非正式沟通的决策可行性意义

有效的决策必须符合信息、组织、物质和环境等可行性标准。作为正式沟通的一种补充 ,非正式沟通因其所具有的形式多样、内容丰富、交流直接、方式灵活等特点 ,在提高决策可行性上具有不可替代的作用。     

供应链弹性契约下的信息共享激励

在供应链弹性契约的约束下,要让供应链合作的双方有实现信息共享的积极性,就必须让双方在信息共享的条件下获取的利益至少不低于在未实现信息共享下的所获得的利益,这样才能实现双方利益的帕累托改善,也才能激励下游企业积极向上游企业共享需求信息,这必然要依赖于供应链弹性契约的科学设计。文章通过确定一个弹性数量契约来分析供应链上的合作双方在信息共享与信息不共享的条件下对双方运作绩效的改进,并考虑了在信息显示成本较大的情况下,对供应链中合作的双方进行信息显示成本分担的供应链弹性契约设计,从而获取满意或最优的契约参数。     

供应链企业间、企业内协调对供应柔性和企业绩效影响的实证研究

本文从能力的视角整合有关供应链协调的文献,将其分为企业之间和企业内部协调才能两类。此外,还讨论了供应柔性能力和企业绩效,在此基础上探索、检验此三者之间的关系。研究结果表明,企业内、企业间协调才能对供应柔性及企业绩效有积极作用,且供应柔性在协调才能对企业绩效影响的关系中起部分中介作用。研究结果还显示,企业内部跨职能部门之间的协调会加强企业与其合作伙伴之间协调合作的能力。     

Currency Options and Export-Flexible Firms

This paper examines the production and hedging decisions of a globally competitive firm under exchange rate uncertainty. The firm is risk averse and possesses export flexibility in that it can distribute its output to either the domestic market or a foreign market after observing the realized spot exchange rate. To hedge against its exchange rate risk exposure, the firm can trade fairly priced currency call options of an arbitrary strike price. We show that both the separation and the full‐hedging results hold if the strike price of the currency call options is set equal to the ratio of the domestic and foreign selling prices. Otherwise, neither result holds. Specifically, we show that the optimal level of output is always less than that of an otherwise identical firm that is risk neutral. Furthermore, an under‐hedge (over‐hedge) is optimal whenever the strike price of the currency call options is below (above) the ratio of the domestic and foreign selling prices.     

多元化经营、财务弹性与企业价值——以粤泰集团为例

经济环境不稳定性加剧,保有一定水平的财务弹性对多元化企业实现价值具有重要意义。本文从房地产多元化出发,分析了房地产财务弹性的内涵、来源、影响因素,构造房地产企业多元化经营,财务弹性与企业价值间的互动机制,得出对其资本结构决策、投资决策、分配政策、运营管理决策的影响,并结合粤泰集团的多元化进行实例论证,为房地产多元化经营的战略决策及风险控制提供指导。     

Why Do Some Small Businesses Grow Faster and Become “Successful” While Others Do Not Get Beyond the ‘Foothills’?

Abstract

A great deal of research has been undertaken in the area of growth and yet the reason why some small businesses grow faster and more successful than others, has not received sufficient research attention and little is known. This study sought to provide some understanding of the broad question “Why do some small businesses grow faster and ‘successful’ while others do not get beyond the ‘foothills’”.

The conclusion that can be drawn from this study is that it is the actions of the individual entrepreneurs and their management teams that are more significant in achieving business growth. The entrepreneurs in the sample possessed some willingness to pursue opportunities, to marshal resources and initiate actions rather than to react to other people's actions. The owner-managers did not possess the entrepreneurial and management skills authomatically but were acqwuired over time. Our understanding of the growth of small businesses was derived from the in-depth interviews held with the owner-managers themselves on how their businesses evolved over time.     

Theory into practice: meditations on cultures of accountability and interdisciplinarity in marketing research

Abstract

The emergence of a more reflexive and discerning customer has created inter alia a demand for ‘better’ food (i.e. quality and ‘authenticity’) in terms of sourcing, processing, and specialist distribution/retailing. As a consequence, the food production/distribution industry is under pressure to change many of its practices. One manifestation is the emergence of farmers' markets and the associated emphasis on ‘local’ food. This paper aims to identify the extent to which ‘conscious’ consumers are committed to buying local foodstuffs and supporting local food producers, especially from farmers’ markets. Given the exploratory nature of this research, a qualitative approach was undertaken using in-depth interviews with ‘conscious’ consumers. The results reveal that ‘conscious’ consumers recognise their own limitations (i.e. time, convenience, and price) but also demonstrate that integrating ethical considerations into their consumption behaviour is a complex and flexible task. A number of strategic actions for farmers’ markets are proposed to help differentiate their provision, particularly in terms of capitalising on perceptions of authenticity and locality.     

Friendly flexible working practices within the internal marketing framework: a service perspective

The purpose of this paper is to increase the understanding of the existence of work flexibility and its relevance to internal marketing. Friendly forms of work flexibility are critical to an improved understanding of the role internal marketing should have to achieve better service quality performance. This exploratory study is based on a sample of 2997 private-sector organisations provided by the CRANET survey. The results show the divergence in industry business patterns in the use of friendly and unfriendly flexible work arrangements. Service companies tend to use friendly flexible working practices in larger proportions. The analysis reveals a small negative relationship between unfriendly practices and service quality. These findings may suggest that service organisations tend to create more supportive environments when offering flexible work arrangements that are friendlier for individual workers and their families.     

Operations flexibility and outsourcing benefits: an empirical study in service firms

Outsourcing is a widely extended practice for many industries competing at the global level. Through outsourcing, firms are able to clearly define their core field of activities while transferring non-core activities to organizations enabled to perform them with higher degrees of efficiency. However, outsourcing is not exempted from some risks, especially those derived from process coordination, information sharing, or oportunistic behaviours. Operations flexibility can play a fundamental role in moderating these risks while increasing the benefits from outsourcing by decreasing the level of dependence on the outsourced activities. In this paper, a structural analysis is performed to analyse the relationship between operations flexibility and outsourcing benefits in service firms. Results show that higher levels of flexibility in the informations systems, markets, expansion, and personnel dimensions are directly related to higher outsourcing benefits.     

基于纹理识别的胶印机墨杠故障检测方法

墨杠是一种常见的印刷故障,其产生的原因、诊断和解决方法一直是印刷领域的研究热点。本研究提出了一种基于纹理分析的墨杠检测方法：提取在印刷过程中形成的墨杠所包含的纹理特征,建立纹理图像数据库。通过高速CCD采集待检测印刷图像,求解印刷图像与标准图像的差影图像,从而得到缺陷图像,并求其纹理特征,通过纹理特征比对判断出现墨杠的原因。实验证明了该方法在印刷机墨杠故障诊断中的可行性。