共享

考虑包含一个上游制造商和两个下游销售商的单周期供应链系统。销售商销售不同质的产品且分别拥有关于需求的私有信息。他们之间进行基于价格的Bertrand竞争。建立了三阶段博弈模型，并计算出均衡结果。最后通过模型结果分析需求信息共享前后期望利润的变化，提出了制造商激励销售商其享需求信息的策略。结果表明销售商的需求信息共享在一定条件下是可以很好地实现的。     

竞争条件下公司投资策略的期权博弈

文章认为在未来不确定的条件下投资主体可以通过推迟投资获取新的信息,减少部分关于投资的不确定性,因此,未来的不确定性隐含着推迟的期权,文章运用博弈理论分析了竞争条件下公司间的投资策略的期权博弈。     

Outsourcing and trade in a spatial world

This paper provides an analysis of outsourcing and trade in a spatial model à la Hotelling. In this setting, we discuss the trade-off between transport-cost-related disadvantages and outsourcing-related production cost advantages of a large economy and we investigate how the existence of national transport costs influences both the structure of industrial production and the pattern of final goods trade. In addition, the model gives a rich picture of the possible welfare effects of trade liberalization. In particular, we show that a final goods exporting country definitely gains from economic integration, while a final goods importing country may lose. Finally, when lowering domestic outsourcing activities, trade liberalization may reduce world welfare, even if pro-competitive effects lead to a decline in consumer prices.     

Accounting practices and professional power dynamics during a crisis

This paper examines how changes in accounting practices during a crisis can affect organisational dynamics between hospital managers and clinicians. Our theoretical framework applies a multi-dimensional concept of power (Hardy, 1996) – which distinguishes power over resources, processes and meaning – to a longitudinal case study of a public university hospital during a budgetary crisis. Based on interviews with managers and clinicians, three successive time intervals with distinct power constellations are identified. Initially, we identify a pre-crisis phase where management formally controls resources, which seems to have limited effects on clinician dominance because managers lack ‘processual power’ and ‘power of meaning’. Next, an implantation phase emerges whereby the introduction of mandated budget cuts triggers shifts in the distribution of power, such that managers acquire power by securing the collaboration of clinicians – a phenomenon which has tangible benefits in terms of enabling budget compliance and increased service provision. Finally, the third phase may be conceptualized as a fiscal pressure regimen whereby, when budgetary pressures intensify further, management's newly gained ‘power of meaning’ is eroded because management are now seen to pursue unrealistic demands. Drawing on research insights gleaned during each phase, our analysis contributes to extant literature in at least three ways. First, we present novel findings regarding the impact of crises-related applications of accounting practices on intra-organisational power constellations. Second, our work highlights how accounting practices help shape the understanding of crisis, which, in turn, impacts the distribution of organizational power and influences intra-organizational patterns of collaboration. Third, we find that awareness of the meaning power of accounting practices can help shape strategic action in crisis situations.     

监督:民主政治建设的关键

防止公共权力滥用的有效途径是建设民主政治,加强监督。监督是民主政治制度的关键所在,没有监督就没有民主。     

经济法框架下的国家权力 社会经济权力 社会经济权利

人类社会从野蛮时代向国家社会的发展中伴随着社会权力向国家权力的演变。但是,在国家权力取代社会权力而对社会发展起主导性作用的同时,社会权力又有很大保留。作为社会权力中的社会经济权力在法律层面上就独立于国家权力而存在。社会经济权力存在的基础是社会公共利益的独立性及其与国家利益不同质性。国家在保护阶级利益的同时,维护确认了部分社会利益,在此基础上才形成了社会经济权利。     

国有战略性竞争行业的竞争力、调整方式及发展趋势

本文分析了国有经济介入到战略性竞争行业中的原因。运用主成分分析方法,对战略性竞争行业国有经济的竞争力进行了实证分析,得出战略性竞争行业国有经济的竞争力得分、排名及竞争力走势,并对战略性竞争行业中国有经济的调整方式及发展趋势进行了探讨。     

河北工业竞争力报告——关注河北制造业的现状与发展

通过测定河北省制造业28个行业的市场占有率、竞争优势系数及增加值结构,明确了各行业在市场优势、竞争优势、规模优势及时间序列等四维坐标系中的定位及走向,提出了提高河北省制造业竞争力的建议。     

零售产业通路费现象及我国公共政策的选择

国内外有关零售产业通路费是促进竞争还是限制竞争的争论存在重大分歧。这些分歧导致政府无法为通路费建立和实施一个明确的指导方针 ,而只能根据已有的反垄断法对具体的案例进行裁决。现阶段 ,我国通路费运作中存在许多问题 ,比如名目繁多 ,且收取过程中存在违法行为等等。因此 ,我国政府应加强调查研究 ,尽快制定相关法律规范通路费的运作