国外铁路物流中心发展经验借鉴

我国铁路物流中心的建设尚处起步阶段,真正的物流中心还没有完全形成,初具物流中心雏形的也数量不多,多为地方性物流中心。文章通过分析美国、德国、日本铁路运营管理模式、物流中心建设以及运营方面的成功经验,分别对其经验进行总结分析。基于铁路货运发展方式的转变以及综合物流的新环境,结合我国铁路物流中心建设情况,将国外先进的经验与我国铁路物流发展特征相结合,提出为促进我国铁路物流中心快速发展可采取的措施和建议,不仅用于铁路物流中心的建设、运营,也可以促进我国铁路货运向现代物流的发展。     

会计师事务所人力资本特征与审计质量——来自中国资本市场的经验证据

人力资本在会计师事务所中具有十分重要的意义。本文利用2009年我国会计师事务所及其非金融类上市公司客户的数据,以操控性应计额度量审计质量,检验会计师事务所中注册会计师所占比重以及注册会计师的学历、年龄、参加行业领军人才培训情况等人力资本特征对审计质量的影响,结果发现,在我国本土事务所中,注册会计师的年龄以及入选行业领军人才培训计划的人数与正向的操控性应计额之间存在显著的负向关系,这表明,会计师事务所中注册会计师的经验丰富程度和对培训的重视程度对于抑制客户的正向盈余管理行为、提高审计质量具有积极作用。文章没有发现会计师事务所中注册会计师的比重以及注册会计师中高学历者所占比重与审计质量之间存在显著关系的证据。     

东莞华中科技大学制造工程研究院创新发展的经验与启示

研究东莞华中科技大学制造工程研究院在建设及发展过程中的做法经验,主要包括采取“三方合作共建”的模式,依托各方的资源优势,加强产学研结合与国际合作,组建集中式技术服务中心等,从而为广东其它科技创新服务平台建设发展提供经验借鉴。     

城乡医疗保险统筹如何影响农村老年人的幸福感？——来自CHARLS数据的证据

基于2011—2018年CHARLS四期面板数据,运用多期双重差分和倾向得分匹配双重差分模型,检验了城乡医疗保险统筹对农村老年人幸福感的影响并探究了其影响机制。结果显示：城乡医疗保险统筹显著提高了农村老年人的积极情感,同时有效降低了其消极情感。机制检验发现,城乡医疗保险统筹通过减轻医疗负担、提高就医便捷性和提升健康预期三条路径影响农村老年人的幸福感。异质性分析表明,该政策对健康状况较差、收入水平较高、东部和中部地区农村老年人幸福感的影响作用更显著。     

International Experience,China’s Development and Prospect of Carbon Market Construction

Carbon market, which is capable of scientific quantifying and marked-based pricing of carbon emission, is an important way for countries to achieve the target of carbon emission reduction. The global carbon market, after more than ten years of development, has developed a mature mechanism. China started the trial of carbon market in 2011. After ten years of exploration, the national carbon trading market was officially launched in mid-July 2021. Against the backdrop of carbon neutrality, the national carbon market will shoulder a greater mission of carbon emission reduction and speed up its financialization and internationalization. However, it should take a dialectical attitude toward the opportunities and risks of carbon market financialization. In the future, China can promote the development of carbon market through efforts to develop market participants, clarify the attributes of carbon finance, prevent potential risks of carbon finance, improve the connection mechanism with the international carbon market, and innovate carbon finance services.     

小城镇建设的国际经验借鉴

我国正进入城镇化快速推进时期,作为城镇化重要内容的小城镇建设,如何解决当前发展过程中存在的诸如布局规划不合理,规划建设随意性大,小城镇产业特色不突出等问题,是摆在我们面前的首要任务。国外小城镇建设早于我国几十年,在发展过程中积累了相当经验,这些经验对于我们具有相当大的借鉴意义。为此我们应当坚持扬弃吸收原则,借鉴国外经验,结合我国具体国情,推进我国小城镇建设健康发展。     

The Value of CEO Mobility: Contextual Factors That Shape the Impact of Prior CEO Experience on Market Performance and CEO Compensation

This study examines the value that prior CEO experience has for the companies that hire such CEOs—as reflected in the firms’ subsequent market‐based performance—as well as its value for the CEO that possesses this experience—as reflected in his or her initial compensation. While we suggest that shareholders tend not to benefit from firms hiring experienced CEOs, we also argue that particular firm and industry contextual factors that shaped the prior CEO experience help ameliorate this detrimental effect. Regardless, we also suggest that prior CEO experience generally stands to benefit the CEOs, in that it brings them a compensation premium over those CEOs without such prior experience. We tested our hypotheses on a sample of 654 US CEO succession events that occurred between 2001 and 2004 and found broad support for our hypotheses. We close with a discussion of the implications of our findings for future research as well as what they mean for firms hiring experienced CEOs and for CEO careers more generally. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Revenge Exacerbates the Effects of Interpersonal Problems on Mentors’ Emotional Exhaustion and Work‐Family Conflict: A Self‐Defeating Perspective

Drawing on conservation of resources theory, this study examined the link between negative mentoring experiences (i.e., interpersonal problems) perceived by mentors and their work‐family conflict (WFC) by focusing on the mediating role of emotional exhaustion and the moderating role of revenge. The results of a field survey of 187 mentors in China supported all of our hypotheses, indicating that interpersonal problems perceived by mentors were positively related to their WFC. This relationship was also found to be mediated by the mentors’ emotional exhaustion. In addition, revenge against protégés was found to moderate the main effect of interpersonal problems on emotional exhaustion and the indirect effect of interpersonal problems on WFC. Specifically, revenge exacerbated the positive relationship between interpersonal problems and emotional exhaustion. Further, emotional exhaustion mediated the indirect effect of interpersonal problems on WFC when the level of revenge was high, but not when it was low. The findings of this study provide insightful theoretical contributions and managerial implications that indicate new directions for research related to mentoring and work‐family relationships. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

沪港服务输出的比较研究

随着全球经济的快速发展,服务贸易在国际经济中的地位迅速提高,并逐渐成为衡量一国或地区国际竞争力的重要标准。沪港作为中国服务贸易发展较快的两个地区,而且又是未来东亚乃至全球经济中心的潜在竞争对手,所以两者在一定程度上具有可比性。因此,从三个方面对沪港两地的服务输出比较研究,发现它们之间存在较大的差异,并从差异原因的分析中总结出两地服务输出发展的成功经验,以期为北京、广州等地提供借鉴。两地在未来关系的发展中,应相互合作,实现共赢。     

CFO事务所经历与公司自愿信息披露——基于业绩预告的经验证据

CFO作为公司财务负责人,对公司盈余信息披露具有重要影响。基于业绩预告披露视角,以2006—2020年沪深A股上市公司为研究样本,探究CFO事务所经历对公司自愿信息披露的影响,研究发现,CFO有事务所经历的公司更倾向于自愿发布业绩预告并提高业绩预告精确度。并且,上述效应在CFO有“四大”会计师事务所经历时更为显著。横截面分析发现,当外部环境不确定性较高或公司信息环境较差时,CFO事务所经历更可能通过自愿发布精确度高的业绩预告来改善信息环境。业绩预告异质性分析表明,CFO有事务所经历的公司会发布更及时、高频和准确的盈余信息,从而提高业绩预告披露质量。