城市边缘区空间重构的驱动机理研究述评

20世纪70年代以来,全球生产方式变革和资本积累体制变迁推动着我国快速城市化进程中社会经济体制转型和城市空间重构,城市边缘区作为城市空间增长的前沿阵地和社会异质性最强的地域类型,其驱动机理研究成为当前世界城市研究的热点。西方相关研究在结构-行为-社会行动者三个维度上不断实现理论整合,但考虑到我国独特的制度演化路径和社会经济结构,城市边缘区空间重构机理的构成和运作方式迥异于国外。国内当前研究成果偏重于宏观结构性驱动因素分析,而在相对微观的行为因素和关系因素研究方面还有待深入。因此,强化空间重构的行为过程和社会行动者关系研究,对于推动城市边缘区空间整合与社会融合,研拟空间重构调控策略具有非常重要的理论价值和现实意义。     

Macroforces driving change into the new millennium — major challenges for the hospitality professional

The fast pace of change will present many challenges in the new millennium. The success of the leader of tomorrow will depend on how well he or she is able to identify the forces that will drive change, invest in industry leading competitive methods that will take advantage of the opportunities presented by these forces and consistently allocate resources to these methods. Identifying the forces driving change is the most challenging aspect of this co-alignment concept. This paper explores the macroforces, which can be expected to drive change, and possible impact they will have on the hospitality organization. These forces include: globalization and economic change, a knowledge-based environment, the future of labor and quality in service delivery systems, and the growing consumer desire for improved well-being. These forces are presented along with the key variables making them up with the goal of understanding their complexities and interdependencies.     

喀什地区城市(镇)经济区空间组织研究

本研究基于喀什实例,结合喀什地区的社会经济基础及发展潜力,运用SPSS软件分析并在城市中心性和场强模型基础上,指出在现有人口-产业集聚区基础上构建多层次、高效运转的城镇经济区空间组织体系是增强喀什地区竞争能力的关键.     

Seat-belt use still low in Kuwait: self-reported driving behaviours among adult drivers

Kuwait mandated seat-belt use by drivers in 1976 and by front seat passengers in 1994. The study objectives were to identify and estimate current factors associated with seat-belt use and levels of potentially unsafe driving behaviours in Kuwait. In 2010, 741 adults were surveyed regarding driving habits and history. Only 41.6% of drivers reported always using a seat belt. Front seat passenger belt use was more common (30.5%) than rear seat belt use (6.5%). Distracted driving behaviours were common, including mobile phone use (‘always’ or ‘almost always’: 51.1%) and texting/SMS (32.4%). Logistic regression indicated that drivers who were young (18–19 years), male, Kuwaiti nationals or non-Kuwaiti Arabs, drove over the speed limit, had traffic violation tickets or >1 car crashes in the last year, were less likely to use seat belts. Targeted initiatives to increase public awareness and to enforce car-safety legislation, including use of seat belts, are necessary to decrease the health burden of car crashes in Kuwait.     

安徽省城市用地扩展研究——以六安市为例

以六安市为例，利用相关城市统计资料、相关城市图件，对撤地设市十年来六安城区土地扩展情况进行研究，并分析其驱动力因素。得出撤地设市以来六安市城市扩展速度明显增加，尤其2008—2010年扩展量占十年来总扩展量的34．07％，且年均增加4．88kmu；城市扩展动态度和城市用地效率也呈现明显的上：升趋势。城市扩展及其方向受到了社会经济条件、人口、交通、政策等因素的影响。     

“危险驾驶”行为不宜独立设罪——对刑法修正案（八）第二十二条的评析

危险驾驶行为有巨大的社会危险性,刑法修正案（八）将飙车、醉酒驾驶等危险驾驶行为纳入刑法打击的范围,迎合了社会公众要求打击此类行为的舆论。但是,单独设立危险驾驶罪有悖刑法谦抑性,会造成刑法规范之间的不协调和实践操作上的困难。通过解释和完善现有刑法规范,完全可以满足对高危驾驶行为进行刑事处罚的需要。因此,在刑法中单设危险驾驶罪没有必要。     

生态创业:内涵、特征与驱动因素

在综合已有研究成果的基础上，考察了生态创业的定义，把生态创业定义为以识别和发现环境机会为起点，以环境创新为手段的创新性的、市场导向的和个体推动的价值创造形式，这种创业活动在带来经济收益的同时推动了经济社会的“可持续”变革。在此基础上，进一步分析了生态创业的基本特征和生态创业生成的驱动因素。     

关于调控商品住宅价格着力点的研判

研究目的:研判中国商品住宅价格水平及其驱动力,提出下一步调控价格方向的政策建议。研究方法:提出研判商品住宅价格标准,以北京为例,借助房价收入比、控制购房还贷比的方法,研判商品住宅的价格水平及其主要驱动力,进而提出相应的调控着力点。研究结果:(1)北京商品住宅价格高于60%以上的居民户均住房消费水平;(2)商品住宅价格高位运行的驱动力主要来自房地产开发企业高额利润驱动、土地成本上升和投资(机)性需求增长。研究结论:中国商品住宅价格调控的下一步重点应当是稳定甚至降低土地成本、强化监控房地产开发企业的成本核算和利润所得、提高抑制投机性需求的针对性。     

农业用地转化为建设用地的内在机制及驱动力研究

研究目的:研究分析农业用地转化为建设用地的内在机制和驱动力。研究方法:资源经济学、计量经济学的理论与方法。研究结果:土地利用收益的不同是土地用途转化的最直接驱动因素;新增建设用地仍然是拉动和促进国家及地方经济发展的主要动力;提出了应用税收等经济手段平衡农业用地与建设用地的措施对策。研究结论:为调控中国农业用地向建设用地转化、提高土地利用效益和促进节约集约利用土地等的政策制定提供科学理论依据。     

电动汽车所用电控系统性能介绍及设计

本文简要介绍电动汽车所用电机控制器的种类、结构、工作原理、特点和设计。