制度变迁与区域经济增长:基于湖南省级数据的实证

从制度因素的角度,首先在理论上分析了制度因素与经济增长之间的关系,然后以湖南省为例,通过构建一个制度的综合指标体系,进而分别得到不同的制度因素指数,并通过对不同的制度因素对经济增长所产生的影响进行实证分析,结果表明经济制度、政治制度、法律制度以及综合制度因素对经济增长具有正向的影响,最后提出了进一步深化湖南省各项制度改革的政策建议。     

中国区域旅游产业结构变化的空间差异分析

利用区位熵、产业集中度指数和产业结构变化指数以及产业结构变化方向四个理论模型,以2000—2009年旅游产业统计数据基础,分析了我国不同区域旅游核心产业之间的变化及差异。结果表明：旅游核心产业的区位熵总体呈现出东高西低的梯度递减格局,其中旅行社业的区域特征最为明显。从多年的发展趋势来看,我国旅游产业的区位熵总体呈现出区域均衡化发展的趋势;产业集中度指数方面区域特征相对较弱,但总体向酒店行业集中。发展趋势方面,总体呈现出逐年降低的趋势,说明我国旅游产业间的空间差异也在向均衡化发展;产业结构变化指数近年来发展趋势相对平缓,空间方面总体呈现出北大南小,东、西部变化大,中部小的格局;产业结构变化方向有一定差异,但较为一致,总体表现为旅游景区业和旅行社业上升,旅游星级饭店业下降的趋势。     

公司治理对上市公司审计师变更影响的实证分析

对审计师变更原因以及公司治理对审计师变更影响的国内外研究文献进行了梳理。以我国沪深A股上市公司为研究样本,综合运用统计检验和Logistic分析方法,实证检验了公司治理评价体系的6个维度、15个指标对上市公司审计师变更的影响。结果表明:公司治理对审计师变更的影响显著;其中,第一大股东持股比例、独立董事比例、董事会会议次数与审计师变更显著负相关,是否发生诉讼仲裁事项、信息披露是否充分与审计师变更显著正相关。     

科技创新对就业的影响效应——基于总量和结构的视角

在文献综述和理论分析的基础上,构建了自回归分布滞后模型,并采用1995—2010年相关数据,通过单位根检验、协整检验、Granger因果关系检验、脉冲响应分析和方差分解分析,实证检验了科技创新对我国就业总量和就业结构的影响。结果显示:我国科技创新总体上并未排斥就业,对就业量的总体效应为溢出效应,同时优化了就业结构。     

Does legal system matter for directed technical change? Evidence from the auto industry

Does the effect of fuel taxes on clean innovations (e.g. hybrid technology) depend on the legal system’s rigidity? Using 1986–2005 data from more than 1900 firms, evidence suggests that auto-industry firms located in civil law (with more rigid laws) countries increase clean technology patenting more than common law (with more flexible laws) firms when the tax-inclusive fuel price rises. A rigid legal system appears to raise clean technology innovation.     

Is Part-Time Employment after Childbirth a Stepping-Stone into Full-Time Work? A Cohort Study for East and West Germany

Does part-time work support first-time mothers’ employment by providing a stepping-stone into full-time work in Germany? Using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel from 1984–2012, this study compares three different age cohorts of first-time East and West German mothers to investigate whether there has been any convergence between East and West Germany in the way women use part-time employment. Results show that mothers in West Germany in all cohorts tended to remain in part-time employment for longer periods than those in East Germany. Part-time employment more often provided a stepping-stone into full-time employment in East Germany than in West Germany. East German women who gave birth after reunification were less likely than older cohorts to experience a transition from part-time to full-time work. Thus, part-time employment not followed by subsequent full-time work has become more common in the East.     

Railway development from the Japanese occupation period to the present – using Kaohsiung city as an example​​​​​​​​

This study intended to discuss the interactive influence of the emergence, transformation and decline of the railway in Kaohsiung Port on urban development, the population, the activities and the economy in the region during the period of 1895–2010, from the perspectives of urban planning, railway development, population and industry. This study used the crossover analysis method, and used the factors of railway development and urban planning, within a fixed time period, to explore the chain dependence relationship among the industry, the population, the regional economy and the railway stations in Kaohsiung city. This study found that urban planning, economic development, railway development and industry have an interactive influence on the overall urban development. Urban planning promotes the rapid growth of the population, and economic development propels the growth and shaping of the regional economy, thus increasing employment opportunities. In addition, the railway development process moves forward with urban development.     

Three Short Stories of Progressive Institutional Change

The process of institutional change is a fundamental theme in institutional economics. There are multiple avenues for forging institutional change — policies, laws, cultural norms, social movements, and social practices. I analyze three examples of progressive institutional change. While there are many to choose from, the three short stories focus on: (i) accounting for measures of housework and care work in GDP; (ii) transforming legal values through adoption of marriage equality in the United States; and (iii) interrogating the fresh-tomatoes food supply chain in order to achieve a penny-a-pound more in earnings for migrant field workers. Each of these examples of progressive institutional change involves changing values, a cumulative process.     

On-duty and Off-duty: Employee Right to Privacy and Employer’s Right to Control in the Private Sector

The changing legal landscape of the right of the employer to control and monitor employee behavior is examined. Two distinct areas are defined: behavioral monitoring and behavioral restrictions. Relevant statutory laws and the developing common law are discussed. We also examine potential employee reactions to such policies by evaluating the reactions of graduate students to six employer policies including weight restrictions, grooming requirements, use of GPS locators, drug testing, ban on off-duty smoking, and email and internet monitoring. Students responded to these policies by determining the reasonable interest of the employer in the behaviors being monitored or controlled and the manner in which policies were implemented. Their comments suggest that employees may accept some level of monitoring or behavioral restrictions if the employer can make a convincing social account of the need for a policy. Additionally, the policy must be clearly communicated and properly implemented. However, restrictions on off-duty behavior were typically poorly received with the exception of illegal drug use.     

The Measurement and Structural Modeling of the Reasonableness of Workplace Accommodations

The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) guarantees protection from discrimination for persons with a disability. The ADA requires employers to make reasonable accommodations for persons with physical and mental disabilities unless doing so would produce undue hardship on the organization. Fifteen years after the passage of the ADA, the question as to what is a reasonable accommodation remains controversial, especially for some types of disabilities. In this study, a reasonable accommodation scale is proposed and tested using structural equation modeling in hopes that such a scale will aid the courts and organizations in determining what is reasonable. Individuals’ level of awareness of disability issues is also examined in the model to examine the relationship between awareness and willingness to accommodate. Results indicate acceptable fit of the model to the data and provide support for the proposed scale. Furthermore, the relationship between awareness of disability issues and willingness to accommodate was significant. Implications for research and practice are discussed.