Distribution characteristics of China's key cultural relic tourism resources and suggestions to its development and protection

SPSS13.0 was used to process the data of the 1-6 batch of key cultural relic conservation units promulgated by the State Administration of Cultural Heritage of China; and multi-element evaluation method was used to calculate the composite distribution index.The spatial distribution of cultural relics of provinces in China can be divided into four grades,namely：very rich areas,rich areas,poor areas and very poor areas; the article analyzes the characteristics of cultural resources in spatial and temporal distribution.The paper holds that（1）the distribution of China＇s cultural relic tourism resources is relatively concentrated,different sharply from region to region,with more Han nation＇s heritage,less relics of the ethnic minorities; （2） Henan,Hebei,Shaanxi,Shanxi Province are the main regions with heavy distribution of cultural resources; （3） relics appeared in specific time periods in China＇s history.Ming and Qing Dynasties,Sui,Tang and Five Dynasties,Song,Liao and Jin,the Western Han,Shang and Zhou dynasties,the New Stone Age are the major periods producing more cultural relics.This paper also analyzes relationships of the emergence of cultural relics with production technology,specific historical process,specific geographical location,political system,religion,national culture,customs,architectural styles and techniques of the traditional cultural educational system.Finally,the paper discusses the development and protection of heritage.     

深化学科认知与构建中国特色社会主义政治经济学理论体系

对学科的认知包括认识学科内涵、学科性质与任务、学科发展进路等核心问题,关系到如何构建学科体系,是学科建设的重要内容.从深化学科认知的视角,中国特色社会主义政治经济学的学科发展与理论体系构建,要坚持几个重大原则,包括把中国特色社会主义政治经济学建立在历史唯物主义的基础之上;要以生产关系分析为核心来构建中国特色社会主义政治...     

基于农村居民消费升级的企业营销策略创新

由于收入增加、消费观念转变等因素,农村居民消费升级是企业必须正视的事实。一方面我国农村市场具有巨大的市场潜力,另一方面对企业对农场消费者的关注度还有待加强。企业的营销策略还不能很好满足农村居民消费者的需要。基于以上的事实,文章分析了在农村消费升级背景下,农村居民消费购买的新特征。基于这些新特征,在营销战略和营销策略层次提出具体的对策建议以帮助企业更好地制定营销组合。     

浅析收入差距产生的不确定性及其对农民消费行为的影响

从农村居民收入差距扩大的角度对农村居民收入的不确定预期进行分析,通过基尼系数对农民消费倾向的影响模型分析,得出收入差距扩大是产生收入不确定性感受增强的一个原因,并且在市场经济体制改革后收入差距的增大对农村居民消费需求产生了负影响。提出相应建议以缩小收入差距,降低农村居民收入的不确定性,扩大农村消费。     

Asset pricing and energy consumption risk

This paper proposes energy consumption in the US as a new measure for the consumption capital asset pricing model. We find that (i) industrial energy growth produces reasonable values for the relative risk aversion coefficient and the implied risk-free rate; (ii) compared to alternative consumption measures, industrial energy performs well in explaining the cross-sectional variation in stock returns with the lowest implied risk aversion and pricing errors; (iii) the industrial energy consumption risk model performs equally well as the Fama–French three-factor model in the cross-sectional asset pricing tests; and (iv) total energy consumption risk is priced in the presence of the Fama–French factor risks.     

居民消费能力视角下的中国经常账户顺差影响因素协整分析

持续、巨额的经常账户顺差给中国带来了一系列负面影响。彻底扭转中国经常账户失衡,迫在眉睫。文章基于居民消费能力的视角,对中国经常账户问题进行了理论和实证分析。理论研究结果表明,居民消费能力是影响中国经常账户的主要因素;实证研究结果表明,中国经常账户顺差与居民消费能力、投资率、净国外资产比率和人口抚养比存在长期动态均衡关系,其中居民消费能力是影响经常账户的重要因素且与经常账户余额/GDP呈负相关关系。最后文章提出了相关的对策和建议。     

Intrinsic Motivations of Public Sector Employees: Evidence for Germany

We examine differences in altruism and laziness between public sector employees and private sector employees. Our theoretical model predicts that the likelihood of public sector employment increases with a worker's altruism, and increases or decreases with a worker's laziness depending on his altruism. Using questionnaire data from the German Socio‐Economic Panel Study, we find that public sector employees are significantly more altruistic and lazy than observationally equivalent private sector employees. A series of robustness checks show that these patterns are stronger among higher educated workers; that the sorting of altruistic people to the public sector takes place only within the caring industries; and that the difference in altruism is already present at the start of people's career, while the difference in laziness is only present for employees with sufficiently long work experience.     

财经类大学生思想行为特点及对策研究

文章认为高校财经类专业学生在思想观念、专业学习、文化素质、情感等方面具有与其它专业不同的特点,并根据财经类专业学生的思想特点和行为方式,探讨了教育管理内容,提高思想政治教育工作的针对性和实效性。     

中国与非州经贸关系发展分析

中国与非洲之间的经贸往来进入21世纪呈现出强劲的发展势头,在贸易、投资以及其他经济合作上增长速度快、双边贸易依赖性增强。但在双边经贸关系迅猛发展的同时也产生了各种各样的问题。本文对中非经贸关系的特点加以概括分析,探讨双边经贸关系面临的机遇与挑战,提出改善与促进双边经贸关系进一步发展的思路对策。     

EXPLICIT SOLUTIONS OF CONSUMPTION-INVESTMENT PROBLEMS IN FINANCIAL MARKETS WITH REGIME SWITCHING

We consider a consumption and investment problem where the market presents different regimes. An investor taking decisions continuously in time selects a consumption–investment policy to maximize his expected total discounted utility of consumption. The market coefficients and the investor's utility of consumption are dependent on the regime of the financial market, which is modeled by an observable finite-state continuous-time Markov chain. We obtain explicit optimal consumption and investment policies for specific HARA utility functions. We show that the optimal policy depends on the regime. We also make an economic analysis of the solutions, and show that for every investor the optimal proportion to allocate in the risky asset is greater in a bull market than in a bear market. This behavior is not affected by the investor's risk preferences. On the other hand, the optimal consumption to wealth ratio depends not only on the regime, but also on the investor's risk tolerance: high risk-averse investors will consume relatively more in a bull market than in a bear market, and the opposite is true for low risk-averse investors.