The “Euro Illusion”: Illusion or Fact?

The changeover to the euro elicited an upsurge of research on the effects of the new currency on consumers’ conversion strategies, price estimates, price evaluations, choices, and purchases. This research includes longitudinal surveys, interviews, and controlled experiments, both natural and in the laboratory. The present article starts with an overview of this research after which it more specifically focuses on research showing an influence of the nominal value, as expressed in different currencies, on price evaluations and consumer choice. For most countries, the transition to the euro led to a lower nominal value currency. A bias known as the “euro illusion” has been documented such that the subjective value of money is influenced in the direction of the nominal value (i.e., in most countries prices and salaries seem smaller when expressed in euros than in the old domestic currency). Although the term was coined in connection with the euro changeover, the nominal representation of a currency has been shown to influence the subjective value of money in unfamiliar currencies other than the euro. Thus, tourists travelling abroad may frequently be subject to such an illusion. Different mechanisms have been proposed to account for the euro illusion. One is the numerosity heuristic and another the anchoring-and-adjustment heuristic in conjunction with biased conversion strategies. The size of the euro illusion is influenced by trade-offs between accuracy and effort. Consistent with this hypothesis, task importance, time constraints, familiarity with the conversion strategy, complexity of the conversion strategy, mood, and attitude towards the country or the currency all influence the size of the euro illusion.     

Change Theory as an Evaluation Tool for a Community Action Board of Directors

The dynamics of a board of directors resemble those of other groups. They are either positive or negative in their flow of communication, their dispute resolution style, their problem solving ability and their ability to make decisions. This article discusses a model of change theory that is used in evaluating the effectiveness of a board of directors and assisting it to make changes for the betterment of the organization it serves.     

物流企业核心竞争力的财务指标及评价方法

本文认为,企业的产品竞争力及资源整合与创新能力是影响企业核心竞争力的主要因素。而物流营运能力指标、物流偿债能力指标、物流获利能力指标、物流发展能力指标等则是影响物流企业核心竞争力的财务指标。文章指出,可采用层次分析法(AHP法)对其财务指标进行综合评价。即将问题予以层次化,根据指标性质和要达到的最终目标,将考评指标分成不同组成因素,并根据因素间的关联影响及隶属关系将其按不同层次进行聚集组合,形成一个多层次结构模型,从而最终把系统分析归结为最低层(具体考评指标)相对于最高层(总目标)的相对重要权值的确定或相对优劣次序的排序问题。     

Engineering Hedonic Attributes to Generate Perceptions of Luxury: Consumer Perception of an Everyday Sound

For the last twenty years, the perception of hedonic attributes has been a problematic matter in consumer research. We argue that the perception of a hedonic product attribute should not be considered as an irreducible holistic experience, but rather as a complex set of sensory experiences, the components of which are identifiable and quantifiable. We provide evidence for this position by proposing a reliable method linking the features of product-related sound stimuli to consumer perception of hedonic attributes. To our knowledge, this study is the first of its kind offering a detailed investigation of consumer perception of everyday sounds (as opposed to music). We discuss managerial and consumer-level implications of the findings and provide an agenda for future research.     

Advertising effects on consumer welfare: Prices paid and liking for brands selected

The effect of advertising on consumer welfare has been the subject of dispute among economists, arising largely from disagreement among scholars regarding the persuasive versus the informative role of advertising. This paper reports two experiments that explore the welfare implications of advertising effects. Experiment 1 shows that the same advertisements can either increase or decrease prices paid for selected brands, depending on the degree to which the choice situation requires brands to be recalled in order to be considered. However, an increase in prices paid caused by advertising does not necessarily imply detrimental effects on consumer welfare. Experiment 2 shows that, even under circumstances in which differentiating advertising leads consumers to select brands with higher average prices, it can provide useful information to consumers that allows them to make purchases that are more in line with their personal tastes than are the choices of consumers not exposed to the advertisements.     

试论平衡计分卡在基金会管理效益评估中的应用

非营利组织的管理效益始终缺乏一个科学的衡量评估体系,本文以公益基金会这一重要的非营利 组织为研究对象,借鉴平衡计分卡这一企业战略管理工具,探讨基金会管理效益评价体系和方法。     

ERP立项阶段实施风险评价模型

ERP立项阶段的风险评价对ERP实施而言至关重要,但至今还没有一个在ERP立项阶段可以预测企业ERP实施风险的评价方法。结合ERP实施特点和立项阶段信息的综合性、模糊性以及指标的可获性,建立了立项阶段ERP实施风险的评价模型,借助该模型,企业可以对立项阶段ERP实施的风险进行评估分析,制定减少风险的对策,从而保证ERP系统的成功实施。     

Masculinising domesticity: an investigation of men’s domestic foodwork

Abstract

This study examines how men configure their gendered identity in relation to a traditionally feminised domain. Hegemonic masculinity is said to structure men’s dominance over women. We use the lens of hegemonic masculinity along with social fields of cultural production to understand new allocations of status capital in relation to gendered identity work. Sweden, a country permeated by an ideology of egalitarianism and having a history of high economic and symbolic incentives for the domestic field, has seemingly legitimised the domestic consumption field in the search for higher status. By exploring the transforming meanings of masculinity when men enter a traditionally feminine consumption domain in this particular cultural context, we identify how feminised masculinities are shaped into hegemonic masculinity. This in turn suggests that the currently most honoured way of being a man includes forms of masculinities that incorporate egalitarian relationships between men and women.     

基于模糊分析法的第三方物流顾客满意度综合评价

第三方物流作为企业第三利润源泉,凸显其重要的作用。企业的顾客满意度分析是关系企业成败的关键因素。因此本文运用模糊层次分析方法,并结合实证研究,建立第三方物流的顾客满意度指标体系和评价模型。     

人文与现代营销

经济的全球化必然带来企业营销的全球化 ,企业如何在现代国际竞争中实现企业发展目标 ,必须紧抓营销的核心 :人文因素。人文对消费有着普遍的影响 ,消费者常常通过购买某种产品 ,从中得到某种文化涵义 ,并利用它来创造和实现一种自我价值。所以 ,消费者需求反映消费者的人文内涵 ;产品文化里折射目标群体的人文特征 ;人文特征的把握是广告传播效果达成的基础和关键 ;人文因素也制约促销策略和分销策略