Computer Simulation as a Tool for Planning and Management of Visitor Use in Protected Natural Areas

The United Nations Environment Programme’s Principles on Implementation of Sustainable Tourism suggest that implementing sustainable tourism must include monitoring visitor use of protected natural areas and directing it to areas where the environmental and social impacts of tourism are minimised. Thus, sustainable tourism management requires information about the spatial and temporal flow of visitor use in protected natural areas to help identify potential tourism-related threats to the natural and cultural resources of an area and the quality of visitors’ experiences. Recent research has identified at least four ways in which simulation modelling of visitor use can facilitate more informed planning and management of sustainable tourism in protected natural areas, including (1) describing existing visitor use flows; (2) monitoring the condition of ‘hard to measure’ indicator variables; (3) testing the effectiveness of alternative visitor use management practices; and (4) guiding the design of research on public attitudes. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate, using findings from studies conducted in the Inyo National Forest and Isle Royale National Park, USA, each of these four potential contributions of computer simulation to sustainable tourism management and planning. The paper concludes with an assessment of the limitations of existing applications of computer simulation to nature-based tourism and recommendations for future research.     

基于模块化的江苏计算机产业升级战略研究

目前,江苏计算机产业对外依存度较高,技术、研发严重受制于人。针对这一现状,江苏电子计算机生产企业应继续以模块化、OEH生产作为其升级的契机,不断调整嵌入价值链的位置和组织方式,最终与当地产业价值链一道实现整体性跃迁。     

“1＋1＋1”的教学改革模式——中职计算机专业分方向教学的探讨

从中职计算机专业的现状出发，为了培养出适应社会需求的实用型技术人才，实现中职学校的计算机教育事业又好又快发展，文章阐述了计算机专业分方向教学的设想，提出了“1＋1＋1”的教学改革模式。     

计算机犯罪的特征及其对策探析

计算机犯罪是高科技发展的附属产品,对社会危害日趋严重。文章分析了计算机犯罪的主要特征,然后从技术、管理、法制3个方面提出了预防和打击计算机犯罪的措施。     

Executive GDSS: Behavioral considerations at individual,organizational, and environmental levels of analysis

This article emphasizes the importance of behavioral considerations at individual, organizational, and environmental levels of analysis when researching and evaluating the design, implementation, and use of group decision support systems (GDSS) within complex organizations. Discussion is based on interview and archival data collected on an executive level GDSS used within a corporate setting. Issues that are considered generalizable to organizational computing, coordination, and collaboration technologies concern (a) viewing organization participants as strategic, intuitive information processors, (b) understanding the importance of organizational power, politics, and situational constraints on decision making, and (c) appreciating the symbolic value of advanced information technologies to an organization's external environment.     

Computer networking among executives: A case study

Group Support Systems may be “distributed”; for nonsimultaneous use by being embedded in a Computer‐Mediated Communication System (CMCS). In this manner, large groups may use them for complex tasks over an extended period of time. Will executives use such systems, and what are their reactions? This case study of elites engaged in formulating recommendations for the White House Conference on Productivity demonstrates that executives can use such systems, given that “critical success factors”; are met. Perceived information richness is strongly correlated with perceptions of productivity enhancement as a result of system use.     

素质教育背景下的独立学院计算机特色专业建设

建设高等学校特色专业是优化专业结构,提高人才培养质量的重要措施,本文介绍了在建设计算机特色专业方面将素质教育和专业教育相结合,在人才培养目标定位、能力素质培养、教学内容体系、教学方法改革等方面的具体举措。     

Skill transferability,regret and mobility

After graduation many students start working in sectors not related to their field of study or participate in training targeted at work in other sectors. In this article, we look at mobility immediately after graduation from the perspective that educational choices have been made when these pupils had little experience of the actual working life in these professions. We develop a model where students accumulate partially transferable human capital but also learn about their professional preferences at the university and during the first years in the labour market. As a consequence of this newly acquired insight, these young workers might realize that working in another occupational field would better fit their preferences, although they are better equipped to work in their own field. The empirical analysis reveals that if wages are 1% lower due to lower skill transferability, the probability that a graduate who regrets his choice actually switches decreases by 1.4 percentage points, while those who switch on average take 0.3 months additional education.     

浅议计算机在工程造价中的利用

信息技术的发展伴随着计算机的普及进入到千家万户,在工程造价领域,计算机的作用越来越重要,不但可以根据图纸自动生成工程量,而且节省了大量的人力劳动,同时对于信息的传递也起着重要的作用,对于工程造价的审计工作以及交流沟通带来更大的便利。     

如何优化计算机网络技术课程的教学

算机网络技术是高校计算机类专业的主干技术基础课程,涉及电子技术、计算机软件技术、计算机硬件技术等多个学科领域,在整个教学过程中占有极其重要的地位。本文从高校计算机网络技术课程的现状出发,探讨了优化该课程教学的一些措施。