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31.
This study shows that firms in the pharmaceutical industry experience decreasing returns to scale in R & D as the level of R & D expenditures rises. The paper presents the results of our study of the innovative output of 16 pharmaceutical firms over a 19 year period. Given the strong correlation between R & D budgets and firm size, our study suggests the wave of mergers in the industry may yield less innovative productivity than managers expect. 相似文献
32.
刘建民 《上海商业职业技术学院学报》2008,(6):43-46
近年来,我国零售商供应商矛盾突出,引起了各方关注。商务部等五部委发布的《零售商供应商公平交易管理办法》,是近年来专门调整零供关系的政府部门规章,在稳定流通秩序方面发挥了一定的作用,但对此也有一些不同观点。为完善零供(买卖)关系的法律规范体系,推进和谐商业环境及商事法治建设,本文对调整零供关系的法律属性,少数零售企业恶意占压、骗取供应商贷款的综合治理,风险预誓机制等相关问题提出了自己的一些见解。 相似文献
33.
李一鸣 《中国保险管理干部学院学报》2008,(2):69-71
本文分析了现阶段养老保险中人口老龄化的压力日益加剧,覆盖范围明显过窄,已入保群体“空账运行”,养老待遇过低等问题,提出了提高退休年龄、降低缴费比率、将社会统筹基金与个人账户基金实行分账管理、让基金保值增值加快社会保障制度立法等若干相关政策建议。 相似文献
34.
35.
郑东朝 《石油化工技术经济》2002,18(2):12-13,18
入世以后上海石化面临的竞争日趋激烈,合资的乙烯装置凭借其规模大,技术先进的优势对上海石化构成竞争态势,上海石化须集中资金、发展乙烯、从而带动乙烯及其乙烯下游产品的发展,扩大规模,提高经济效益,使上海石化的实力迅速增强。 相似文献
36.
KENNETH J. KLASSEN JEFFREY A. PITTMAN MARGARET P. REED STEVE FORTIN 《Contemporary Accounting Research》2004,21(3):639-680
We provide evidence on the impact of tax incentives and financial constraints on corporate R&D expenditure decisions. We contribute to extant research by comparing R&D expenditures in the United States and Canada, thereby exploiting the differences in the two countries' R&D tax credit mechanisms and generally accepted accounting principles. The two tax incentive mechanism designs are consistent with differing views of the degree of financial constraints faced by firms in these economies. Our sample also allows us to explore the effects of capitalizing R&D on Canadian firms. Employing a matched design, we document relations between tax credit incentives and R&D spending consistent with both Canadian and U.S. public companies responding as though they are not financially constrained. We estimate that the Canadian credit system induces, on average, $1.30 of additional R&D spending per dollar of taxes forgone while the U.S. system induces, on average, $2.96 of additional spending. We also find that firms that capitalize R&D costs in Canada spend, on average, 18 percent more on R&D. Collectively, this evidence is important to the ongoing debates in both countries concerning the appropriate design of incentives for R&D and is consistent with the assumptions found in the U.S. tax credit system, but not those found in the Canadian system. 相似文献
37.
MA Xiao-hong 《美中经济评论(英文版)》2008,7(5):55-58
Under the international textile trade development condition, the author analyzes the international textile trade market and the situation of Chinese textile trade after China entry into WTO, reveals the influence of the world textile trade development on Chinese textile trade, and proposes a series 相似文献
38.
39.
What's So Special about China's Exports? A Comment 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Masanaga Kumakura 《中国与世界经济(英文版)》2007,15(5):18-37
Dani Rodrik argues that China's exports are unusually sophisticated for a country at its income level. He also claims that China's export sophistication reflects the government's successful industrial policy and has been instrumental in the recent acceleration of its economic growth. Although Rodrik's interpretation of China's economic growth is broadly correct, the accuracy of his empirical analysis is questionable. This note identifies several problems regarding the “export sophistication” index used in his empirical work and casts doubt on his analysis. 相似文献
40.
China's Regional Disparity and Its Policy Responses 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
Minjia Chen Yongnian Zheng 《中国与世界经济(英文版)》2008,16(4):16-32
The fruits of China's rapid economic development over the 3 decades have not been distributed fairly across different regions. Using data from a sample of 815 Chinese listed firrns during 1998-2004, our error-correction investment model showes evidence of different financial constraints on firms' investment in different regions. We argue that China's regional development policies have contributed greatly to the regional inequalities. To control the rising inequality, China has shifted its focus from the coast to the interior regions. However, it is becoming increasingly difficult for the government to direct the economy, as market mechanisms now have afar greater influence on the economy than the government does. The people-centered approach of the current leadership has meant that substantial attention has been placed on regional development disparities in an attempt to build a "harmonious society. " China needs further extensive reforms if all the measures for reducing regional disparity are to be effective. 相似文献