Preference for flexibility in the absence of learning: the risk attitude effect

Individuals’ preferences over opportunity sets may display “preference for flexibility” which prescribes to gradually eliminate alternatives from a given set until a final choice is made. One rationale for this preference for flexibility is individuals’ incentive to postpone the final choice in order to better learn their underlying preferences over basic alternatives. In this paper we show that even in the absence of learning, preference for flexibility arises if individuals are risk-averse or, at least, are not very risk-seeking. Thus, individual’s attitude towards risk provides yet another rationale for preference for flexibility. One of our results is that in the absence of learning, risk-neutral as well as risk-averse individuals display the same, maximal preference for flexibility. We thank Han Bleichrodt, Robert Dur, Chaim Fershtman, Maarten Janssen, Peran van Reeven, Peter Wakker, and Timothy van Zandt for helpful comments to and inspiring discussions. We are very grateful to the anonymous referee for very constructive comments and suggestions.     

人力资源管理柔性视角下工作家庭平衡策略的实践及启示

工作家庭平衡策略体现了人力资源管理的个体柔性。为了帮助员工在工作和家庭之间取得平衡,组织可以采取的平衡策略有柔性的工作时间和柔性的工作场所,柔性策略在不同国家的实践给我国企业带来积极的借鉴意义,我们在实施柔性策略时要注重平衡策略的有效使用及柔性保障问题。     

山西省三次产业的产业扩张弹性分析

本文通过对山西省的三次产业的产业扩张弹性的分析,指出了劳动力的转移方向,在此基础上对山西省产业政策和就业政策的调整提出自己的建议和思考。     

浅议柔性航材供应链在航材保障中的应用

以建设柔性航材供应链为目标,在分析传统航材供应链存在问题基础上,对柔性航材供应链在海军航材保障中的设计应用提出了一些对策。     

中国风电与电网协调发展的思路与策略

从当前对风电发展的基本认识存在的误区和问题出发,总结国外促进风电与电网协调发展的主要经验和做法,提出实现风电与电网协调发展的基本思路与策略,以及实现我国大规模风电并网的措施和建议,为破解我国未来风电大规模发展难题提供参考和借鉴。     

What is an ‘endogenous state space’?

Summary. In the literature on choice under unforeseen contingencies, the decision maker behaves as if she aggregates possible instances of future rankings indexed by a set S. The set S is interpreted as a subjective state space even though subsequent rankings need not conform to any one of the aggregated utilities. This paper proposes a definition for a subjective state space under unforeseen contingencies that is topologically unique, derives its existence from preference primitives as opposed to the representation of preferences, and does not commit to an interpretation in which states correspond to future realized rankings. The definition topologically concurs with and extends the identification of the essentially unique subjective state space due to Dekel, Lipman and Rustichini [4].Received: 28 October 2003, Revised: 13 October 2004, JEL Classification Numbers: D11, D81, D91.I thank Eddie Dekel, Alan Kraus, Bart Lipman, Chris Shannon, and the referee for some helpful remarks.     

劳动力流动、人口经济弹性与空间经济差异研究——我国东、中、西部动态面板数据模型的对比分析

利用我国31个省份1997年～2009年的人口总抚养负担系数、从业人员比重以度地区生产总值数据,构建省际面板数据模型,分析总人口中不同年龄阶段的人口对经济的影响.鉴于我国地区经济发展水平不平衡的现状,分别对东部12省、中部9省以及西部10省的人口弹性进行了研究,结果表明不同地区的人口弹性明显不同.未来一段时期,如何更好地引导劳动力流向中西部区域,是促使经济均衡增长、产业顺利转移、解决结构性失业等问题的关键所在.     

Unemployment Benefits, Contract Length and Nominal Wage Flexibility

In a bargaining model, we show that a decrease in the unemployment benefit level increases not only equilibrium employment, but also nominal wage flexibility, and thus reduces employment variations in the case of nominal shocks. Long‐term wage contracts lead to higher expected real wages and hence higher expected unemployment than short‐term contracts. Therefore, a decrease in the benefit level reduces the expected utility gross of contract costs of a union member more with long‐term than with short‐term contracts, thereby creating an incentive for shorter contracts. Incentives for employers are shown to change in the same direction.     

融入知识管理后的工程项目管理

随着知识经济时代的到来,知识管理与工程项目管理联系日益密切。融入知识管理后的工程项目管理呈现了新特点:信息化、柔性化、敏捷化。本文在探讨新特点的同时,进一步提出基于知识管理上的工程项目管理体系框架,对知识管理和工程项目管理的结合应用进行了初步分析。     

Monetary integration in the ex‐Soviet Union: A ‘union of four’?*

The governments of four ex‐Soviet countries recently discussed forming a currency union. To examine the economic feasibility of this proposition, we use conventional techniques and show that the arrangement is likely to find it difficult to handle the lack of structural symmetry, the asymmetric pattern of shocks, and the lack of market flexibility among the potential participants. Moreover, the union would be a unilateral one. It would require an unusual degree of political commitment to survive. Nonetheless, there are some subtleties in the timing and pattern of mutual dependence between Russia and Kazakhstan, and to a lesser extent in Belarus, which may reduce the strain from a currency union in those countries. Otherwise, the black market will have to provide the necessary market flexibility.