Urban Sensing by Crowdsourcing: Analysing Urban Trip behaviour in Zurich

The research on which this essay is based sought to provide a deeper understanding of live urban activities. The main idea was to obtain in‐depth trip information by integrating sensing technology with crowdsourcing‐based methods. Location and acceleration sensors embedded in smartphones can deliver useful trip information. Research had previously been conducted to find an accurate data analysis algorithm for high‐level data mining, an efficient sensing method for power saving. As a proof of concept, this essay presents a case study of Zurich that successfully implemented previous research achievements in the real environment. It established that urban travel behaviour can, in fact, be collected by sensors embedded in mobile devices, and that the data thus obtained can be used to measure the characteristics of trip behaviour in cities by means of an advanced classifying algorithm and analysis. The strength of this research is its pioneering role in clearing the ground for future urban data collection methods and planning strategies. Specifically, this study could provide answers to the following key questions: How can crowdsourcing be applied to the collection of urban transportation data? What kinds of information can be extracted from the crowdsourced mobile sensing platform? What kinds of knowledge, within the transportation domain, can be derived from the above?     

关于我国农村医疗保障制度的思考

构建和谐社会,保持经济社会的持久发展,必须关注民生。占中国人口70%以上的农民的基本医疗保障问题,可以说是最大的民生问题之一。通过对我国目前农村医疗保障的现状进行分析,并借鉴国外的农村医疗保障制度,结合我国实际情况提出了一些意见和建议。     

压缩感知测量方法的机密性

分析了压缩感知（CS）的安全性问题,讨论了在攻击者不知道测量矩阵情况下是否 可以有效对信号进行重构的问题,论证了压缩感知可以达到保密性但达不到完善的保密性 。最后联合信道容量和速率失真函数,讨论了压缩感知恢复信号所需测量数据量的下限,并 分析了测量噪声对信号重构性能的影响。     

A multiobjective decision support system for multiresource forest management

A multiobjective and/or multiperson decision support system for analyzing multiresource forest management problems is developed in this paper. The procedure includes formulating the problem in a multiobjective and group decision making framework, and solving it using two solution techniques which consist of a distance-based compromise programming (CP) and a cooperative game theoretic approach of the Nash equilibrium type. The problem consists of five forest resources management objective functions to be maximized. Solving the problem using the two solution techniques enables determining a satisfactory compromise solution of the five forest resource management objectives. Sensitivity analysis of the two techniques shows compromise programming to be more sensitive to changes in the weight and the p-parameter of the technique while the cooperative game theoretic approach is relatively robust with respect to changes in the worst utility set.     

Estimating Value Creation from Revealed Preferences: Application to Value‐based Strategies

Research summary : We develop and apply a new set of empirical tools consistent with the tenets of value‐based business strategies, leveraging the principle that “no good deal comes undone” and the methods of revealed preferences, to empirically estimate drivers of value creation. We demonstrate how to use these tools in an analysis of value creation in buyer–supplier relationships in the UK corporate legal market. We show that our approach can uncover evidence of subtle mechanisms that traditional methods cannot easily distinguish from each other. Furthermore, we show how the estimates can be used as parameters of biform games for out‐of‐sample analyses of strategic decisions. With readily available data on relationships between firms, this approach can be applied to many other contexts of interest to strategy researchers. Managerial summary : Managers need to understand the drivers of value creation for customers in order to make competitive positioning decisions and understand when they can capture value under competition. However, estimates of the relative importance of each driver are typically difficult to obtain. In this article, we help remedy this problem by demonstrating a novel method that obtains estimates of the contribution of various drivers of value creation from commonly available data of buyer–supplier relationships. These estimates can then be used to inform the strategy‐making process. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

无人机遥感系统的研究进展与应用前景

对于无人机遥感来说,融合了无人机技术与遥感技术.在无人机遥感技术应用的过程中,涵盖了诸多不同类型的先进技术,比如,无人机驾驶飞行技术、通讯技术、遥感传感器技术等,存在着显著的智能化、自动化等不同方面的特征,能够迅速得到相关资源,并且系统掌握国土、环境等不同方面的信息,然后加以实时化处理,通过建模与科学分析,能够制定出无...     

论我国农民专业合作社的发展空间

在与农业生产者的交易中,合作社是一种比IOFS有利于节约交易费用的制度安排,通常出现在由于资产专用性等因素的影响从而交易成本较高的领域。另一方面,集体行动的困难增加了合作社内部的协调成本,保持凝聚力的努力也使合作社成为内部组织成本较高的治理结构,导致合作社内部组织成本继续上升的因素将限制合作社的发展空间。我国存在普遍的农民兼业现象、农业生产规模小、农户间异质性程度高,这些约束条件提高了组建合作社的协调成本,成为制约我国农民专业合作社发展的主要障碍。     

我国农村合作医疗制度的变迁分析——从公共政策系统与过程的视角

我国农村合作医疗经历了近50年的发展,曾被世界卫生组织和世界银行称为"以最少的投入获得最大健康收益"的中国模式。文章从公共政策的系统要素和过程两方面来考量其制度变迁的进程,分析其繁荣发展和逐渐衰败的内因以及该制度在实施过程中的问题,以期得到有利于新型农村合作医疗制度的发展与完善的启示。     

大力发展农村合作组织 提高农村公共物品供给能力

随着农业税的取消,作为农村公共物品主要供给者的乡(镇)、村两级组织的收入大大减少,极大地影响了公共物品供给,严重制约了我国农村经济的发展和农民社会福祉的提高,成为构建社会主义新农村的一大瓶颈。文章认为,在新形势下,应充分认识到农村合作组织对缓解农村公共物品供给不足问题的重要作用,及时调整农村公共事业发展的思路,通过配套政策支持,大力发展农村合作组织,提高农村公共物品供给能力,以适应农村公共事业发展的需要。     

开放式机载时间同步系统的架构设计

针对现有机载时间同步系统在综合航电系统架构下通用性和可扩展性不足的问题,提出了一种具有开放式特征的机载时间同步系统架构。首先根据机载时间同步系统应用需求,分析了机载平台可选的技术手段,然后围绕时间链路、时间处理、时间管理、时间应用等基本要素,将机载时间同步系统自上而下划分为三个部分,从而形成分层次的机载时间同步架构。该架构在层间采用了标准开放接口,能同时兼容多种机间时间比对链路,具备多时间管理和时间品质评估的能力。最后,介绍了该架构下的时间同步实现流程,并分析了影响同步精度的主要误差环节。桌面测试结果表明,所提架构能够实现优于10 ns的时间同步精度。