Resource allocation strategy for innovation portfolio management

Our study demonstrates empirically that the choice of resource allocation strategy affects innovation performance. Allocating resources to a broader range of innovation projects increases new product sales, an effect that appears to outweigh that of resource intensity. In addition, we find that the performance benefit of breadth is higher for firms that allocate resources selectively at later stages of the innovation process. This breadth‐selectiveness effect is greatest for firms intending to create relatively more novel products, departing further from their knowledge base. Based on these results, we theorize that breadth increases performance because it spreads firms' bets on unproven innovative endeavors. Limiting resource commitments by selecting out deteriorating projects prevents an escalation in the costs of breadth. This advantage increases with the uncertainty implicit in greater innovative intent. The paper thus contributes to theory of how resource allocation strategies influence performance outcomes of innovation project portfolios. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

对高校体育专业学生直道栏成绩的影响因素研究

文章通过文献阅读、实践总结、对比实验法、数理统计法的研究方法,以延安大学体育学院2006级体育教育专业2班与社会体育专业2班学生为研究对象,对影响学生直道栏成绩的因素进行研究。     

对少年儿童短道速度滑冰运动员的选材及科学训练

本文就如何选材及少儿短道速滑训练中平衡支撑能力、力量、柔韧性的训练方面做以详细的阐述。     

Employee satisfaction with schedule flexibility: Psychological antecedents and consequences within the workplace

Although balancing work-related and non-work-related time demands is an ongoing concern for many hotel workers, there is a dearth of research examining workers’ satisfaction with their work schedule flexibility. Using a sample drawn from nine different hotel properties in South Korea, this study finds that workers’ levels of emotional intelligence and overall job satisfaction serve as antecedents of their schedule flexibility satisfaction. Moreover, the study also finds that decreased turnover intent is a consequence of schedule flexibility satisfaction. Based upon these findings, both managerial and research implications are presented.     

Between a rock and a hard place: US industrial unions, shop-floor participation and the lean, mean global economy

Utilising historical and contemporary studies of metalworkingplants, a review of current trends in labour-management relations,and observations from 15 years as a machinist and local unionofficer, the author describes the efforts of US workers andtheir local unions to play a positive role in shop-floor productionmatters in the post-Second World War period, only to be rebuffedby corporations intent on gaining hegemony on the factory floor.This history is juxtaposed to contemporary efforts by managersto kindle interest among workers in participating in variousshop-floor continuous improvement schemes, in the context ofthe implicit and explicit threats to employment security thatglobal production flexibility provides to corporations.     

Flexpatriate assignments: a neglected issue in global staffing

The demands of managing international assignments are major considerations within strategic IHRM theory and most frequently considered within long-term employment choices between parent-country expatriates or host-country nationals. Yet recent studies from the Centre for Research into the Management of Expatriation (CReME) (Harris, ; Petrovic, ) have highlighted the frequency of alternative types of international assignment, which they classify as ‘short-term’, ‘commuter’ and ‘frequent flyer’ assignments, which are now a regular part of global business life. This paper reports on a case study of one Austrian multinational organization and highlights management issues in terms of incidence, purpose, management and personal impact for assignments involving frequent travel without relocation (flexible expatriation) compared with traditional expatriate assignments. It begins by reviewing the emphasis on expatriate assignment before presenting evidence regarding the extent of alternative forms of international assignment. The research method and background to the study are then discussed before the findings are presented and discussed.     

Suburban Nongrowth Policies

Because work time and its control are unevenly distributed, it shapes opportunities across different groups in society, both reflecting and reinforcing existing forms of inequality. Work time flexibility is seen by many as a way to promote gender equality by increasing the ability of women to exercise some control over their work time, thus facilitating their ability to participate in paid work while maintaining families. Yet, flexibility may take on very different meanings in different contexts, particularly with respect to the degree of control workers have over important aspects of their working time. This paper examines the meaning and distribution of work time flexibility for women in the United States. The paper begins with a brief discussion of the social construction and gendered nature of work time, and the complex and evolving distribution of work time in the United States. Measures of flexibility that seek to capture different aspects of workers' control over work time are then defined and examined through recent data for male and female workers from the General Social Survey (GSS).     

On the System Setup and the Scheduling Problem in a Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS)

In this paper we present a model which unifies several existing models with respect to two phases of the planning process of a Flexible Manufacturing System. These phases are the system setup phase and the scheduling phase and in literature they usually are considered separately. We give a mathematical formulation encompassing both phases. From this formulation several existing approaches can be deduced. We also describe some heuristic methods for our model and present the computational results.     

The influences of Organizational Routines on Establishing Dynamic Competitive Advantages

As an important part in unique resources and capability of enterprises, organizational routines, on one hand, promote the success of enterprises, on the other hand, influence the future development of enterprises. Especially, organizational routines have the influences on the two factors of building up dynamic competitive advantages-strategic change and strategic flexibility and further influence the establishment of dynamic competitive advantages. This paper involves detailed analysis on the influences of organizational routines and on the approaches of establishing dynamic competitive advantages and puts forward the relevant countermeasures.     

The European economy at the cross roads: Structural reforms, fiscal constraints, and the Lisbon Agenda

This paper studies the incentives to sustain and extend a monetary union under alternative assumptions about the extent of market reform within the union and accession countries. Lack of labour mobility, or wage/price flexibility, or fiscal reform, brings costs for both new entrants and in the existing union. Countries will therefore want a union where there has been sufficient reform, and also one where markets are more flexible than their own. But existing members will want the same properties of their partners. Fiscal restrictions may exaggerate this incentive mismatch and could therefore delay the necessary reforms. Similarly, too large costs up front may also delay those reforms.