带状线1/4波长耦合器误差分析

建立了在中心频率处带状线1/4波长定向耦合器S参数和驻波比的一阶近似式,根据灵敏度定义推导出耦合端和直通端幅度相对电路参数的灵敏度表达式,通过编程并与Ansoft公司仿真软件比较,结果显示了所推导公式的正确性和有效性.     

证券市场信息披露重大性标准探析

重大性标准的确立是确定证券市场信息披露范围的基础和前提。在不同的语境中重大性标准分别表现为重大事实、重大变化和重大信息三个层次。在司法实践中,重大性标准经由具体的案例不断得到修正和发展。我国证券法中的重大性标准具体表现为投资者决策标准、价格敏感标准以及发行人品质不利影响标准。我国对重大信息暂不应采取统一标准。     

Structural change decomposition through a global sensitivity analysis of input–output models

Sensitivity analysis has become an important tool to test the robustness of estimated economic models. In this paper we propose the use of simulation-based sensitivity analysis to identify the fundamental structure of the economy. To show the possibilities of this technique, we provide empirical evidence on the path of structural change occurring in the Chicago economy by running simulations for projected input–output tables over the period 1975–2010.     

Entry Effects on Cartel Stability and the Joint Executive Committee

We extend Green and Porter's (1984) model to considerentry, by studying twoalternative types of incumbent firms' post-entryreactions: cartel breakdownand accommodation of the entrants. We show thatcooperation is more unstableif entry costs are low and if incumbents accommodatethe new firms. We thentest the applicability of the theoretical model tothe type of collusionthat characterizes the nineteenth-century railroadcartel in the US. Theresults provide support for the model predictions.In particular, cartelstability has been found to be negatively correlatedwith the number of firms in the agreement.     

The Determinants of REIT CEO Compensation

Executive compensation has garnered much attention in the last decade from both academicians and practitioners. We examine the relationship between increase in CEO compensation, industry-specific performance measures, and stock return for the years 1993–1999 in the Real Estate Investment Trust (REIT) industry. We find evidence that compensation evaluation is related to stock returns, and to changes in Real Estate Investment and Funds from Operation for the years 1997, 1998, and 1999. Furthermore, we document a negative relation between CEO raise and age. We find no link between compensation and earnings per share, whether the REIT is self-managed, or type of property in which the REIT specializes.     

The clock is ticking! Executive temporal depth,industry velocity,and competitive aggressiveness

We examine how the interplay between executive temporal depth (time horizons that executives consider when contemplating past and future events) and industry velocity (the rate at which new opportunities emerge and disappear in an industry) shapes competitive aggressiveness (a firm's propensity to challenge rivals directly and intensely in order to maintain or improve its market position) and firm performance. Based on panel data (from 1995 to 2000) from 258 firms in 23 industries, we found that executive temporal depth exhibited different patterns of relationships with competitive aggressiveness in low‐ and high‐velocity industries. Moreover, competitive aggressiveness had a positive main effect on firm performance, but this effect was stronger in high‐velocity industries than in low‐velocity industries. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Whom are you promoting? Positive voluntary public disclosures and executive turnover

Research summary: This paper uses signaling theory to bring together two complementary research streams that have largely ignored each other: strategic human resource management and media relations management. We argue that when publicly traded firms voluntarily and publicly disclose positive information about their value creation and appropriation activities, they also send positive signals to managerial labor markets regarding executives' capabilities. Accordingly, we hypothesize a positive association between public disclosures and voluntary executive turnover. An analysis of pharmaceutical and communications equipment firms from 1990 to 2004 supports this prediction, underscoring the need to understand better the effects of voluntary public disclosures on a firm's ability to protect its human capital. More generally, our results highlight the importance of considering the impact of a single signal on multiple receivers. Managerial summary: Given the organizational benefits of positive media coverage, the considerable effort that firms put into managing their image in the media is not surprising. We argue and show, however, that when a firm enhances its public image it also improves its executives' positions in the managerial labor market and, by so doing, increases their likelihood of voluntarily leaving the firm. In particular, we find that corporate press releases, an important mechanism for managing information released in the public domain to signal a firm's competitive advantages, may result in unintentional loss of senior management talent. This trade‐off suggests that firms should increase coordination between their strategy, human resources, and corporate communications/investor relations departments to ensure that they collectively weigh the benefits and costs of publicly disclosing value‐relevant information. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

研发投资、企业风险与高管薪酬——业绩敏感性

企业研发投资会影响高管薪酬与业绩的敏感性。本文以2010～2014年沪深A股上市公司数据为样本,实证检验了研发投资、企业风险与高管薪酬--业绩敏感性之间的关系。研究结论表明,研发投资与企业风险呈正相关关系;增加研发投资导致企业风险加大,高管薪酬与业绩的敏感性会有所降低;进一步地,企业风险在研发投资与高管薪酬--业绩敏感性的负向关系中起中介作用。本文不仅丰富了高管薪酬--业绩敏感性影响因素的研究,也为企业针对研发活动设计合理薪酬契约提供了决策支持。     

董事会资本、高管薪酬激励与企业R&D投入——基于我国创业板上市公司的经验证据

董事会资本、高管激励契约与研发投入之间的关系一直是国内外学者研究的热点和焦点问题。论文基于资源依赖理论和委托代理理论的双重视角,以创业板上市公司为研究对象,采用两阶段最小二乘法,考察了董事会资本对研发投入的影响,以及高管薪酬激励对二者关系的调节作用。实证研究结果显示：（1）董事会资本宽度对企业的研发投入具有显著的正向影响;（2）董事会资本深度对企业的R&D投入具有显著的正向影响;（3）进一步分析发现,高管薪酬激励对董事会资本和研发投入之间的关系具有正向调节作用。     

高管股权激励 、约束机制与对外直接投资速率

对外直接投资速率是企业国际化过程中面临的重要决策 ,但并未引起学术界的广泛重视.文章从公司治理的视角剖析了企业对外直接投资速率的决策驱动机制,并基于2004-2013年中国上市公司在全球范围内的对外直接投资数据 ,探讨了高管股权激励对于对外直接投资速率的影响以及高管所面临的内外部约束机制对两者关系的调节作用.实证结果显示:(1)股权激励总体上使得高管倾向于选择快速扩张的投资策略;(2)内部约束机制会强化高管股权激励与对外直接投资速率之间的正向关系;(3)外部约束机制会弱化高管股权激励与企业对外直接投资速率之间的正向关系.进一步研究发现:在民营企业内部 ,高管股权激励对于加快企业投资的激励效果以及外部约束机制的调节作用更加明显;而无论是民营企业还是国有企业 ,内部约束机制的调节作用均十分显著.文章为如何充分调动企业高管积极性和主动性去实施"走出去"战略以及抓住国际化机遇提供了借鉴.