亚洲国家视野下的中国历史基体——兼论从日本、韩国和越南发展研究视角的可能性

针对中国研究文献中认为中国具有某种本体或历史基体的惯常假设,同时包括中文和英文文献,但尤其重视日本文献,作者对中国历史基体的论述进行了分析,并将沟口雄三具体提出的中国历史基体的主张作为反省的对象,旨在分析他提出历史基体论的动机,即要摆脱因为日本自身历史脉络对日本学者认识中国所造成的限制。作者以韩国学者研究朝贡关系为案例,对历史基体论这一学术议题提出了质疑,并佐以越南的两位中国学专家的观点进行了比较,认为对基体论进行检视有助于中国研究取得知识启示。     

组织伦理气氛与道德行为关系的理论分析

组织伦理气氛作为组织文化的一部分,直接影响着道德行为的发生.文章介绍了组织伦理气氛的理论构建,提出从组织伦理气氛的种类和组织伦理气氛的强弱程度两个维度来阐述组织伦理气氛与道德行为的关系,指出不同种类的伦理气氛产生道德行为的可能性不同,不同的伦理气氛强弱程度对道德行为的影响程度也有所差异.最后,文章提供了强化和改进组织伦理气氛的几种方法.     

Ethics in Global Business and in a Plural Society

The contemporary confluence of globalization and ethical pluralism is at the origin of many ethical challenges that confront business nowadays, both in practice and in theory. One of the challenges arising from the development of globalization has to do with respect for cultural diversity. It is often said that the success of economic globalization tends towards social and cultural homogeneity. To the extent that cultural diversity is usually seen as a valuable reality, that global trend seems to contradict our efforts to respect ethical pluralism, both personal and cultural, within society. In this paper I argue that (a) ethical minimalism, despite its emphasis on tolerance and justice, does not take pluralism seriously into account in present-day society, and (b) ethical minimalism is not suited to balancing the homogenizing trend of globalization. Certainly ethical norms are necessary, but by no means are they sufficient in themselves to encourage either justice or tolerance; nor are they sufficient to inspire and encourage good practices and sound regulations. Instead, virtue-based ethics has the capacity of inspiring and encouraging good practices. Particularly, virtue-based ethics is able to inspire a serious dialogue about ethical and legal issues both in the public arena and within organizations.     

转变我国经济发展方式探析

转变经济发展方式是党中央在深刻总结我国改革开放29年来经济发展经验的基础上提出的科学发展战略。牢固树立科学发展观的指导思想,深刻领悟转变经济发展方式的内涵,对于推进社会主义经济持续、健康与和谐发展。夺取全面建设小康社会的新胜利,具有十分重要的意义。     

《2002年萨班斯-奥克斯利法案》对会计寻租的抑制

会计寻租是会计丑闻的重要原因,它给经济的发展带来了重大负面影响。本文以公共选择、利益集团等理论分析了会计寻租原因,并结合《2002年萨班斯-奥克斯利法案》,讨论了法案对会计寻租的抑制。     

消费者伦理信念及关系质量对消费者非伦理行为的影响

本文运用典型相关分析法对中国消费者的伦理问题进行探讨,提出并检验了关系质量在消费者伦理信念与消费者非伦理行为决策中的调节作用。文章指出,鉴于信念与行为在很多场合下的非一致性,在以后的消费者伦理研究中,努力开发类似关系质量的调节或中介变量是有意义的。     

论生物技术伦理原则

从实践出发建构伦理原则是正确的思路,从尊严核心到不伤害核心是合理的。现代生物技术伦理原则是不伤害、尊重、知情同意,它们处于不同层次而构成原则体系。     

Supporting ALARP decision making by cost benefit analysis and multiattribute utility theory

Current guidance in the UK and elsewhere indicate upper and target risk limits for the operation of nuclear plant in terms of individual risk per annum. ‘As low as reasonably practicable’ (ALARP) arguments are used to justify the acceptance or rejection of policies that lead to risk changes between these limits. The suitability of cost‐benefit analysis (CBA) and multiattribute utility theory (MAUT) are assessed for performing ALARP (‘as low as reasonably possible’) assessments, in particular within the nuclear industry. Four problems stand out in current CBA applications to ALARP, concerning the determination of prices of safety gains or detriments, the valuation of group and individual risk, calculations using ‘disproportionality’, and the use of discounting to trade‐off risks through time. This last point has received less attention in the past but is important because of the growing interest in risk‐informed regulation in which policies extend over several timeframes and distribute the risk unevenly over these, or in policies that lead to a nonuniform risk within a single timeframe (such as maintenance policies). The problems associated with giving quantitative support to such decisions are discussed. It is argued that multiattribute utility methods (MAUT) provide an alternative methodology to CBA which enable the four problems described above to be addressed in a more satisfactory way. Through sensitivity analysis MAUT can address the perceptions of all stakeholder groups, facilitating constructive discussion and elucidating the key points of disagreement. It is also argued that by being explicitly subjective it provides an open, auditable and clear analysis in contrast to the illusory objectivity of CBA. CBA seeks to justify a decision by using a common basis for weights (prices), while MAUT recognizes that different parties may want to give different valuations. It then allows the analyst to explore the ways in which different parties might (or might not) come to the same conclusion even when weighting items differently.     

Negative affectivity and workplace deviance: the moderating role of ethical climate

This study investigates (1) the relationship between employees’ trait of negative affectivity (NA) and workplace deviance and (2) the moderating role of ethical climate in the above relationship. Data was collected from 310 employees in 40 Taiwanese companies, and hierarchical linear modeling was used to test the hypotheses. Results show that NA was positively related to workplace deviance. In addition, the rules climate weakened the relationship between NA and workplace deviance, and both the instrumental climate and the caring climate strengthened the relationship between NA and workplace deviance. Managerial implications and future research directions are also discussed.