Institutional environment and firms' sources of financial capital in Central and Eastern Europe

The external business environment is a major determinant of which sources firms select to obtain financial capital. We examine how the regulatory, political, and financial dimensions of the institutional environment influence the extent to which firms rely on informal sources of financial capital. The analyses of data from 2869 firms in twenty-six transition economies in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) indicate that ineffective regulatory system, underdeveloped financial system, and government corruption are strong determinants of firms' reliance on informal channels for financial capital. We also find that smaller firms are more vulnerable when the local financial system is underdeveloped and the regulatory institutions are less effective in these transition economies. A subgroup analysis of firms' forms of establishment shows that private firms are sensitive to the level of development of the local financial system and state-owned enterprises are particularly sensitive to the degree of corruption.     

国防科技工业发展战略性新兴产业的路径选择

文章系统分析了国防科技工业在发展战略性新兴产业中的地位作用,明确提出了新一代信息技术、高端装备制造、新能源、新材料、节能环保等国防科技工业发展战略性新兴产业的五大领域与重点任务,并从发挥军民两用高技术优势、创新产业发展模式、加强产学研商全方位结合、创建军民结合产业基地等方面对国防科技工业发展战略性新兴产业的路径进行了探究。     

The geography of air freight: connections to U.S. metropolitan economies

Despite the rapid growth of air freight shipments, much of the existing literature on the geography of air transportation has paid more attention to passenger travel than air freight. The purpose of this paper is to elevate our understanding of air freight by determining which specific variables most influence and shape the geographic distribution of air freight by metropolitan area using stepwise regression analysis. The empirical results suggest a regression model of five independent variables was the most parsimonious solution where the final model accounted for 71.1% of the variation in air freight shipments by metropolitan area (MA). The most important predictor was the traffic shadow effect, where less populated MAs under the traffic shadow of larger MAs tended to generate lower levels of freight. The model also suggested that other key predictors included the employment market share in transportation-shipping-logistics industries, per capita personal income, the number of medical diagnostic and supplier establishments, and above average wages in high technology. Overall, metropolitan markets with diverse and efficient ground support systems, freight forwarders and other transportation services, a more affluent population, an intense agglomeration of medical laboratories and related suppliers, and a well paid skilled workforce engaged in computer systems design and electronic product manufacturing are more likely to ship freight by air.     

基于技术轨道的战略性新兴产业创新分析

借鉴高新技术产业发展的经验,可以促进战略性新兴产业的发展.通过自主创新技术可以不断深化形成产业技术轨道,同时带动相关产业的不断发展和相关技术的成熟与跨越.     

发达省域战略性新兴产业竞争研究

战略性新兴产业可分为强环境驱动型与弱环境驱动型、准先导型与准支柱型。在对各新兴产业作全国性比较的基础上,发现发达省域可兼顾比较优势、竞争优势与不确定性的要求来优化产业定位。发达省域遭遇世界长波衰退、世界能源危机、中国亚军危机、房地产泡沫、冲动性投资、低劳动收入等环境因素对新兴产业形成的内外"双轮夹击"。构建"软硬双驱"竞争优势模型,并由此指出发达省域战略性新兴产业竞争优势升级的路径。     

黑龙江省培育和发展战略性新兴产业研究

战略性新兴产业是以重大技术突破和发展需求为基础,对经济社会全局和长远发展具有引领带动作用,知识技术密集、物质资源消耗少、成长潜力大、综合效益好的产业。培育和发展战略性新兴产业是黑龙江省应对国际金融危机、转变经济发展方式的迫切需要。正确分析战略性新兴产业过程中存在的问题和挑战并提出对策建议,是实现黑龙江省经济社会健康可持续发展的客观要求。     

新兴大国的自主创新道路——以“金砖四国”为例的研究

新兴大国面临着推动经济持续增长和转型的任务,走自主创新道路是一种必然选择。进入新世纪以来,＂金砖四国＂的增长竞争力在上升,除俄罗斯外的三国创新能力也在上升。应该借鉴发达国家的成功经验、新兴大国的实践经验,从创新主体、创新内容和创新环境上构建自主创新道路的框架,并致力于完善创新机制、掌握关键核心技术、发展战略性新型产业和加强国际技术合作交流。     

面向全球人工智能高影响力科研人员的综合学术影响力评价模型研究

科技人才对于一国的科技创新发展至关重要,科学合理地评价科研人员的学术影响力,对于科技人才遴选、引进、管理具有重要意义,同时,也可以营造公平、公正的学术氛围,推动科技发展。本研究针对新兴科技领域知识迭代更新快的特点,提出了新兴科技领域科研人员学术影响力综合评价体系和模型,并以人工智能高影响力科研人员为例进行了分析。结果发现,成果引用情况对学术影响力影响最大,其次是学术研究能力和学术活跃程度。本研究提供了一种指标客观赋值的方法,对于科研人员学术影响力的客观评价提供支撑。     

“逆向混改”如何影响战略性新兴产业民企绿色创新？ ——基于代表性产业比较分析的视角

以“逆向混改”现象普遍的高新技术、节能环保两类战略性新兴产业为研究对象,基于民营企业“逆向混改”的准自然实验,实证检验“逆向混改”对民企绿色创新的影响。结果显示,“逆向混改”可以有效驱动战略性新兴产业民企提高绿色创新绩效。机制检验发现,“逆向混改”具有促进专业化发展和融资约束缓解的“双重功效”,有利于促成民企绿色创新发展的“护城河”和“蓄水池”。基于代表性产业比较分析发现,环境规制的合理设计及强化,可以有效地促进高新技术产业民企“逆向混改”对绿色创新的协同效应;创新补贴政策的适度强化及激励,可以有效地促进节能环保产业民企“逆向混改”对绿色创新的互补效应。研究揭示了“逆向混改”推进民企绿色创新的影响规律,为促进战略性新兴产业高质量发展提供了理论和政策启发。