Social-economic Development of Small West European Peripheral Countries

In the framework of different countries＇ international comparison, the objective of this paper reflects research topic of investigation--the identification of small countries, revealing features of economic development and business growth in economic history context of small economies classification. The object of investigation focuses on West European and Nordic countries＇ small economies. The hypothesis of the article is that small states under consideration are developing as the business competitive peripheries areas due to the special Scandinavian capitalist model development characterized by high level of social capital. The statistical data base includes Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development indicators, World Bank parameters and Nordic transnational corporation＇s annual reports. The paper considers the following research questions： （1） the critical overview of the mainstream academicians opinions concerning different-scaled economies, （2） classification of small states and clarification of different groups of the small-scaled countries role in the world and regional economy through historical context, （3） estimates and variants of small countries＇ social-economic development in accordance with different parameters, （4） consideration of Nordic European countries coming to the business model of the competitive peripheral social-economic development. The main summing up conclusion is that small economies of Nordic Europe are converting nowadays into the experimental laboratory of the European and world economy due to the specific model of their social-oriented economic and business growth, their geopolitical location between developed European integration complex embracing presumably small-scaled states from one side and large-scaled emerging market economy of Asian continent from the other side.     

Openness and trade policy in China: an industrial analysis

This paper analyzes the tariff structure and its determinants in China, with our research conducted under the rubric of endogenous policy theory. We study the tariff rates for 95 industries in China in 1996. The potential determinants of tariff rates are collected from an array of variables characterizing industries in 1995. A principal component method is used to reduce these variables into four major dimensions. The first component comprises the information on the composition of employees broken down by age, education, and job classification. The second component is underlined by the profitability of the industry. The third component consists of those variables not picked up with high salience in the first two components. More closely resembling those in the second component than the first, these variables include gross product, foreign capital, inventory, sales revenue, and total loss. The fourth component receives high loadings from two variables: the number of firms in the industry and the number of firms that incur net losses in their operation. Using variables identified by the principal component analysis and postulated by the variants of the endogenous trade theory, regression analysis finds that the trade policy in China is mainly defined by an industrial policy favoring high-tech industries and a social policy minimizing social instability. The implications for China's entry into the World Trade Organization (WTO) are also provided in the paper.     

Robustness of Forecasting Financial Crises in Emerging Market Economies with Data Revisions—A Note

Data revisions routinely introduced by the World Bank can lead to significant revisions in empirical results. We show this by re-estimating our aggregate indicator for predicting the 1997 Asian crisis utilizing the 1999 and 2004 updates of the 1996 World Bank data and comparing these results to those we obtained (this Journal, 2000) for predicting the same event using the original, unrevised, 1996 World Bank data. Since most data-gathering organizations routinely revise their data, this may represent a much greater problem for policy makers than might be recognized.     

中国经济转型与治理变革

由中国改革发展研究院（海南）举办的以\"2014新兴经济体智库经济政策论坛——走向新常态的新兴经济体\"为主题的第79次中国改革国际论坛于2014年11月1²日在海口举行。本刊征得张军扩、王一鸣、吴晓求、宋立、倪红日、曹文炼、刘尚希、王小鲁、汪玉凯、张占斌、郑新立、郭濂、欧阳康、李实、薛澜等专家学者的同意,编发该组演讲论文。文章在\"走向新常态的新兴经济体\"的背景下,纵论中国的经济改革和发展,涵盖中国追赶型增长的阶段转换与增长前景;以创新推动产业向中高端水平发展;资本市场发展与中国金融的结构性改革;中国经济新常态与城镇化新趋势;中国经济新常态下财税改革的目标、路径以及面临的挑战;经济增长、收入分配与结构调整等多个视角。     

经济增长、收入分配与结构调整

由中国改革发展研究院（海南）举办的以\"2014新兴经济体智库经济政策论坛——走向新常态的新兴经济体\"为主题的第79次中国改革国际论坛于2014年11月1²日在海口举行。本刊征得张军扩、王一鸣、吴晓求、宋立、倪红日、曹文炼、刘尚希、王小鲁、汪玉凯、张占斌、郑新立、郭濂、欧阳康、李实、薛澜等专家学者的同意,编发该组演讲论文。文章在\"走向新常态的新兴经济体\"的背景下,纵论中国的经济改革和发展,涵盖中国追赶型增长的阶段转换与增长前景;以创新推动产业向中高端水平发展;资本市场发展与中国金融的结构性改革;中国经济新常态与城镇化新趋势;中国经济新常态下财税改革的目标、路径以及面临的挑战;经济增长、收入分配与结构调整等多个视角。     

向西开放构建21世纪亚欧大陆经济整合大战略与丝绸之路经济带

由中国改革发展研究院（海南）举办的以\"2014新兴经济体智库经济政策论坛——走向新常态的新兴经济体\"为主题的第79次中国改革国际论坛于2014年11月1²日在海口举行。本刊征得张军扩、王一鸣、吴晓求、宋立、倪红日、曹文炼、刘尚希、王小鲁、汪玉凯、张占斌、郑新立、郭濂、欧阳康、李实、薛澜等专家学者的同意,编发该组演讲论文。文章在\"走向新常态的新兴经济体\"的背景下,纵论中国的经济改革和发展,涵盖中国追赶型增长的阶段转换与增长前景;以创新推动产业向中高端水平发展;资本市场发展与中国金融的结构性改革;中国经济新常态与城镇化新趋势;中国经济新常态下财税改革的目标、路径以及面临的挑战;经济增长、收入分配与结构调整等多个视角。     

基于主成分分析的上市公司财务危机预警模型研究

本文以我国上市公司为研究对象,选取2009年被ST的上市公司作为财务危机样本组,共61家, 同时选取与财务危机组同行业,资产规模在10%差异之内的61家非财务危机上市公司作为配 对样本,共计122家(61组)上市公司的财务数据进行研究。从这61组中随机选取31组配对样 本作为学习样本组,用来构建财务困境预测模型,另外30组样本作为检验样本组,用来检验 预测模型的有效性。